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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 41 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ganglioside GD3 has a variety of biological functions. These include stimulatory effects is on proliferation, natural killer activity and cytokine production by freshly isolated peripheral T cells. In this study we have characterized anti-GD3 antibody (MoAb Z21) mediated effects on T cell clones. Our data indicate that α/β TCR CD4+ and CD8+ as well as γ/δ TCR positive T cells can be stimulated resulting in proliferation and cytokine production. This effect could be blocked by cyclosporin A and did not involve the LFA-3 or CD4 molecule. Apart from IFN-γ and IL-2 production by T helper I and T helper 0 cells we have observed production of IL-4 and IL-10 by T helper 2 cells indicating that the GD3 molecule is not a marker for a certain functional T cell subset. In contrast to anti-CD3 mediated activation, the responsiveness of T cells to stimulation via GD3 was dependent on the cell surface expression of the molecule and could be enhanced by costimulation via CD2, CD3, CD26 or CD28. In addition, anti-GD3 antibodies delivered a potent costimulatory signal for antigen-induced proliferation of CD4+ T lymphocytes. In summary, our experiments illuminate the mechanisms of anti-GD3 antibody induced T cell activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 4 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We evaluated the long-term results of three total hip and nine total knee arthroplasties in nine haemophilic patients with disabling pain and end-stage arthropathy. These patients have been followed over a period of 2–12 years (mean 6.9). One patient had a post-operative haematoma, which was evacuated; two patients required manipulation of the knee because of a limited range of motion. There were no infections. At follow-up, all but two patients were completely free of pain; two patients had occasional pain. The functional improvement was impressive with an average increase in the knee score from 37 to 80 points post-operatively. The hip score increased from 36 to 85 points. The range of motion was increased in seven joints, unchanged in two joints and decreased in three. One total hip arthroplasty was revised after 9 years for aseptic loosening. One total knee demonstrated nonprogressive radiographic evidence of aseptic loosening. Median consumption of coagulation factor concentrate in severe haemophiliacs decreased from 47.00 U yr−1 (range 16.000–144.000) before surgery, to 25.000 U yr−1 (range 18.000–132.000) at 2 years after surgery. Conclusion: hip and knee arthroplasty is a valuable option in symptomatic haemophilic patients with disabling arthropathy, in order to obtain pain relief and functional improvement. It is associated with a low rate of complications and may reduce the need for substitution of factor VIII and IX.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 97 (1995), S. 425-432 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 32.70Jz ; 67.40Yv
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical spectra of atomic impurities in liquid helium have been investigated. Comparison is made between the wavelength of the free atomic and ionic lines and those in the liquid helium matrix. Simultaneously, the line width and a possible asymmetry is recorded. Presence and absence of radiative transitions depend on the species of the atom implanted in the quantum fluid. The absence of any optical transitions from states lying as low as 1,8 eV below the ionization limit will be explained in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European food research and technology 201 (1995), S. 105-208 
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 66 (1977), S. 914-930 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Successful area development planning requires the best possible use of the available natural resources. The maps of the environmental potential satisfies the geoscientific part of this requirement by making understandable maps on soil, groundwater, mineral deposits, foundation subsoil, etc. available for the planners. The basis for any detailed remarks in specific fields is a modern general geological map. With its use applied-geological sheets are then drawn up. The soil maps give information on location-specific factors like climate, landscape, and soil while taking into account the origin-rock of the soil and the association of the soil types. Further, a discription is given of soil characteristics that influence usage and melioration as well as information on the yield potential and on the yield certainty. Information on soil melioration and different utilization alternatives is also included. Foundation soil maps differentiate the numerous cohesive and non-cohesive soils especially with regard to the bearing capacity of the subsurface. The soil and rock compositions and the varying soil-mechanical characteristics caused by them are used as classification criteria. Groundwater potential maps contain information on the amount and quality of the groundwater, potential contamination threats, and the technically feasible forms of utilization. Unconsolidated and consolidated rocks are classified according to different potential levels and their levels of endangerment. Areas of naturally saline groundwater are shown and information is given on the drainage area and the protection area needed. The mineral deposit maps depict the individual near-surface deposits of sand, gravel, clay, etc. The affiliated mineral deposit protection maps combine the deposits into a few raw material groups and rate them in 3 categories according to the importance of their protection in future environmental planning. The criteria for this classification are location, quality, demand for, etc. of the individual raw material groups. The deeper lying deposits such as salt, oil and gas, ores and coal are also depicted in maps. The map of protection-worthy geological sites depicts outcrops, cliffs, caves, etc. whose protection is important for research and teaching. The utilization priority map gives the planners information on what kind of use the geoscientist sees as having the highest priority for a certain area. Nongeological needs of the environment are also taken into account to a certain extent.
    Abstract: Résumé Les planifications affectant une région visent à la meilleure exploitation possible des ressources naturelles. L'aspect de cette exigence relevant des sciences de la terre peut trouver sa solution grâce à l'établissement de cartes faisant l'inventaire du potentiel offert par le terrain; ainsi on mettra à la disposition des planificateurs des cartes d'une lecture facile et fournissant des renseignements sur les sols, les eaux phréatiques, les gisements, les terrains à bâtir. La base de toute expertise spécifique est fournie par une carte géologique synoptique élaborée selon des procédés modernes. Les cartes pédologiques donnent des renseignements sur les facteurs locaux, tels que le climat, la configuration du paysage et les sols, tout en prenant en considération les matériaux de base qui entrent dans la composition et l'évolution du sol ainsi que l'association des divers types de sol. A cela s'ajoutent des descriptions des lieux, qui font entrer en ligne de compte les particularités du sol conditionnant l'exploitation et la melioration, ainsi que des éléments d'information sur le potentiel du rendement agricole et la moyenne de sa rentabilité assurée; enfin on indique les mentions touchant et à la mélioration et aux divers modes d'exploitation susceptibles de servir d'alternative. Les cartes des terrains à bâtir mises au service de la planification établissent les différences entre les divers sols cohérents et meubles; pris en particulier sous l'angle de leur force portative. A cette fin, la composition du sol, voire celle des roches, et les diverses propriétés géomécaniques qui en dépendent servent de critères de classification. Les cartes du potentiel des e'aux phréatiques comportent des renseignements sur la qualité et la quantité des eaux phréatiques, sur les éventuels dangers provenant de la surface, de même que sur la possibilité de leur exploitation technique. Les roches meubles ou compactes sont classifiés tout aussi bien d'après leur degré de rentabilité escomptée que d'après les dangers auxquels ils risquent d'être exposés. On détermine les aires pourvues d'eaux phréatiques naturellement salées et on fournit des renseignements concernant les aires placées sous protection ainsi que les aires de provenance. Sur les cartes des gisements de matières premières sousjacentes à la surface du sol, on représente les différentes couches de sable, de gravier, d'argile etc... Les cartes complémentaires de sauvegarde des matières premières classifient en trois catégories un nombre restreint de groupes de gisements de matières premières, catégories qui exigent une protection planifiée selon une échelle d'appréciation. Les critères taxionomiques pour cette évaluation sont la nature, la situation, la qualité, la consommation etc.... des diverses matières premières. Les gisements situés plus en profondeur (sel, minerais, charbon et autres minéraux industriels; pétrole et gaz naturel) sont représentés sur des cartes. Sur les cartes des objets méritant d'être conservés d'un point de vue géologique, on relève des affleurements, des écueils, des grottes et des escarpements etc.... qu'il faut sauvegarder pour la recherche et l'enseignement. Les cartes de l'exploitation prioritaire — ou des exploitations prioritaires — indiquent au planificateur à quel type d'exploitation les spécialistes des sciences de la terre accordent la plus haute priorité. Dans une certaine mesure, on tient compte égalément des sollicitations de l'espace naturel, qui ne relèvent pas des sciences de la terre.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei raumbedeutsamen Planungen wird die bestmögliche Nutzung natürlicher Ressourcen gefordert. Die Karten des Naturraumpotentials können den geowissenschaftlichen Teil dieser Forderung abdecken, indem für Planer einfach verständliche Karten über Böden, Grundwasser, Lagerstätten, Baugrund usw. vorgelegt werden. Grundlagen aller spezifischen Fachaussagen ist eine moderne Geologische Übersichtskarte. Auf ihr aufbauend werden angewandt-geologische Blätter erstellt. Die Bodenkarten machen Aussagen zu den Standortfaktoren Klima, Landschaft und Boden unter Berücksichtigung des Ausgangsmaterials der Bodenbildung und der Vergesellschaftung der Bodentypen. Hinzu kommen Standortbeschreibungen von nutzungs- und meliorationsbeeinflussenden Bodeneigenschaften sowie Aussagen zum landwirtschaftlichen Ertragspotential und zur Ertragssicherheit, außerdem Hinweise zur Bodenmelioration und zu verschiedenen Nutzungsalternativen. Baugrundplanungskarten unterscheiden verschiedene bindige und nicht bindige Böden, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Tragfähigkeit des Untergrundes. Als Gliederungskriterien hierfür dienen die Boden- bzw. Gesteinszusammensetzungen und die darauf beruhenden unterschiedlichen bodenmechanischen Eigenschaften. Grundwasserhöffigkeitskarten enthalten Aussagen zur Grundwassermenge, Grundwasserqualität, potentiellen Gefährdung von der Erdoberfläche her sowie zur technisch möglichen Nutzbarkeit. Locker- und Festgestein werden nach verschiedenen Höffigkeitsstufen gegliedert ebenso die potentielle Gefährdung. Bereiche mit natürlich versalztem Grundwasser und Aussagen zu Schutz- und Einzugsgebieten werden gemacht. Auf den Lagerstättenkarten der oberflächennahen Rohstoffe werden die einzelnen Lagerstätten von Sand, Kies, Ton usw. dargestellt. Dazugehörige Rohstoffsicherungskarten werten die zu wenigen Rohstoffgruppen zusammengefaßten Lagerstätten nach 3 Kategorien, welche in abgestufter Gewichtigkeit ihren planerischen Schutz fordern. Gliederungskriterien für diese Einteilung sind Art, Lage, Qualität, Verbrauch usw. der einzelnen Rohstoffgruppen. — Die Lagerstätten des tieferen Untergrundes (Salze, Erze-Kohle-Industrieminerale, Erdöl-Erdgas) werden auf Karten dargestellt. Auf den Karten geologisch schutzwürdiger Objekte sind schützenswerte Aufschlüsse, Klippen, Höhlen, Steilhänge etc., welche für Forschung und Lehre erhalten werden müssen, dargestellt. Die Karten der vorrangigen Nutzung (en) geben dem Planer den Hinweis, welcher Nutzungsart einer Fläche aus der Sicht des Geowissenschaftlers die höchste Priorität zuzusprechen ist. Berücksichtigt werden dabei in gewissem Umfange auch andere nicht-geowissenschaftliche Ansprüche an den Naturraum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 525-533 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.16.Ch ; 62.20.-x ; 68.35.Bs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The frictional properties of freshly cleaved (010) surfaces of the ferroelectric TriGlycine Sulfate (TGS) were investigated by combined scanning and friction force microscopy under ambient conditions. A frictional contrast could be observed between domains with different electrical polarity, as well as between terraces inside individual domains which are separated by steps of half of the unit-cell height or an odd multiple of this value. The latter contrast mechanism originates from the arrangement of the molecules at the surface which is chemically homogeneous, but structurally rotated by 180° between different terraces. The resulting asymmetric surface potential gives rise to a frictional anisotropy in different directions that can be detected by the force microscope, as well as to a change of the frictional force between forward and backward scan direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 525-533 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 61.16.Ch; 62.20.-x; 68.35.Bs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  The frictional properties of freshly cleaved (010) surfaces of the ferroelectric TriGlycine Sulfate (TGS) were investigated by combined scanning and friction force microscopy under ambient conditions. A frictional contrast could be observed between domains with different electrical polarity, as well as between terraces inside individual domains which are separated by steps of half of the unit-cell height or an odd multiple of this value. The latter contrast mechanism originates from the arrangement of the molecules at the surface which is chemically homogeneous, but structurally rotated by 180° between different terraces. The resulting asymmetric surface potential gives rise to a frictional anisotropy in different directions that can be detected by the force microscope, as well as to a change of the frictional force between forward and backward scan direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 357 (1997), S. 543-547 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract First results are described of coupling of mercury porosimetry with X-ray computerized tomography (CT) as a new combination technique for rock porosity studies. This technique is suitable for rock samples with a pronounced mercury intrusion-extrusion hysteresis and includes CT measurements before and after mercury intrusion. The entrapped portion of mercury, when the pressure after the intrusion into the rock sample is reduced to 0.1 MPa, serves as a contrast agent in the porous network to localize spatial distribution of rock porosity by CT. The results obtained show that the mercury intrusion and therefore the porosity were quite different for the separate mineral phases. Therefore the combination of mercury porosimetry and computer tomography can give 3-D data on mineral-specific porosity distributions with additional pore size information. In contrast to mercury porosimetry as a single method, results of the combination technique with CT represent a direct visualization of porosity variation and do not depend on any special pore network model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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