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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GANGLIOSIDES OF PERIPHERAL NERVE MYELIN (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 26 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —Gangliosides have been isolated from myelin obtained from three types of peripheral nerve: bovine spinal roots, bovine sciatic nerve and human sciatic nerve. Yields in most cases were 218–287 μg of lipid-bound sialic acid per g myelin, less than half that previously obtained from CNS myelin. Myelin accounted for approx 60% of total ganglioside present in whole spinal root. The human sample contained only N-acetylneuraminic acid but the two bovine preparations contained that as well as N-glycolylneuraminic acid; N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine were both present in all three preparations. Sphingosine was the major long-chain base in each preparation while 4-eicosasphingenine (d20:1) comprised about 14% in the two bovine samples and 3% in the human sample. The major fatty acids in all preparations were 16:0, 18:0, 22:0, 24:0 and 24:1. Sialosylgalactosyl ceramide (G7), a ganglioside characteristic of CNS myelin, was not detected in any of the PNS samples. The majority of gangliosides in bovine spinal root myelin were monosialo species, although the structures differed in some respects from those of CNS myelin. The molar concentration of lipid-bound sialic acid in PNS myelin is roughly equivalent to that of the P1 basic protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb04451.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and reproduction of the vermicomposting earthwormPerionyx excavatus as influenced by food materials (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1997), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Perionyx excavatus ; Earthworms ; Feeding activity ; Plant residues ; Mineralization ; Maturity parameters ; Vermicomposting ; C/N ratio ; Straw
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract An outdoor study was undertaken using polyethylene containers to assess the suitability of different organic residues, soybean straw (Glycine max L. Merril.), wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.), maize stover (Zea mays L.), chickpea straw (citer arietinum L.) and city garbage, as food for the tropical epigeic earthwormPerionyx excavatus, and to assess the influence of this earthworm on the decomposition of these materials. Maize stover was found to be the most suitable of the food materials used. Population growth ofP. excavatus was enhanced by addition of these organic materials in the temperature range 24°-30°C, while the population was adversely affected above 30°C in a vermiculture system. Addition of earthworms accelerated the breakdown of residues, which ultimately resulted in a lowering of the C:N ratio, water-soluble carbon and carbohydrates, and increased ash percentage and cation exchange capacity compared with their respective controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420233
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and reproduction of the vermicomposting earthworm Perionyx excavatus as influenced by food materials (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1996), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key wordsPerionyx excavatus ; Earthworms ; Feeding activity ; Plant residues ; Mineralization ; Maturity parameters ; Vermicomposting ; C/N ratio ; Straw
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract An outdoor study was undertaken using polyethylene containers to assess the suitability of different organic residues, soybean straw (Glycine max L. Merril.), wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.), maize stover (Zea mays L.), chickpea straw (cicer arietinum L.) and city garbage, as food for the tropical epigeic earthworm Perionyx excavatus, and to assess the influence of this earthworm on the decomposition of these materials. Maize stover was found to be the most suitable of the food materials used. Population growth of P. excavatus was enhanced by addition of these organic materials in the temperature range 24°–30°C, while the population was adversely affected above 30°C in a vermiculture system. Addition of earthworms accelerated the breakdown of residues, which ultimately resulted in a lowering of the C:N ratio, water-soluble carbon and carbohydrates, and increased ash percentage and cation exchange capacity compared with their respective controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420233
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-defocusing of light in copper vapour (1997)
    Springer
    Applied physics 64 (1997), S. 667-670 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 42.65.5; 42.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: 2 for radiation red detuned with respect to the copper atomic transition and found it to be in good agreement with our calculated value of n2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400050231
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the sialic acid content of chick thymus and bursa of Fabricius during age-involution (1979)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 35 (1979), S. 1251-1252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sialic acid content of both thymus and bursa of Fabricius during their growth and involution phases in chick has been reported in this study. It is observed that the sialic acid concentration is very high in 1-week-old chickens. The concentration subsequently decreases to a significant level and rises again prior to the onset of involution. In the postinvolution period, a more or less minimal and constant level is maintained. The role of sialic acid in cellular activities of thymo-bursal system has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01963320
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of chiasmata in the synchronous meiotic cycle of Lilium longiflorum (1977)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 64 (1977), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The results of treatment of meiotic cells of Lilium longiflorum by cycloheximide at the time of chiasma initiation and formation suggest that in the sequential phases of nuclear development, complete chiasma suppression resulting in achiasmate cells is attained prior to a quantitative reduction of chiasma frequency. Reduction of chiasma frequency and complete suppression are believed to be based on two different mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327056
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural studies of late meiotic prophase nuclei of spermatocytes in Ascaris suum (1979)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 70 (1979), S. 375-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Post pachytene stages of meiotic prophase in males of Ascaris suum have been analyzed with the electron microscope. No synaptonemal-like polycomplexes (PCs) have been observed in the nucleoplasm or cytoplasm during the period from pachytene to diakinesis. From Serially sectioned diplotene nuclei it was found that the bivalents are located near the periphery of the nuclei, the central part of the nuclei being vacant. Each nucleus contains one nucleolus. Up to 1 μm long stretches of unpaired lateral elements (LEs) are found in some of the diplotene bivalents. These LEs are morphologically similar to unpaired LEs in early zygotene nuclei. Partial 3-dimensional reconstruction of two nuclei shows that the bivalents contain some small stretches of synaptonemal complex (SC) up to 1.9 μm long. Some bivalents at diakinesis show remnants of SCs. At this stage chromosomes are fibrous, condensed, attached to the nuclear envelope and mostly with a rounded profile in cross section. The synchronous development of the spermatocytes and small bivalents at diplotene in A. suum make this system a good object for the study of localization of SC remnants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328773
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Case of the month: A newborn with tight skin and joint contractures (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. 987-989 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02282893
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mating system and genetic significance of polycarpy in the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 1216-1220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Allozyme ; Bangladesh ; Endocarp ; Neem ; Outcrossing rate ; Protandry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The objectives of this study were to estimate the outcrossing rate and to explain genetic consequences of the development of seed in the endocarp in a natural population of neem in Bangladesh. Cotyledons of germinated open-pollinated seeds of individual trees were analyzed by starch-gel electrophoresis to examine allozymes. Three loci with clear Mendelian segregation were used to estimate outcrossing rate. A multilocus mixed mating model was used to evaluate the mating system. The population exhibited high outcrossing rates both for multilocus (tm=0.90±0.024) and mean single-locus (ts=0.92±0.020) estimates. The difference between these two parameters (tm–ts=0±SE 0.038) was insignificant, indicating that there was no ’biparental inbreeding’ in the population. The degree of variance of the estimates of multilocus outcrossing rates decreased when two or more loci were included. In order to elucidate the significance of polycarpy a total of 471 seeds were counted out of 440 endocarps. This mechanism appears to be a possible way of avoiding inbreeding. The results indicated that the studied neem population was predominantly allogamous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051327
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method to solve generalized multicriteria optimization problems using the simple genetic algorithm (1995)
    Springer
    Structural and multidisciplinary optimization 10 (1995), S. 94-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-1488
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Genetic algorithms (GAs), which are directed stochastic hill climbing algorithms, are a commonly used optimization technique and are generally applied to single criterion optimization problems with fairly complex solution landscapes. There has been some attempts to apply GA to multicriteria optimization problems. The GA selection mechanism is typically dependent on a single-valued objective function and so no general methods to solve multicriteria optimization problems have been developed so far. In this paper, a new method of transformation of the multiple criteria problem into a single-criterion problem is presented. The problem of transformation brings about the need for the introduction of thePareto set estimation method to perform the multicriteria optimization using GAs. From a given solution set, which is the population of a certain generation of the GA, the Pareto set is found. The fitness of population members in the next GA generation is calculated by a distance metric with a reference to the Pareto set of the previous generation. As we are unable to combine the objectives in some way, we resort to this distance metric in the positive Pareto space of the previous solutions, as the fitness of the current solutions. This new GA-based multicriteria optimization method is proposed here, and it is capable of handling any generally formulated multicriteria optimization problem. The main idea of the method is described in detail in this paper along with a detailed numerical example. Preliminary computer generated results show that our approach produces better, and far more Pareto solutions, than plain stochastic optimization methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01743536
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