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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 2216-2223 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The annealing behavior of amorphous, hydrogenated silicon carbide films in the range 400–900 °C was studied by optical characterization methods, 15N hydrogen profiling, and defect profiling using a variable energy positron beam. The films were deposited in an electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition system using ditertiary butyl silane [SiH2(C4H9)2] as the monosource for silicon and carbon. As-deposited films were found to contain large concentrations of hydrogen, both bonded and unbonded. Under rapid thermal annealing in a N2 atmosphere, the bonded hydrogen effuses giving rise to additional Si–C bond formation and to film densification. After annealing at high temperatures in N2, a marked decrease in the total hydrogen content is observed. After annealing in vacuum, however, the hydrogen effusion promotes void formation in the films. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 5424-5428 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An experimental approach to the study of thermal transport in the diamond-anvil high pressure cell is described and the elements of the thermal diffusivity tensor of β-oxygen are reported to a pressure of 9 GPa. The anisotropy in the thermal conductivity is found to be opposite in sense to that in the velocity of acoustic waves. Results are interpreted in terms of a lattice dynamical model in which the strong interactions between an atom and its first-, second-, and third-nearest neighbors are treated in tensorial form with parameters evaluated directly from experiment. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 910-916 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The spectrum of bound states of He atoms adsorbed on Ag(110) is calculated, using an interaction potential based on effective medium theory EMT for the repulsive term A exp(−bz) and the Zaremba–Kohn form for the attractive van der Waals dispersion term. The electronic charge density of the host in the selvedge region is modeled by superimposing atomic-charge densities using the Herman–Skillman tables and the prefactor A of the repulsive term is fitted to the exact ground state energy obtained from elastic He scattering data. Comparisons are made with the bound-state spectrum extracted from the measured resonances in the He scattering data and with the results of several other models used in the current literature. An assessment of the role played by higher-order dispersion contributions to the attractive potential is also included. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Standardization of the method to determine sun protection factors (SPF) is fundamental to uniform labelling of SPF values on sun products. The COLIPA Task Force ‘Sun Protection Measurement’(SPM), including representatives of major European sun-product manufacturers and contract testing laboratories, was established in 1990 to define methods for sun products testing. The process involved in developing the COLlPA SPF Test Method started with a critical appraisal of previously existing methods, and identification of areas for improvement. Experiments were performed by the participating laboratories to establish the new recommended test protocol which was then confirmed in two multicentred ring tests. Improvements to test methodology included the number and selection of volunteers and skin types, the application of the product, the definition of W output from solar simulators, and the method for assessing erythemal response (MED) including an option to use colorimetry to define objectively the ‘erythemal threshold’ of skin and to predetermine MED prior to exposure. Four cosmetic formulations and neutral density physical filters (SPF from 4 to 20) were tested in two ring tests. Results showed that variations in SPF of the cosmetic products were, on average, directly proportional to SPF value. An excellent correlation was found between visual and colorimetric SPF assessments (r = 0.99). An acceptable range of values for low and high SPF standard products was also established. The COLIPA SPF test method is now fully defined and supported by experimental data. Its use will harmonize SPF testing throughout Europe and help in the quest for global harmonization in testing sun products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 81 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The results of 201 24-hour urinary oestriol estimations in 50 twin pregnancies are presented. The 10th, 50th and 90th centiles were approximately 1.7 times higher than those for singleton pregnancies, reflecting the combined weights of the two fetuses. In general, the oestriol values were not low before or after intrauterine death of one fetus or in pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation. The trends in serial oestriol values were of more relevance in assessing fetal jeopardy than grading the values as normal or low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 77 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fifty-five patients admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of threatened abortion were assessed by means of urinary oestrogen, pregnanediol and chorionic gonadotrophin assays and by vaginal cytology. Oestrogen excretion was abnormally low (below the first percentile for the period of gestation) in 22 patients all of whom aborted, usually within a week of the measurement. Twenty-two of the 33 patients with oestrogen values in the normal pregnancy range had pregnancies which continued and resulted in surviving infants. Eleven patients with normal oestrogen values subsequently aborted. These abortions occurred more than one week after the original assessment and usually in the second trimester. Pregnanediol measure ments provided comparable information. In patients who aborted, vaginal cytology and initial chorionic gonadotrophin levels were less useful investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Forty-one patients with a diagnosis of possible hydatidiform mole were studied by HCG, oestrogen and pregnanediol determinations performed on 24-hour collections of urine. The results were compared with those obtained in a control series involving 5000 HCG analyses, 679 oestrogen analyses and 1080 pregnanediol analyses performed over the relevant period of gestation in single pregnancies which produced surviving infants. Of the 17 patients who were shown to have a hydatidiform mole, 8 (47 per cent) had high HCG levels, 5 (29 per cent) had oestrogen levels below the first percentile for the control series and 5 of 13 patients had low pregnanediol levels (38 per cent). Five of the nine patients with molar pregnancies associated with normal HCG excretion had oestrogen excretion below the first percentile and one of the remaining four with normal oestrogen values had non-pregnancy levels of pregnanediol. Thus the diagnosis of an abnormal pregnancy could be made in 14 of the 17 molar pregnancies studied (82 per cent). Two of the three exceptions had a fetus co-existent with the mole. There were no viable pregnancies when the oestrogen and pregnanediol values were below the first percentile. Oestrogen and/or pregnanediol values in the range consistent with multiple pregnancy were found in four patients with molar pregnancies. In the molar pregnancies there was a correlation between the levels of HCG and the levels of oestrogens and pregnanediol excreted. After evacuation of the mole, the levels of oestrogens and pregnanediol remained elevated for up to three weeks in approximately half of the patients, whereas the HCG levels fell immediately. These findings support the view that in molar pregnancies, levels of oestrogens above 300 μg. per 24 hours and of pregnanediol above 10 mg. per 24 hours are derived mainly from the stimulation of theca lutein cysts in the ovaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fifteen pregnant women (including one with a twin conception) were studied at the 16th, 28th, 34th and 38th weeks of gestation.Blood pressure increased slightly in late pregnancy in 3 women, including the one with twins; the remainder had normal pregnancies throughout.Plasma concentrations of renin, electrolytes, haemoglobin and proteins, together with plasma volume, osmolality, colloid osmotic pressure and packed cell volume, were measured in all the women; plasma concentrations of aldosterone in 7; and plasma corticosterone and cortisol in 6.Between the 16th and the 38th weeks of gestation there was no significant change in the mean plasma electrolyte concentrations, osmolality, colloid osmotic pressure or haematocrit. Plasma volume increased markedly between the 16th and 34th weeks. The mean plasma protein concentration showed a significant rise between the 28th and 38th weeks.Plasma renin concentration was increased above the non-pregnant range in most, but not all, of the women.Plasma aldosterone concentration was markedly increased in all measurements in each of the 7 women studied, the highest mean value being found at 16 weeks.With the exception of 3 of a total of 24 estimations, plasma corticosterone remained within the normal non-pregnant range.Plasma cortisol was increased above the non-pregnant range at 38 weeks in all the women studied; less consistent increases were found in earlier weeks.Multiple regression analysis revealed no significant correlation between any of the factors measured in the 12 women whose blood pressures remained normal throughout.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 13 (1974), S. 3174-3178 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 3 (1970), S. 265-267 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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