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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 6539-6541 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated feasibility of GaAs interlayers for the metal/GaN interface with synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy. We have found that the use of piranha/HCl solutions is effective as a surface cleaning technique for GaN. We have confirmed that (111) GaAs grows epitaxially on a (0001) GaN substrate. Pd/GaAs/GaN sandwich structures have been successfully fabricated with molecular beam epitaxy. We have confirmed the GaAs interlayer modifies the band diagram at the metal/GaN interface. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 2011-2013 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a technique to characterize carrier-trapping phenomena in SiO2 by measuring the Si 2p core-level energy of Si substrates covered with thin SiO2 layers as a function of x-ray irradiation time. It is found that the Si 2p peak energy, which corresponds to the band bending at the SiO2/Si interface, changes as the x-ray irradiation time increases. We attribute this to carrier-trapping phenomena in SiO2. By using this technique, it is found that the carrier-trapping phenomena differ remarkably among several chemical oxides. We also discuss the atomic structure of the traps that cause the trapping phenomena. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Polyoxyethylene alkyl esters, which are surface-active agents, were chemically synthesized from fatty acids (C12-C18) on reaction with different moles of polyethylene oxides, and were tested for effectiveness against the toxic raphidophytes Chattonella marina (Subrahmanyan) Hara & Chihara and C. antiqua (Hada) Ono. The synthetic surfactants destroyed cultured cells from these two species. Although the synthetic surfactants also exhibited ichthyotoxicity, this was lowered by increasing the molarity of ethylene oxide (EO) in alkyl ester molecules. Young yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata Temminck & Schlegel, survived exposure to C. marina (5000-5500 cells mLT−1) or C. antiqua (3000-3500 cells mL−1) cultures with the addition of 4-5 p.p.m. oleyl ester EO 14, but died within an hour without the addition of this surfactant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background T-cell epitopes on Der 1 and Der 2 groups, the major mite allergens, have been intensively analysed, while those on the other important allergens remain to be elucidated. We have cloned four cDNAs coding for important mite allergens on the basis of frequency and capacity of IgE binding. Stimulatory action of glutathione S-transferase-fused Mag1 on lymphocytes from mite-allergic patients was relatively high among them.Objective To identify T-cell epitopes on Mag1, we studied the stimulating activity of truncated Mag1 proteins and synthetic peptides on proliferative response of lymphocytes from mite antigen-immunized mice and mite-sensitive patients.Methods Truncated Mag1 proteins were expressed as a fusion protein with β-galactosidase in Escherichia coli pop2136 carrying a variety of deleted Mag1 inserts. Murine T-cell epitope regions were estimated by the truncated antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation assay. Overlapping peptides covering the whole sequence of the presumed T-cell epitope regions were synthesized to identify the epitope core. sequences using murine and human Mag1-specific T-cell lines.Results Amino acid range 56–70 on Mag1 molecule showed remarkable stimulatory action on murine T cells, while amino acid ranges 51–65 and 86–100 had potent stimulatory activity on human T cells.Conclusion These results suggest that Mag1 is a valuable antigen suitable for studies on T-cell responses and T-cell epitopes in mice and humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 30 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of various prostaglandins (PGs) on the functions of human gingival fibroblasts (Gin-1 cells; ATCC CRL 1292) were examined by phase-contrast microscopy, cell-counting and radioautographic experiments. Tested PGs were PGA1, PGA2, PGB1, PGB2, PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, PGF1α, PGF2α, PGI2, 6-keto-PGF1α, 9α-11α-methanoepoxy-PGF2α, and thromboxane (TX) B2. PGA1, and PGD2 at 30 μM caused morphological deformation of Gin-1 cells. All the PGs tested at 30 μM suppressed the proliferation of Gin-1 cells in the logarithmic growth phase. Furthermore, all the PGs tested at 10 μM suppressed DNA synthesis, collagen synthesis, and noncollagenous protein synthesis in confluent Gin-1 cells, while exerting no effect on GAG synthesis. The concentrations of PGs used are beyond those found in healthy gingiva. However, in periodontitis the local concentrations of some PGs within the gingiva are expected to be extremely elevated beyond the physiological level. These results suggest that PGs may play an important role as a negative regulator in metabolism and some pathologic gingival conditions by suppressing the functions of gingival fibroblasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 39 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: As part of a study to define the etiology of pale, soft and exudative pork and porcine stress syndrome, some properties of cyclic AMP, a compound which mediates the action of epinephrine, were studied. Results show that cyclic AMP is uniformly distributed in hog skeletal muscles both within and between muscles and is unstable at 2° but stable at - 20°C and below. Under the conditions of the experiments, no simple relationship is obvious between rate of glycogen breakdown and concentration of cyclic AMP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 35 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Biochemical evidence for the presence of lysosomes in bovine longissimus dorsi muscle has been presented. Comparisons of enzymatic activities among lysosomal fractions from rat liver, bovine liver and bovine I. dorsi muscle indicate that there are specific as well as organic differences with respect to the activities of some of the enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 36 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Osteonecrosis ; Serum sickness ; Immune reaction ; Animal model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Osteonecrosis (ON) was produced experimentally in rabbits by intravenous injection of horse serum. Eighty adult rabbits were used: 16 were injected twice with isotonic saline (Group A), 24 were injected once with saline and once with horse serum (Group B), and 40 were injected twice with horse serum (Group C). Both femurs of each rabbit were obtained from 2 h to 7 weeks after the final injection an were subjected to histological examination. No pathological changes were seen in Groups A and B. In Group C, 5 of 15 rabbits (33%) showed ON (necrosis of trabecula and bone marrow) in the femoral metaphysis. In Group C, the early major pathological findings in bone marrow are extravasation of erythrocytes in sinusoidal spaces and microthrombi in small arteries and arterioles near the lesion of extravasation. Immune complexes were demonstrated in the kidney within 24 h of the final injection of horse serum. The present study suggests that immunological reaction associated with serum sickness may play an important role in inducible ON and this model will contribute toward clarifying the pathogenesis of ON.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 20 (1996), S. 142-146 
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Nous avons utilisé cliniquement des allogreffes osseuses en les traitant par dégraissage dans du chloroforme et du méthanol, par lyophilisation et par stérilisation avec du gaz d’oxyde d’éthylène. Le but du dégraissage et de la lyophilisation est de faciliter une stérilisation ultérieure en éliminant la barrière à la diffusion du gaz d’oxyde d’éthylène dans les os, d’abaisser les niveaux résiduels de l’oxyde d’éthylène et de ses sous-produits toxiques après la stérilisation, d’éliminer les iso-antigènes et de rendre possible un stockade à la température de la pièce. Des infections postopératoires, vérifiées par une culture bactérienne positive, se sont produites chez 2 patients sur 396 (0.5%) recevant cette allogreffe préparée dans des conditions propres, mais non stériles. Des sections histologiques de la zone autour de l’interface de l’allogreffe et de l’assise de l’os du receveur ont montré: 1) des ostéoblastes bordant la surface de l’allogreffe osseuse corticale avec des appositions d’os néo-formé, 2) le développement du nouvel os dans les canaux vasculaires haversiens, et 3) une légère infiltration de petites cellules rondes inflammatoires. L’incidence négligeable d’infections postopératoires a permis de confirmer l’efficacité de la stérilisation. Les sections histologiques de spécimens biopsiques ont montré la préservation de la capacité de la greffe à supporter la formation du nouvel os et éliminer les iso-antigènes. Nous pouvons donc conclure que cette méthode est fiable pour des allogreffes osseuses cliniquement stérilisées et ne présente qu’un léger effet nuisible.
    Notes: Summary. We devised a method of sterilising bone allografts which consists of defatting in chloroform and methanol, freeze-drying and sterilisation with ethylene oxide gas. The purpose of defatting and freeze-drying was to facilitate subsequent sterilisation by eliminating the barrier to diffusion of the gas into bone, to lower residual levels of ethylene oxide and its toxic by-products, to eliminate alloantigens and to make storage possible at room temperature. The efficacy and safety of the method were evaluated by testing the sterilisation of infected bone from 6 patients with active chronic osteomyelitis, the penetration of ethylene oxide into human femoral heads treated by this or by freeze-drying or freeze-thawing, and the desorption of ethylene oxide and its toxic by-products from pieces of bone treated by these methods. All the samples of infected bone tested negative for bacteria after treatment. The gas penetrated into the central area of the femoral heads in a few hours. Residual levels of ethylene oxide and its toxic by-products were much lower in the treated bone than in freeze-dried or freeze-thawed bone, and decreased quickly in flowing air. Prior defatting and freeze-drying facilitated penetration of ethylene oxide into bone during sterilisation and the desorption of ethylene oxide and its toxic by-products after sterilisation. Preparation under clean, but not sterile, conditions and storage at room temperature make bone banking more practical and efficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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