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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1965-1969  (6)
  • 1955-1959  (2)
  • 1950-1954  (2)
  • 1890-1899  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 48 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The histological structure of the gonads was studied in yellow eels sampled from a coastal lagoon and from stocks reared in an aquaculture plant showing different sex ratios. Gonad development related to body size rather than to age and underwent an intermediate stage characterized by a structure of an early testis but containing oogonia and oocytes. This gonad was called the Syrski organ and the stage juvenile ambisexual. Ovaries were found in eels from 22–30 cm in length, possibly derived from undifferentiated gonads or from Syrski organs. Fully differentiated testes were found in eels 〉35 cm, derived from Syrski organs. These observations support the results of previous research. From elvers and in eels up to 15–16 cm in length, growth of the gonadal primordium is due to primordial germ cell migration. In eels 〉 15 cm multiplication of primordial cells begins. Oogonial clones were found in eels 〉 18 cm in length, whilespermatogonium B clones were observed in eels 〉30 cm in length. The dynamics of sex differentiation was different among stocks with different ultimate sex ratios: ovaries were found in shorter eels in stocks with a prevalence of females, in longer eels in stocks with a prevalence of males. This result supports the hypothesis of a metagametic (environmental) sex determination. The somatic cells in contact with germ cells and those in the interstitium appeared early during gonad development and preceded germ cell differentiation. This suggests that somatic cells are the targets of the environmental factors influencing sex differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 47 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of sex steroids on sex differentiation in the European eel were studied. The steroids, 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE), were given in the diet to 6–8 cm elvers and to 15–18 cm and 22–25 cm yellow eels. In our rearing conditions a very large percentage of the untreated eels developed as males. No masculinizing effect of MT could be demonstrated. The EE, administered at a dose of 10 mg kg-1 of diet to 6–8 cm elvers and 15–18 cm eels, induced ovarian differentiation in about 90 and 65% of eels respectively, while in the control 〈5% of females was recorded. In 22–25 cm yellow eels a moderated feminizing effect was observed.Histological analysis of the gonads of treated eels showed that sex steroids affect the gonadal structure. The androgen stimulates hypertrophy of compact connective tissue, early differentiation of Leydig cells, Sertoli cells and early formation of the spermatic duct. Oestrogen inhibits the differentiation of these structural components and stimulates the differentiation of follicular cells and an ovarian structure.The involvement of gonadal structural components is discussed in relation to the effect of steroid treatment and to the peculiarities of sex differentiation in the European eel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 217 (1968), S. 156-157 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] What prevented this free nutation from being completely damped ? Many suggestions of mechanisms to excite the Chandler wobble have been put forward during the past seventy-five years, but none has proved satisfactory. The question is still considered by most geophysicists to be largely unanswered. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 11 (1955), S. 333-339 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Very many observations of the structure of the chromosomes in various materials show, without exception, that the chromatids are coiled like springs. This spatial arrangements is of fundamental importance in processes of reproduction and changes in chromosomes (“internal mechanics” ofDarlington), but in many important particulars the opinions of cytologists differ. The comparative study of changes in chromosomes, especially during spermatogenesis and oögenesis, which are described here, permits us to give a general interpretation of the chromatid structure and of the spatial distribution of the chromatids in mitosis and meiosis. The chromatids should be constantly coiled in a “minor” spiral. The uncoiling of such spirals could be observed in some cases only, e.g., in nuclei of growing oöcytes. In this the chromomeres are visible. The chromomeres commonly described should be the coils of the “minor” spiral, distributed irregularly along the axis of the chromosomes, perhaps in relation to the distribution of true chromomeres and to the characteristics of the matrix. The constancy of the “minor” coil and the fact that chromatid reproduction takes place at the interphase, makes it very likely that in chromosomes with two or four chromatids there is always paranemic coil. The same spatial arrangement of the chromatids should have followed meiotic pairing. In most cases this type of structure is confirmed by the changes in the chromosomes, which precede the separation of the daughter chromosomes at meta-anaphase, and it is in better agreement with the mechanisms of chromosomes reproduction.
    Notes: Conclusioni Numerosissime osservazioni sulla struttura dei cromosomi in materiali diversissimi dimostrano concordemente che i cromatidi sono avvolti secondo un'elicoide. Questa disposizione spaziale ha un'importanza fondamentale nei processi di riproduzione e di trasformazione dei cromosomi («internal mechanics» diDarlington); ma, in molti particolari di importanza notevole, le opinioni dei citologi sono contrastanti. L'esame comparativo delle trasformazioni cromosomiche, sopratutto nella spermatogenesi e nell'oogenesi, che sono state qui esposte, ci permette di dare un'interpretazione generale sulla struttura cromatidica e sulla disposizione spaziale dei cromatidi nella mitosi e nella meiosi. I cromatidi sarebbero costantemente avvolti secondo un'elicoide «minor». Lo svolgimento di tale elicoide si osserverebbe soltanto in alcuni casi, ad es. nei nuclei degli oociti in accresimento. In questi sono visibili i veri cromomeri. I cromomeri comunemente descritti sarebbero invece giri dell'elicoide «minor», distribuiti irregolarmente lungo l'asse del cromosoma in relazione forse alla distribuzione dei veri cromomeri ed alle caratteristiche della matrice. La costanza dell'avvolgimento elicoidale «minor» ed il fatto che l'autoriproduzione cromatidica avviene nell'interfase, rendono molto verosimile che nei cromosomi a due o quattro cromatidi si formino sempre degli avvolgimenti paranemici. La stessa disposizione spaziale dei cromatidi si avrebbe in seguito all'appaiamento meiotico. Questo tipo di struttura nella maggior parte dei casi è confermato dalle trasformazioni cromosomiche, che precedono la separazione meta-anafasica dei cromosomi figli, ed è quella che probabilmente meglio concorda coi meccanismi di riproduzione cromosomica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 15 (1959), S. 457-458 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Riassunto Sono stati determinati 14 aminoacidi liberi nell'emolinfa: di cssi acido glutamico, glicina e prolina rappresentano insieme il 50% e più del contenuto totale. Le ninfe verdi contengono meno glicina e acido aspartico e più treonina e fenilalanina in confronto alle ninfe brune. Gli individui adulti mostrano in contenuto relativo di aminoacidi diverso dalle ninfe e fra i due sessi. Somministrazione di triptofano a ninfe brune non ha dato variazioni negli aminoacidi liberi, non aumento dell'aminoacido stesso, né presenza di prodotti del suo metabolismo nel sangue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Riassunto Le furocumarine possono legarsi in vitro al DNA ed, in misura molto minore, all'RNA. Per irradizione UV (3655 Å) in presenza di psoralene, tre virus a DNA sono stati inattivati, mentre nessun effetto è stato notato su altri tre virus ad RNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 40 (1892), S. 155-156 
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 208 (1965), S. 575-575 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In discussion with I. I. Shapiro3, we concluded that the actual rotational motion may have evolved via a speeding-up process from a lower angular velocity or possibly from a retrograde motion. We would point out that a 58-65-day period, precisely because it is 2/3 of the orbital period, fits some ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 216 (1967), S. 669-670 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] What prevented this free nutation from being completely damped ? Many suggestions of mechanisms to excite the Chandler wobble have been put forward during the past 75 yr, but none has proved satisfactory. The question is still considered by most geophysicists to be largely unanswered. The purpose ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 21 (1965), S. 176-176 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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