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  • 1995-1999  (25)
  • 1965-1969  (9)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photoconducting properties of a ladder polymer (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 3938-3941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The electronic properties of the ladder polymer BBL are investigated using steady state and transient photoconductivity techniques. The photocurrent response of the polymer film in the surface cell and sandwich cell configurations are compared along with the absorption spectra and the results correlated with the surface and bulk morphology. The steady state photocurrent shows a nonlinear response with respect to the electric field, and the photocurrent spectral response is accompanied by a significant tailing in the infrared region. The photocurrent is also studied as a function of photon intensity and chopper frequency. A long lived transient photocurrent ((approximately-greater-than)100 ms) is present on exposure to nanosecond laser pulses revealing the presence of deep traps. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358574
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Collaborative development of a sun protection factor test method: a proposed European Standard. COLIPA Task Force ‘Sun Protection Measurement’, Europe (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 18 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Standardization of the method to determine sun protection factors (SPF) is fundamental to uniform labelling of SPF values on sun products. The COLIPA Task Force ‘Sun Protection Measurement’(SPM), including representatives of major European sun-product manufacturers and contract testing laboratories, was established in 1990 to define methods for sun products testing. The process involved in developing the COLlPA SPF Test Method started with a critical appraisal of previously existing methods, and identification of areas for improvement. Experiments were performed by the participating laboratories to establish the new recommended test protocol which was then confirmed in two multicentred ring tests. Improvements to test methodology included the number and selection of volunteers and skin types, the application of the product, the definition of W output from solar simulators, and the method for assessing erythemal response (MED) including an option to use colorimetry to define objectively the ‘erythemal threshold’ of skin and to predetermine MED prior to exposure. Four cosmetic formulations and neutral density physical filters (SPF from 4 to 20) were tested in two ring tests. Results showed that variations in SPF of the cosmetic products were, on average, directly proportional to SPF value. An excellent correlation was found between visual and colorimetric SPF assessments (r = 0.99). An acceptable range of values for low and high SPF standard products was also established. The COLIPA SPF test method is now fully defined and supported by experimental data. Its use will harmonize SPF testing throughout Europe and help in the quest for global harmonization in testing sun products.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1996.tb00151.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quantum-well activated phosphors: A new concept for electroluminescent displays (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 411-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The development of a completely new class of artificially engineered phosphors for electroluminescent displays is proposed in which deep quantum wells embedded in a high band gap material act as radiative centers. The proof of concept of such phosphor activation by quantum wells (QWs) has been demonstrated in the CdSe/SrS multi-quantum well system prepared by atomic layer epitaxy. Various QW widths (3–15 nm) were studied. The reduction in QW width shifts the emission towards shorter wavelength and the emission spectra exhibit multiple peaks, believed to be the result of transitions from several QW levels. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118319
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Violet light emitting SrS/SrCl:Eu thin-film electroluminescent devices (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 7-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Emission of bright (over 9 cd/m2) violet light centered at 404 nm has been achieved from SrS:Eu thin-film electroluminescent (EL) devices. The brightness has remained stable after several hours of operation. The source of this light is believed to be the 5d–4f transition of Eu2+ in the SrCl2 host, which is formed near the ZnS/SrS interfaces within the sandwich structure of the EL devices. Similar device structures were also utilized to produce ultraviolet EL emission at 367 nm from SrCl2:Ce3+ layers. These devices were grown via atomic layer epitaxy. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115514
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    8-MOP PUVA for psoriasis: a comparison of a minimal phototoxic dose-based regimen with a skin-type approach (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 135 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Two ultraviolet A (UVA) regimens for oral S-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) photochemotherapy (PUVA) for moderate/severe chronic plaque psoriasis using a half body study technique were compared. Each patient received both regimens. A higher-dose regimen based on minimal phototoxic dose (MPD) within percentage incremental increases was given to one-half of the body. The other half received a lower dose regimen based on skin type with fixed incremental UVA increases. Patients were treated twice weekly. Symmetrical plaques were scored to determine the rate of resolution with each regimen. In addition, the number of treatments, cumulative UVA dose and number of days in treatment to achieve overall clearance were recorded. Patients were reviewed monthly for 1 year to record remission data. Thirty-three patients completed the study. Both regimens were effective and well tolerated. With the MPD-based approach, the number of exposures was significantly less for patients with skin types I and II but not III. Although the cumulative UVA dose was higher with the MPU regimen for all skin types studied, the reduced number of exposures required for clearance for skin types I and II but not III, combined with thesecurity of individualized MPD testing, has practical attractions. MPD testing also identified live patients who required an increased psoralen dose and six patients who required a reduction of the initial UVA dose with the skin type regimen. Forty-two per cent were still clear 1 year after treatment and there was no significant difference in the number of days in remission between the regimens for those whose psoriasis had recurred. The reduction in the number of exposures required lor clearance with the MPD-based regimen may be safer and more cost effective in the long term.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb01155.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    William Frain-Bell, MBChB, MD, FRCP(E) (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 135 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb03852.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Plasma exchange therapy for solar urticaria (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: We report two cases of severe idiopathic solar urticaria treated.1 with plasma exchange therapy. Previous treatment which included antihistamines and. in one patient, desensitization with psoralens and ultraviolet A (PUVA) and narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy produced only partial benefit. The effect of plasma exchange therapy was assessed using monochromator phototesting and intradermal injection of in vitro irradiated serum. One patient responded but relapsed within 2 weeks. We have failed to demonstrate a lasting benefit from plasma exchange therapy (PExT) in the treatment of two patients with idiopathic solar urticaria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-908.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Borrowing from museums and industry: two photoprotective devices (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 135 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07410.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Narrow-band UVB (TL-01) phototherapy: an effective preventative treatment for the photodermatoses (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 132 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Twenty patients with photodermatoses [actinic prurigo n=6), hydroa vacciniforme (n=4). idiopathic solar urticaria (n=1), amiodarone-induced photosensitivity (n=1) and a range of cutaneous porphyrias (n=8)] were treated with a ‘hardening’ course of narrow-band ultraviolet B (TL-01) phototherapy in springtime. The response to phototherapy was monitored subjectively, by interviewing patients after the summer, and objectively by monochromator phototesting, before and after phototherapy. Fifteen patients reported that treatment was worthwhile. Monochromator phototesting after phototherapy revealed a fourfold increase in the minimal erythema dose in those with abnormal photosensitivity to ultraviolet A wavebands. Adverse effects included erythema (seven patients), pruritus (five) and provocation of the eruption (four). We now routinely consider narrow-band UVB phototherapy for problem photodermatoses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb16955.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Methods to assess RAST results in patients exposed to chemical allergens (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 50 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: RAST is routinely used to assess the presence of IgE antibodies against environmental allergens in the sera of symptomatic patients. With exposure to low-mol.-mass (chemical) allergens, RAST is also done, but the interpretation of results is more difficult. A study was undertaken to assess methods which have been employed to determine the positivity of sera and to develop an objective, statistically based procedure for determination of RAST positivity to chemical allergens. Sera were obtained from 14 nonsensitized (control) subjects and examined for total IgE by radioimmunoassay, and for cyanuric chloride (CyCl)-specific IgE by RAST. Linear regression analysis revealed the correlation between the tests to be 0.94. Equations for the 95% and 99% predicted intervals were obtained. Sera from 19 cyanuric chloride workers were tested for total and specific IgE. Positivity of RAST results was determined by three methods: RAST inhibition, RAST ratio (binding to CyCl-human serum albumin (HSA) disks/HSA disks), and the regression equation where values outside the 99% predicted interval were considered to be positive and those ≥95%≤99%, were considered to be borderline values. Determination of CyCl RAST positivity by the regression method gave results comparable to those obtained from RAST inhibition, whereas the RAST ratio resulted in many more false positive conclusions. This statistical approach to RAST analysis was also used to assess sera from patients exposed to the unrelated chemical allergens, toluene diisocyanate and formaldehyde. Conclusions based on the regression method were in good agreement with those from RAST inhibition assay. Moreover, use of one standard curve may be sufficient for interpretation of RAST results for diverse haptenic allergens. These results indicate that the regression method provides a statistical basis from which to determine positivity of RAST analyses while eliminating the need for RAST inhibition assays.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb02482.x
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