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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1890-1899
  • Apomorphine  (1)
  • Coronary arteriosclerosis  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: CT ; Coronary disease ; Coronary arteriosclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To identify patients with increased risk of having coronary artery disease (CAD), electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) was used for years for quantifying calcifications of the coronary arteries. The first direct comparison between EBCT and conventional CT was performed to determine the reliability of widely available conventional CT for the assessment of the coronary calcium score. Fifty male patients with suspected CAD were investigated with both modalities, EBCT and conventional 500-ms non-spiral partial scan CT. Scoring of the coronary calcification was performed according to the Agatston method. Forty-two of these patients underwent coronary angiography for the assessment of significant luminal narrowing. The correlation coefficient of the score values of both modalities was highly significant (r = 0.982, p 〈 0.001). The variability between the two modalities was 42 %. Mean calcium score in patients with significant coronary luminal narrowing (n = 37) was 1104 ± 1089 with EBCT and 1229 ± 1327 with conventional CT. In patients without luminal narrowing (n = 5) mean calcium score was 73 ± 57 with EBCT and 26 ± 35 with conventional CT. Although images of the heart from conventional CT may suffer from cardiac motion artifacts, conventional CT has the potential to identify patients with CAD with accuracy similar to EBCT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-808X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Erektile Dysfunktion ; medikamentöse Therapie ; Phosphodiesterase ; Apomorphin ; Yohimbin ; PGE1 ; Key words Erectile dysfunction ; Medical therapy ; Phosphodiesterase ; Apomorphine ; Yohimbine ; PGE1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The medical treatment of erectile dysfunction includes the systemic (oral, epidermal, intramuscular) as well as the local (intracavernosal, intraurethral) application of pharma cological agents. Up to now only yohimbine, a well-known alpha-receptor blocking agent, and sildenafil, a newly introduced phosphodiesterase V inhibitor with predominant peripheral action, have been approved and listed in Germany. Other oral agents under investigation are trazodone and apomorphine (central action) as well as phentolamine (peripheral action). For the small group of patients with an established testosterone deficit, the epidermal or intramuscular substitution of testosterone seems to be a reasonable alternative to other therapeutic options. For the local application of pharmacological agents, intracavernosal injection therapy and intraurethral application (“medicated urethral system for erection”, MUSE) are available. Currently, several promising pharmacological agents with different modes of action and routes of administration are under investigation. The ultimate goal of these basic and clinical research efforts is to develop a specific and “tailored” therapy for each individual patient. While the pharmacological therapy of erectile dysfunction will most likely continue to be the therapeutic standard for most patients, it will certainly be augmented by devices (i. e. vacuum erection devices, “functional electromyostimulation of the corpus cavernosum”, FEMCC) and surgical treatment options (vascular and prosthetic surgery).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die medikamentöse Therapie der erektilen Dysfunktion umfaßt die systemische (orale, transkutane, intramuskuläre) sowie die lokale (intrakavernöse, intraurethrale) Applikation von Pharmaka. Die bisher einzigen in Deutschland zugelassenen oralen Substanzen sind das seit vielen Jahren bekannte Yohimbin, ein zentral wirksamer Alpharezeptorenblocker sowie das 1998 eingeführte Sildenafil, ein Phosphodiesterase-Isoenzym V Inhibitor mit überwiegend peripherem Wirkmechanismus. Weitere in der Entwicklung befindliche, orale Substanzen sind Trazodon und Apomorphin (zentraler Angriffspunkt) sowie Phentolamin (peripherer Ansatzpunkt). Für eine eher kleine Gruppe von Patienten mit Testosterondefizit besteht die Möglichkeit einer transkutanen oder intramuskulären Substitutionstherapie. Zur lokalen Applikation stehen sowohl die intrakavernöse (Schwellkörperautoinjektionstherapie-SKAT) als auch die die intraurethrale (MUSE) Anwendungsweise zur Verfügung. Zur Zeit befinden sich mehrere erfolgversprechende Substanzen mit unterschiedlichstem Wirkansatz und verschiedenen Darreichungsformen in der Entwicklung. Ziel dieser intensiven grundlagenwissenschaftlichen und klinischen Forschung ist eine patientenadaptierte, „maßgeschneiderte“ Therapie für den individuellen Patienten. Die pharmakologische Therapie der erektilen Dysfunktion wird auch künftig durch apparative (Vakuumpumpen, „Funktionelle Elektromyostimulation des Corpus cavernosum“-FEMCC) und operative (Gefäßchirurgie, Prothetik) Behandlungsstrategien ergänzt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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