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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Thoracoabdominal aortic dissection ; Gastrointestinal ischemia ; Diagnosis ; Therapy. ; Schlüsselwörter: Thoracoabdominale Aortendissektion ; gastrointestinale Ischämie ; Diagnostik ; Therapie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die Fehlbeurteilung und unzureichende Wiederherstellung einer initialen oder nach primär alloplastischem Gefäßersatz persistierenden Organischämie bei der akuten thoracoabdominalen Aortendissektion stellt unverändert einen gravierenden Morbiditäts- und Letalitätsfaktor dar. Die abdominale Aortenfensterung stellt ein operatives Verfahren dar, das sich primär an dem morphologischen Substrat der Aortendissektion und der Auswirkung auf die arterielle Perfusion der Abdominalorgane orientiert. Vorgestellt werden 5 konsekutive Patienten (4 Männer, 1 Frau) mit akuter thoracoabdominaler Aortendissektion (2 Typ-A-, 3 Typ-B-Dissektionen) und assoziierter intestinaler, renaler, spinaler und peripherer Organischämie. Anhand einer primären oder sekundären abdominalen Aortenfensterung war es in allen Fällen möglich, ein Organversagen zu verhindern. Im postoperativen Langzeitverlauf sind alle Patienten nach 3 Jahren beschwerdefrei und rehabilitiert. Sekundärkomplikationen traten nicht auf. Wenn nach primärem prothetischen Aortenersatz bei akuter Typ-A- oder Typ-B-Dissektion eine durch arterielle Malperfusion verursachte abdominale Organischämie weiter besteht oder neu auftritt, sollte die abdominale Aortenfensterung sekundär ohne Zeitaufschub erfolgen. Bei akuten Typ-B-Dissektionen muß die Aortenfensterung als primäres Verfahren in Erwägung gezogen werden, wenn ein durch Ischämie bedingtes Organversagen zum prognostisch bestimmenden Faktor wird.
    Notes: Summary. Intestinal, renal, spinal or peripheral arterial ischemia or failure of branch artery recanalization following initial prosthetic repair of thoracoabdominal aortic dissection is still a problem, with high morbidity and mortality. Five consecutive patients with acute thoracoabdominal aortic dissection (two type A dissections, three type B dissections) suffering from concomitant intestinal, renal, spinal and acute peripheral arterial ischemia are reported. Considering the anatomical and pathophysiological basis of thoracoabdominal aortic dissection and concomitant organ ischemia, the aortic fenestration procedure as a primary or secondary operative approach succeeded in restoring blood flow in all cases without complications. Assessment of the long-term results after 3 years revealed that all patients are doing well without any residual complaints. We conclude that in the case of persistent or secondary onset of aortic branch artery ischemia following initial prosthetic repair of either type A or type B dissection, aortic fenestration can be recommended immediately as a staged operative approach. Primary abdominal aortic fenestration is justified in acute type B dissection when end-organ ischemia becomes the focus of clinical deterioration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 78-84 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Keywords: Pneumonia ; Bronchoalveolar lavage ; Diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The bacterial index (BI) as defined by the sum of log10 colony-forming units (cfu) of microorganisms per milliliter of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, i.e., a multiplication of the single cfu/ml, has been used to distinguish between polymicrobial pneumonia (BI≥5) and colonization (BI〈5). Since many false-positive results are to be expected using this parameter, the diagnostic value of the BI was studied prospectively by obtaining bacteriologic cultures of BAL fluid in 165 consecutive unselected patients. In 27 cases the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia was established on clinical criteria. In 133 patients pneumonia could be excluded, and in five patients the diagnosis remained unclear. Using a cut-off of ≥105 cfu/ml BAL fluid, sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of pneumonia were 33% (9/27) and 99% (132/133), respectively. Sensitivity was mainly influenced by prior treatment with antibiotics, being 70% (7/10) in untreated and 12% (2/17) in treated patients. Applying the BI methodology at a cut-off of ≥ 5, however, resulted in an unacceptably high rate of 16 additional false-positive results, thus lowering the specificity to 87% (116/133;P〈0.0001) while increasing the sensitivity to only 41% (11/27;P=0.77). In conclusion, given the high rate of false-positive results, the methodology of the BI is of doubtful value for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia by BAL in an unselected patient group. By applying the absolute number of cfu/ml BAL fluid, however, positive bacteriologic cultures of BAL fluid are highly specific for the diagnosis of pneumonia. Their sensitivity is limited by previous antibiotic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 78-84 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Keywords: Key words Pneumonia ; Bronchoalveolar lavage ; Diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The bacterial index (BI) as defined by the sum of log10 colony-forming units (cfu) of microorganisms per milliliter of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, i.e., a multiplication of the single cfu/ml, has been used to distinguish between polymicrobial pneumonia (BI≥5) and colonization (BI〈5). Since many false-positive results are to be expected using this parameter, the diagnostic value of the BI was studied prospectively by obtaining bacteriologic cultures of BAL fluid in 165 consecutive unselected patients. In 27 cases the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia was established on clinical criteria. In 133 patients pneumonia could be excluded, and in five patients the diagnosis remained unclear. Using a cut-off of ≥105 cfu/ml BAL fluid, sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of pneumonia were 33% (9/27) and 99% (132/133), respectively. Sensitivity was mainly influenced by prior treatment with antibiotics, being 70% (7/10) in untreated and 12% (2/17) in treated patients. Applying the BI methodology at a cut-off of ≥5, however, resulted in an unacceptably high rate of 16 additional false-positive results, thus lowering the specificity to 87% (116/133;P〈0.0001) while increasing the sensitivity to only 41% (11/27;P=0.77). In conclusion, given the high rate of false-positive results, the methodology of the BI is of doubtful value for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia by BAL in an unselected patient group. By applying the absolute number of cfu/ml BAL fluid, however, positive bacteriologic cultures of BAL fluid are highly specific for the diagnosis of pneumonia. Their sensitivity is limited by previous antibiotic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
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