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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 16351-16356 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 1425-1434 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ground- and excited-state properties of both gas phase and crystalline ruthenocene, Ru(cp)2, are investigated using density functional theory. A symmetry-based technique is employed to calculate the energies of the multiplet splittings of the singly excited triplet states. For the crystalline system, a Buckingham potential is introduced to describe the intermolecular interactions between a given Ru(cp)2 molecule and its first shell of neighbors. The overall agreement between experimental and calculated ground- and excited-state properties is very good as far as absolute transition energies, the Stokes shift and the geometry of the excited states are concerned. An additional energy lowering in the 3B2 component of the 5a1′→4e1″ excited state is obtained when the pseudolinear geometry of Ru(cp)2 is relaxed along the low-frequency bending vibration. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Both genetic and environmental influences have been suggested to control the immunoglobulin (Ig)E response to allergens and, as a result, provide susceptibility to atopic disease. Two recent reports suggested that a major gene controlling basal IgE levels in humans was transmitted in a pattern consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance and was located on the long arm of chromosome 5 in the interleukin (IL)-4 gene complex.Objective The purpose of this report is to evaluate evidence for linkage of IgE with polymorphic genetic markers in the candidate region of 5q in four large pedigrees originally selected for studies of atopy.Method Four large, highly characterized pedigrees in which IgE levels had been determined and genotypes at markers in the 5q candidate region were evaluated using both lod score and sib pair methods of analysis.Results In these pedigrees, we reject close to moderate hnkage (up to 5 cM) of an IgE locus with markers on 5q.Conclusion The genetic aspects of IgE regulation and its role in atopy remain controversial. The data suggest that should major genes be involved in the inheritance of atopy susceptibility, they are likely to be multiple in number and likely to involve interaction with other (exogenous) environmental exposures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 41 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 375 (1995), S. 637-637 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Infants born to HIV-infected mothers acquire maternal antibody trans-placentally, rendering the interpretation of serological assays difficult. Secure diagnosis of perinatal infection should include investigation both of a maternal sample and of two or more infant ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 393 (1998), S. 769-771 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Optical fibres doped with lanthanide or transition-metal elements can serve as in-line lasers and amplifiers for fibre-optic telecommunications systems. In general, most such fibre lasers use conventional silica-glass fibres doped with erbium or neodymium. But silicon dioxide absorbs strongly ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Magnetresonanztomographie ; Diffusion ; Echo-planar ; Zerebrale Ischämie ; Key words MRI ; Diffusion ; Echo - planar ; Cerebral ischemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Magnetic resonance imaging represents today the most important tool in neuroradiology for both clinical pratice and research. MRI allows imaging of the human body in 2 or 3 dimensions with variable tissue contrast. The natural diffusion of tissue protons can now be used as a supplementary contrast mechanism. Different MRI techniques can be used to obtain clinically useful diffusion-weighted images. These techniques all require the use of strong gradient pulses in order to obtain the diffusion contrast. In the current article, the most important physical principles of diffusion measurement are presented. After a short introduction into the basic physical principles, we will present the prerequisites and limitations of clinically relevant applications today. Finally a few select examples of clinical use of these techniques in the acute diagnosis of stroke will be presented.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Kernspintomographie (Magnetresonanztomographie, MRT) ist das zentrale diagnostische Instrument der Neuroradiologie für die Routinediagnostik, aber auch für Fragestellungen, die Forschung und Lehre betreffen, geworden. Zu den bereits bekannten und erprobten MR-Bildkontrasten ist die Diffusion der Protonen als neuer zusätzlicher Kontrastmechanismus hinzugekommen. In letzter Zeit wurden verschiedene kernspintomographische Techniken beschrieben, die zur Diffusionsbildgebung herangezogen werden können. Dabei verlangen MR-Diffusionssequenzen den Einsatz starker Gradientenpulse, die den Diffusionskontrast erzeugen. Andere, weniger bekannte Techniken lassen sich aber auch auf MR-Geräten mit schwächeren Gradienten einsetzen. Untersuchungen die belegen, daß Art und Ausmaß eines Schlaganfalls mit der MR-Diffusionsbildgebung sehr früh mit hoher Sensitivität nachzuweisen ist, haben diese neue MR-Bildgebungstechnik in das Zentrum von Therapiestrategien für diese häufige Erkrankung gerückt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die wichtigsten physikalischen Grundlagen der MR-Diffusionsmessung vorgestellt. Die heute klinisch einsetzbaren Techniken, deren technische Voraussetzungen und Einschränkungen werden erläutert. Im abschließenden Teil wird die klinische Anwendung dieser neuen Bildgebungstechnik zur Diagnostik von akuten Hirninfarkten anhand einiger Beispiele beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Neutral networks ; Random graphs ; RNA secondary structures ; Zipf's law
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die globalen Benziehungen zwischen RNA-Sequenzen und Sekundärstrukturen werden als Abbildungen aus einem Raum aller Sequenzen in einen Raum aller Strukturen aufgefaßt. Diese Abbildungen werden durch Falten aller binären Sequenzen desGC-undAU-Alphabets mit Kettenlängen bis zun=30 untersucht. Die berechneten Strukturdaten werden durch vollständiges Abzählen ausgewertet und als eine exakte Referenz zum Überprüfen analytischer Resultate aus mathematischen Modellen sowie zum Testen statistisch erhobener Proben verwendet. Einige neuartige Konzepte zur Beschreibung der Beziehungen zwischen Sequenzen und Strukturen werden eingehend untersucht, unter ihnen der Begriff derneutralen Netzwerke. Ein neutrales Netzwerk besteht aus allen Sequenzen, die eine bestimmte Struktur ausbilden. Vollständiges Abzählen ermöglicht beispielsweise die Bestimmung aller Strukturen minimaler freier Energie in Abhängigkeit von der Kettenlänge ebenso wie die Bestimmung der Häufigkeitsverteilungen der Strukturen bei konstanten Kettenlängen. Die letzteren folgen einer verallgemeinerten FormZipfschen Gesetzes.
    Notes: Summary Global relations between RNA sequences and secondary structures are understood as mappings from sequence space into shape space. These mappings are investigated by exhaustive folding of allGC andAU sequences with chain lengths up to 30. The computed structural data are evaluated through exhaustive enumeration and used as an exact reference for testing analytical results derived from mathematical models and sampling based on statistical methods. Several new concepts of RNA sequence to secondary structure mappings are investigated, among them that ofneutral networks (being sets of sequences folding into the same structure). Exhaustive enumeration allows to test several previously suggested relations: the number of (minimum free energy) secondary structures as a function of the chain length as well as the frequency distribution of structures at constant chain length (commonly resulting in generalized forms ofZipf's law).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Neutral networks ; Percolation of sequence space ; RNA folding ; RNA secondary structures ; Shape space covering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Beziehungen zwischen RNA-Sequenzen und ihren Sekundärstrukturen werden durch vollständiges Falten allerGC- undAU-Sequenzen mit Kettenlängen bis zun=30 untersucht. Die aus der Informatik bekannte Technik derTries wird zur ökonomischen Datenspeicherung und für rasches Retrieval der gespeicherten Information angewendet. Die berechneten Strukturdaten werden durch vollständiges Abzählen ausgewertet. Sie dienen unter anderem als eine exakte Referenz zum Testen analytischer Resultate aus mathematischen Modellen sowie zur Überprüfung der Ergebnisse statistischer Probennahmen. Verschiedene neuartige Konzepte zur Behandlung der Zusammenhänge zwischen RNA-Sequenzen und Sekundärstrukturen wurden anhand der gewonnenen Daten eingehend untersucht. Unter ihnen befinden sich die Struktur derneutralen Netzwerke (die Gesamtheit der RNA-Sequenzen, die eine bestimmte Struktur ausbilden), diePerkolation des Sequenzraumes durch neutrale Netzwerke sowie das Prinzip derErfassung des Strukturraumes durch einen kleinen Ausschnitt des Sequenzraumes. Die durch vollständiges Abzählen erhaltenen Daten werden mit den analytischen Ergebnissen eines auf der Theorie der Zufallsgraphen aufbauenden Modells verglichen. Dieses Modell gibt die generischen Eigenschaften von Sequenz-Struktur-Relationen wieder, welche lediglich aus der Existenz einer Paarungslogik resultieren. Differenzen zwischen den numerischen und den analytischen Resultaten können als Konsequenzen der spezifischen biophysikalischen Eigenschaften von RNA-Molekülen interpretiert werden.
    Notes: Summary The relations between RNA sequences and secondary structures are investigated by exhaustive folding of allGC andAU sequences with chain lengths up to 30. The technique oftries is used for economic data storage and fast retrieval of information. The computed structural data are evaluated through exhaustive enumeration and used as an exact reference for testing analytical results derived from mathematical models and sampling based on statistical methods. Several new concepts of RNA sequence to secondary structure mappings are investigated, among them the structure ofneutral networks (being sets of RNA sequences folding into the same structure),percolation of sequence space by neutral networks, and the principle ofshape space covering. The data of exhaustive enumeration are compared to the analytical results of arandom graph model that reveals the generic properties of sequence to structure mappings based on some base pairing logic. The differences between the numerical and the analytical results are interpreted in terms of specific biophysical properties of RNA molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 49 (1999), S. 823-832 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of n- and p-type Al x Ga1−x As (x 〉 0.42) grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) and liquid phase epitaxy show typically a broad PL band (BB) centered about 300 meV below the near band-gap PL lines. In the MOVPE grown samples the BB is composed out of four lines. The BB intensity increases with the doping level and dominates the spectrum at concentrations 〉 1017 cm−3. The temperature dependence of the BB intensity shows two distinct maxima at ≍ 19 K and ≍ 80 K. Hydrogenation of MOVPE grown samples at 170°C reveal an effective passivation of the shallow acceptors and the centers associated with the BB line. On the contrary hydrogenation at temperatures 〉 250°C leads to an increase in the BB intensity which is related with the evaporation of As from the surface and the generation of VAs in the layers at these temperatures. Our results suggest that the BB is related with isoelectronic centers formed when VAs and CAs or SiAs associate to form next nearest neighbor ion pairs. The PL is then due to a recombination of excitons in analogy to the case of (Zn,O) isoelectronic complexes in GaP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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