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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on purine enzymes in experimental colitis (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 194 (1999), S. 17-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: acetic acid-induced colitis ; inflammatory bowel disease ; myeloperoxidase ; adenosine deaminase ; adenylate deaminase ; purine nucleside phosphorylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although the role of adenosine deaminase (ADA), adenylate deaminase (AMP-DA), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) is well documented in gastric and intestinal carcinoma, their role in inflammatory bowel diseases remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the profile of these enzymes in blood and intestinal tissues during colitis. Colitis induced in Wistar rats by acetic acid was monitored by a marker enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO). The tissue levels of MPO increased on 1, 2, 5 and 6 days post-administration (PA) of acetic acid and declined to the control levels by day 7 PA. In parallel the blood levels of ADA and AMP-DA decreased on days 1, 2 and 5 without any significant change on days 6 and 7 PA. Similar observations were recorded for these enzymes in the cytosolic extracts of colonic tissue specimens. In contrast, PNP remained unaltered in both blood and tissue samples. These findings suggest an inverse-relationship between inflammation and purine deaminases in both blood and tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006884023575
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of high-temperature alloys (superalloys) at elevated temperatures in air. II (1995)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 43 (1995), S. 363-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: superalloys ; UHBA 25L ; Sanicro 28 ; Inconel 690 ; air oxidation ; reaction kinetics ; oxide-scale morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In continuation of previous work, the oxidation behavior of three more alloys, namely UHBA 25L, Sanicro 28, and Inconel 690, was studied at high temperatures (600 to 1200°C). The oxidation kinetics of UHBA 25L and Sanicro 28 followed the parabolic-rate law at 800 and 1000°C. At 600°C oxidation rates were very low, while at 1200° C the parabolic-rate law was initially observed, followed by “breakaway.” Both alloys suffered extensive spalling at all temperatures, despite their high Cr contents of about 25% and 27%, respectively. This is atrributed to significant amounts of Mn present. Sanicro 28, with higher Cr, suffered an early breakaway at 1200°C because of the presence of Mo, which forms a low-melting oxide. Inconel 690 showed mixed behavior at 600 and 800°C, parabolic at 1000°C and cubic at 1200°C. Inconel 690 and Incoloy 800H gave the best overall performance for the range of temperature and exposure time under study. This may be ascribed to the absence of Mo, the presence of small amounts of Ti and Al, and relatively small amount of Mn in these alloys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01047036
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accumulation of a sulphur-rich seed albumin from sunflower in the leaves of transgenic subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 5 (1996), S. 179-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: transgenic subterranean clover ; seed protein gene ; leaf expression ; sulphur-rich protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A gene encoding a sulphur-rich, sunflower seed albumin (23% cysteine plus methionine) was modified to contain the promoter for the 35S RNA of cauliflower mosaic virus, in order to obtain leaf expression in transgenic plants. In addition, a sequence encoding an endoplasmic reticulum-retention signal was added to the 3′ end of the coding region so as to stabilize the protein by diverting it away from the vacuole. The modified gene was introduced into subterranean clover (T. subterraneum L.) and its expression was detected by northern and western blots and by immunogold localization. The albumin was accumulated in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, and, among six independent, transformed lines, it accumulated in the leaves of T0 transgenic plants at varying levels up to 0.3% of the total extractable protein. The level of accumulation of the sunflower albumin increased with increasing leaf age, and in the older leaves of the most highly expressing plants of the T1 generation it reached 1.3% of total extractable protein. Expression of the SSA gene was stable in the first and second generation progeny. These results indicate that there is potential for significantly improving the nutritional value of subterranean clover for ruminant animals such as sheep by expressing genes that code for sulphur-rich, rumen-stable proteins in leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01969707
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solubilities of pyruvic acid and the lower (C1-C6) carboxylic acids. Experimental determination of equilibrium vapour pressures above pure aqueous and salt solutions (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 22 (1995), S. 285-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Henry's law ; solubility ; removal ; salt effect ; formic acid ; acetic acid ; propionic acid ; n-butyric acid ; isobutyric acid ; n-valeric acid ; isovaleric acid ; neovaleric acid ; n-caproic acid ; pyruvic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Henry's law constantsK′ H (mol kg−1 atm−1) have been determined at 298.15 K for the following organic acids: formic acid (5.53±0.27×103); acetic acid (5.50±0.29×103); propionic acid (5.71±0.34×103);n-butyric acid (4.73±0.18×103); isobutyric acid (1.13±0.12×103); isovaleric acid (1.20±0.11×103) and neovaleric acid (0.353±0.04×103). They have also been determined fromT=278.15 K toT=308.15 K forn-valeric acid (ln(K′ H)=−14.3371+6582.96/T);n-caproic acid (ln(K′ H)=−13.9424+6303.73/T) and pyruvic acid (ln(K′ H)=−4.41706+5087.92/T). The influence of 9 salts on the solubility of pyruvic acid at 298.15 K has been measured. Pyruvic acid is soluble enough to partition strongly into aqueous atmospheric aerosols. Other acids require around 1 g of liquid water m−3 (typical of clouds) to partition significantly into the aqueous phase. The degree of partitioning is sensitive to temperature. Considering solubility and dissociation (to formate) alone, the ratio of formic acid to acetic acid in liquid water in the atmosphere (at equilibrium with the gas phase acids) is expected to increase with rising pH, but show little variation with temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696639
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Basis of Altered Contractility in Experimental Colitis Expression of L-Type Calcium Channel (1999)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 44 (1999), S. 1525-1530 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: COLITIS ; CHANNEL ; CALCIUM ; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE ; DIARRHEA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Colitis in experimental animals or idiopathicinflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitisor Crohn's disease in humans, is associated with reducedmuscle contraction. This is predicted to be due to disturbance of Ca2+homeostasis in the inflamed muscle cell. However, theunderlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated.Since the catalytic α-1 subunit of the L-typeCa2+ channel regulates Ca2+ influx, levels of the α-1mRNA and protein were examined. Colitis induced byintrarectal administration of trinitrobenzenesulfonicacid was monitored by measuring the myeloperoxidaseactivity and histology. The levels of mRNA and protein wereestimated using RT-PCR and immunoblotting.Myeloperoxidase activity increased in the inflamedcolon, and the lamina propria and muscle layers showedinfiltration of inflammatory cells and loss of crypts. Twoalternatively spliced α-1 mRNA isoforms weredetected in the colonic muscle. The ratio of unsplicedto spliced mRNA isoforms remained unaltered in inflamed muscle. In contrast, the level of correspondingprotein isozymes decreased in the colitic animals. Thuscolitis-induced reduction in the α-1 protein mayaccount for the reduced colonic contractility seen in colitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026694406446
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation ofPodophyllum lignans by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) (1999)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 49 (1999), S. 552-556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Micellar electrokinetic chromatography ; Lignans ; Podophyllum peltatum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Separation of the mainPodophyllum lignans by MECC has been achieved using a phosphate-borate buffer system with the pH of 7.25, containing 25 mM SDS and 15% methanol. Optimum temperature and voltage were found to be 35°C and 20kV, respectively, UV-detection was performed at 220 nm. The method was successfully used to analyse different samples ofPodophyllum peltatum collected in the southern USA, and showed great qualitative and quantitative variations among these populations. The quantitative MECC results for podophyllotoxin were in good agreement to those obtained by HPLC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02467758
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