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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 833-835 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental observation of transitions between discrete longitudinal wave modes in a dc neon glow discharge is reported. Experimental findings concerning the pattern selecting instability agree with observations of the Eckhaus instability in fluid systems. This is supported by theoretical considerations of a model equation (Complex Ginzburg–Landau equation) based on a fluid model. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 20 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The leaf apoplast is a site of preferential accumulation of heavy metals in the shoot when barley seedlings are grown in the presence of cadmium, nickel or zinc in hydroponic medium. It was shown recently that apoplastic protein content increased concomitantly in plants grown in the presence of high Zn (Brune et al. 1994, Journal Experimental Botany 45, 1189). Here it is demonstrated that apoplastic proteins increase to an even greater extent in Ni-treated plants, and that the response is intermediate for Cd-treated plants. The paper focuses on possible causes for the increase in apoplastic proteins. (1) Synthesis of cell wall proteins was studied by in vivo pulse labelling of leaf proteins with 35S methionine followed by extraction of extracellular polypeptides. Depending on growth conditions and leaf age, 1–6% of the protein synthesized de novo in the leaf was allocated to the extractable protein fraction of the leaf apoplast. Under control conditions, labelling reached its maximum after 2 h; labelling continued to rise in Ni-treated plants, where the maximum level of final labelling was reached only after several hours. Labelling decreased with leaf age and increased proportionally with Ni concentration in the nutrient solution. (2) Autolysis experiments on extracted apoplastic proteins and in situ digestion of infiltrated ovalbumin revealed a low proteolytic activity in the apoplast which was not altered in heavy metal-treated leaves. (3) Following a sudden application of Ni to the growth medium, protein content and peroxidase activity increased with a 48 h delay and approached the level obtained for continuously Ni-treated plants, even in previously fully expanded leaf tissue. It is concluded that altered cell wall structure is probably not involved in increasing the extraction yield of apoplastic proteins. (4) The increase in extractable apoplastic proteins was also not due to inhibited ionical or covalent immobilization of proteins in the cell wall matrix of heavy metal-challenged plants. (5) Northern blotting revealed heavy metalinduced upregulation of mRNA levels of selected apoplastic proteins. Taken together, the data provide evidence for a transcriptional or translational level of regulation as the main cause of the strong response of apoplastic proteins to heavy metal stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: bcl-2 ; Lymphocyte subsets ; Synovial inflammation ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Germinal center
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We used a double-immunostaining technique to analyze the distribution of bcl-2+ B and T lymphocytes within the synovial membranes (SM) of 13 patients with rheumatic diseases: 11 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and 1 with osteoarthritis (OA). A high proportion (up to 50%) of the lymphocytes belonged to the B cell subset. Most of both T and B lymphocytes were positive for the bcl-2 protein. In germinal centers B lymphocytes were also negative for bcl-2 protein expression, comparable to the situation in germinal centers of secondary lymphatic organs. We conclude that bcl-2+ B lymphocytes are submitted to antigen selection in the inflamed SMs while bcl-2+ protein expression provides survival signals for their persistence in the infiltrates. The expression of bel-2 may be an important factor in protecting lymphocytes in SM from apoptosis by glucocorticoids, cytostatic drugs, and irradiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Notfall + Rettungsmedizin 2 (1999), S. 496-499 
    ISSN: 1436-0578
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Die anhaltenden Forderungen nach mehr Wirtschaftlichkeit, Kostensenkung bzw. -begrenzung sowie nach einem adäquaten Qualitätsmanagement im Gesundheitswesen erfordern auch für den Rettungsdienst eine solide empirische Datenbasis. Aktuelle empirische Struktur- und Einsatzdaten sind eine notwendige Voraussetzung, um den Rettungsdienst langfristig optimieren zu können. Vor diesem Hintergrund führt das Institut für Rettungsdienst bereits seit langem Studien zu verschiedenen Aspekten der präklinischen (Notfall-)Versorgung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland durch. Setzt man die einzelnen Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen miteinander in Verbindung, so ergibt sich ein vielschichtiges Bild, das deutliche Unterschiede, Schwachstellen, aber auch eindeutige Optimierungspotentiale innerhalb des Gesamtsystems aufzeigt und wesentliche Handlungskonsequenzen nahelegt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 17 (1997), S. 127-130 
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Aspergillosis ; Opportunistic infections ; Pancytopenia ; Systemic lupus erythematosus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report on the case of a 25-year-old female with severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with pancytopenia, fever, arthralgia and abdominal pain. After antibiotic treatment, the patient was afebrile for 3 days before her temperature rose again. Dyspnoea and cough pointed towards pneumonia which was confirmed by X-ray. Different antibiotics and the antimycotic agent fluconazol were given. The lupus flare was treated with high-dose prednisolone. After a couple of days, the dyspnoea increased and mechanical ventilation became necessary. Bronchoscopy and transbronchial biopsy revealed the diagnosis of invasive aspergilloses. Despite of an immediate treatment with amphotericin B, the patient died because of respiratory insufficiency. The literature on aspergillosis in SLE is reviewed and prophylactic, diagnostic and therapeutic options are discussed for this infectious complication which has an 80% mortality in patients with SLE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy ; Identification of the recurrent laryngeal nerve ; Thyroidectomy ; Postoperative complications ; Surgical technique. ; Schlüsselwörter: Recurrensparese ; Darstellung des N. recurrens ; Schilddrüsenresektion ; postoperative Komplikationen ; chirurgische Technik.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Um die Frage nach der Notwendigkeit der operativen Darstellung des N. recurrens anläßlich der Resektion der endemischen Knotenstruma zu überprüfen, wurden prospektiv aus 800 konsekutiv resezierten Schilddrüsenlappen streng zufällig 2 Gruppen gebildet. In Gruppe I mit 387 (48,4 %) resezierten Lappen wurde der N. recurrens nie dargestellt, in Gruppe II mit 413 (51,6 %) resezierten Lappen wurde der N. recurrens immer dargestellt. Die Operationstechnik war standardisiert. Besondere Beachtung fand dabei die vordere Grenzlamelle. Alle Patienten wurde prä- und postoperativ laryngoskopiert. Insgesamt kam es zu 4 (0,5 %) transienten Recurrensparesen, 2 in Gruppe I und 2 in Gruppe II. Alle 4 Recurrensparesen haben sich – laryngoskopisch kontrolliert – innerhalb von 4 Monaten zurückgebildet. Das entspricht einer Rückbildungsquote von 100 %. Ein operationstaktischer Vorteil der Routinedarstellung des N. recurrens vor der Resektion der endemischen Knotenstruma ist mit den vorliegenden Daten nicht zu sichern. Die Forderung nach obligater Darstellung des Nerven bei dieser Indikation ist somit nicht haltbar.
    Notes: Summary. It was the purpose of this study to establish whether it is necessary to identify the recurrent laryngeal nerve intraoperatively when resecting the endemic nodular goiter. We prospectively formed two groups from 800 subtotal unilateral resections (“nerves at risk”). In group I (382 subtotal resections, 48.4 %) the nerve was not identified intraoperatively. In group II (413 subtotal resections, 51.6 %) the recurrent laryngeal nerve was routinely identified in all cases. The operative technique was standardized, giving special attention to the “anterior lamella”. For all patients, preoperative and postoperative evaluation of the vocal cords was performed routinely. Altogether we saw 4 (0.5 %) transient vocal cord palsies: 2 in group I and 2 in group II. All 4 laryngeal nerve palsies recovered within 4 months. These data demonstrate that no benefit is gained from routine dissection of the laryngeal nerve during resection of endemic nodular goiter. Therefore the demand for obligatory intraoperative identification of the recurrent nerve is not tenable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter HHV-6-Hodgkin-Lymphom ; Kikuchi-Lymphadenitis ; Onkogene ; Antionkogene ; Apoptose ; Key words HHV-6-Hodgkin's disease ; Kikuchi lymphadenitis ; Oncogens ; Antioncogenes ; Apoptosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary HHV-6 infected immature T (HSB 2) and Hodgkin (HDLM 2) cells and biopsy tissues from lymph nodes of patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and Kikuchi lymphadenitis (KL) were studied immunohistologically for virus antigen expression and for the oncogene/anti-oncogene products ras, bcl-2 and p 53. Cell proliferation and cell death were tentatively monitored in tissue culture by PCNA staining, by viability testing and in situ end labeling of fragmented DNA. PCNA was also used in biopsy samples. KL is characterized by high incidences of focal cell death (i. e. histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis), while HD is apparently more a proliferative disease. The techniques used revealed no significant differences in the cellular expression of viral DNA or antigens among cell lines, HD or KL. The HDLM 2 cell line with the superior survival after HHV-6 infection showed a significantly lower expression of p 53 and PCNA than HSB 2 cells. Biopsy samples from patients with KL did not express p 53, and ras and PCNA were observed in fewer cells than in HD. Bcl-2, however, was significantly more frequently seen than in HD. The interpretation of the data is difficult; they suggest that there are additional regulatory influences in control of cell proliferation and cell death, such as cytokines and growth factors, which are altered after viral infection. Also, virus-induced cell death probably includes other mechanisms besides apoptosis, such as cell damage caused by oxygen radicals.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung HHV-6-infizierte Zellkulturlinien (HSB 2 T-Zellen; HDLM 2-Hodgkin-Zellen) sowie Biopsieproben von HHV-6-positiven Hodgkin(HD)- und Kikuchi-Lymphomen (KL) wurden immunhistologisch auf eine Expression der Genprodukte ras, bcl-2 und p 53 untersucht und die Ergebnisse korreliert mit Markern der Zellproliferation und mit Zeichen apoptotischen Zelltods. Die Ergebnisse der Zellkulturuntersuchungen sind eingeschränkt beurteilbar, da etablierte Zellinien bereits transformiert sind. Dennoch zeigen die Zellen mit geringerer Apoptoserate (HDLM 2) eine 10 fach geringere p 53-Expression und eine um die Hälfte verminderte PCNA-Anfärbung der Zellen. In den Biopsien des stärker nekrotisierenden KL war lediglich 1/6 bis 1/20 der ras-Expression des HD nachweisbar, p 53 fehlte gänzlich, während bcl-2 deutlich gegenüber dem HD gesteigert war. PCNA-positive Zellen waren beim HD etwa 3 mal so häufig, wie beim KL. Es fanden sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Virus-DNS oder Antigenexpression bei den verschiedenen untersuchten Zellen. Die Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, daß weitere exogene Faktoren wie Zytokine und Wachstumsfaktoren in den Regelmechanismus für virusinduzierte Zellproliferation und Apoptose eingreifen, und daß neben der Apoptose andere Formen der viralen Zellyse vorkommen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Humanes Herpesvirus 7 ; Durchseuchung ; Blutspender ; Key words Human herpesvirus 7 ; Antibody prevalence ; Blood donors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) has been recently isolated from CD 4-positive peripheral blood lymphocytes of a healthy person. The present study was performed to find the antibody prevalence of this virus in the healthy Mexican population. Two hundred blood samples from candidates for blood donation at the General Hospital of Mexico were studied with the indirect immunofluorescence test (IFA) in HHV-7 infected SupT 1 cells. 83.5 % were male persons and 16.5 % female, the mean age for the male group was 28.8 years and for the female group 31.5. The donors came from 12 different states in Mexico, predominantly from the city (60.8 %), and had different occupations. Almost all samples (98.5 %) were positive to HHV-7. Other studies done revealed 1 % positive to brucella, 1 % positive to Hepatitis B, 2 % positive to syphilis, hepatitis C and HIV test were negative in the whole group studied. There was a high incidence of HHV-7 in the group studied: more then 50 % of the subject had high titers. This results should be further studied determine titers indicative of an active infection and to search for any association with illnesses.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Humanes Herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) wurde 1992 aus CD 4-positiven peripheren Blutzellen einer gesunden Kontrollperson isoliert. Die vorliegende Studie beschreibt das Vorkommen von Antikörpern gegen HHV-7 in einer gesunden mexikanischen Population von Blutspendern. Zweihundert Blutproben von gesunden Blutspendern am Allgemeinen Krankenhaus in Mexico City wurden untersucht mittels indirekter Immunfluoreszenz an HHV-7-infizierten SupT 1-Zellkulturzellen. 83,5 % der untersuchten Probanden waren männlich, 16,5 % weiblich. Das Durchschnittsalter der männlichen Gruppe betrug 28,8 Jahre, das der weiblichen Gruppe 31,5 Jahre. Die Blutspender stammten aus 12 verschiedenen Staaten Mexikos, überwiegend jedoch aus Mexico City (60,8 %) und kamen aus unterschiedlichen Berufsgruppen. Fast alle Proben (98,5 %) waren HHV-7-positiv. Zusätzliche Untersuchungen ergaben 1 % positive Ergebnisse für Hepatitis B, 2 % für Syphilis und 1 % für Brucella, Hepatitis C und HIV-Untersuchungen waren in der kompletten Studiengruppe negativ. Es ergab sich eine hohe Inzidenz für HHV-7 in der Studiengruppe, mehr als 50 % zeigten hohe Titer. Diese Ergebnisse sollten in weiteren Studien überprüft werden bzgl. der Indikationsstellung einer aktiven Infektion und des Zusammenhangs mit bestimmten Erkrankungen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Plasmozytom ; Zerebrum ; Kleinhirn ; Intrakraniell ; Solitäres ossäres Plasmozytom ; Key words Plasmacytoma ; Cerebrum ; Cerebellum ; Intracranial ; Solitary plasmacytoma of bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Plasmacytomas can be divided into multiple, solitary osseous and solitary extraosseous/extramedullary plasmacytomas. Intracranial plasmacytomas of the dura, leptomeninx and cerebrum are well known from the literature. They are manifestations of multiple myeloma, intracranial extramedullary plasmacytoma or metastatic disease of extramedullary plasmacytoma in distant locations. We describe a cerebellar manifestation of a solitary plasmacytoma of the bone, and a leptomeningeal carcinomatosis of a multiple plasmacytoma. A summary of the literature concerning intracranial plasmacytomas is given. Dural manifestations of plasmacytoma have the same features as meningiomas in CT or MRI. Cerebral or cerebellar manifestations cannot be differentiated from brain tumors by means of CT or MRI. In CT, plasmacytomas show high-density lesions. T2w-MRI reveals a low-intensity lesion. In T1w-MRI, intense homogeneous contrast enhancement can be demonstrated.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Plasmozytome manifestieren sich diffus oder solitär. Solitäre Plasmozytome werden nach Lokalisation, klinischem Verlauf und Prognose in solitär ossäre (SOP) und solitär extraossäre/extramedulläre (EMP) Plasmozytome eingeteilt. Intrakranielle Manifestationen an Dura, Leptomeninx und Gehirn wurden beim diffusen Plasmozytom, als primäres EMP im Gehirn und als zerebrale Manifestation eines EMP in anderer Lokalisation beschrieben. Wir berichten exemplarisch über eine Patientin mit einer Gehirnmanifestation SOP und eine Patientin mit leptomingealer Manifestation eines diffusen Plasmozytoms. Die Fälle werden anhand einer Literaturübersicht eingeordnet. In CT und MRT verhalten sich durale Manifestationen wie Meningeome, parenchymatöse Manifestationen wie primäre Hirntumoren. Hinweisend ist eine hyperdense Darstellung im nativen CT-Bild, eine hypointense Struktur im T2-gewichteten MRT-Bild und eine homogene, kräftige Kontrastanreicherung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words CYP1B1 ; Light-Cycler
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a rapid assay for genotyping of CYP1B1 codon 432-polymorphism. The described method is a single tube assay and combines both rapid-cycle polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with real-time monitoring by amplification and generation of the melting profiles of an allele-specific fluorescent probe. With this method 300 samples were analysed from healthy, unrelated Germans. Genotype frequency determined for the mutated allele CYP1B1*2 was 0.40. The results show that genotyping of CYP1B1 codon 432-polymorphism with a real-time fluorescence PCR method is a rapid and reliable assay for the analysis of large numbers of samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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