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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 402 (1999), S. 769-777 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) is an important model for identifying plant genes and determining their function. To assist biological investigations and to define chromosome structure, a coordinated effort to sequence the Arabidopsis genome was initiated in late 1996. Here we ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/47134
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron impact induced fragmentation of aromatic N-alkoxy-imines I. Ring closure in (M-CH2O)+• ions by intramolecular aromatic substitution (1997)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 128 (1997), S. 659-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: N-Alkoxybenzaldimines ; Electron impact ionization ; Distonic ions ; Ring closure ; Homolytic aromatic substitution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung N-Butoxy- und N-Propoxy-imine auso-,m-, undp-substituierten Benzaldehyden (X=F, Cl, Br, I) zersetzen sich unter Elektronenbeschuß durch Verlust von C n H2n zu den entsprechenden Aldoximen. In einer Konkurrenzreaktion entstehen über 1,5-distonische Radikalkationen durch Abspaltung von CH2O 1,3-distonische Ionen, die im Verlauf einer homolytischen aromatischen Substitution H2022 und/oder ein Halogenatom eliminieren, wodurch cyclische (M-CH2O-H•)+-oder (M-CH2O-X •)+-Ionen gebildet werden.
    Notes: Summary N-Butoxy- and N-propoxy-imines derived fromo-,m-, andp-substituted benzaldehydes (X = F, Cl, Br, I) decompose upon electron impact to the respective aldoximes by loss of C n H2n and competitivelyvia 1,5-distonic radical cations by loss of CH2O to 1,3-distonic ions which eliminate H• and/or a halogen atom in the course of homolytic aromatic substitution, giving rise to cyclic (M-CH2O-H•)+ or (M-CH2O-X •)+ ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807597
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of reprocessing activities through stable isotope measurements of atmospheric noble gases (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 358 (1997), S. 533-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Noble gas stable isotope abundance measurements may provide a tool for detecting reprocessing activities of nuclear fuels. An approach has been made by carrying out blending calculations of released fission xenon and krypton in air using the Isotope Mixture Programs which have been developed at the IRMM. After having obtained a reliable approximation to the expected range of the isotope ratios in the blends and the respective detection limit thereof through these calculations, the potential application of ultra-accurate measurements of the isotopic composition of anthropogenic and atmospheric noble gases is taken into consideration. Also the important role of radiometric measurements of 85Kr and 133Xe for the detection of nuclear fuel reprocessing is taken into account. The information provided by such activity measurements is limited, therefore a method to calculate the initial isotopic composition of released fission noble gases, through measuring of their atmospheric mixing ratio, is presented and discussed. Highly accurate stable isotopic measurements of atmospheric noble gases might provide more detailed information on the “history” of the reprocessed nuclear fuel. Therefore they could serve, in combination with radiometric detection techniques, as an excellent tool for the identification of reprocessing activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050461
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and certification of new thorium isotopic reference materials (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 361 (1998), S. 400-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Preparation of two Isotopic Reference Materials of thorium has been performed, starting from highly enriched 232Th (99.99%) and 230Th (99.8%). After full characterization (chemical and isotopic) of these purified base materials the thorium nitrate was transformed to thorium dioxide. Accurately weighed amounts of the two isotopes in the dioxide form were subsequently dissolved in nitric acid and resulted in solutions with amount ratios n(230Th)/n(232Th) close to 10–5 (IRMM-035) and 3 · 10–6 (IRMM-036). These gravimetrically prepared ratios were finally verified by means of Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS). The purpose of the Reference Materials is to calibrate thorium isotope amount ratio measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050914
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gibt es eine gesicherte Immuntherapie bei der Sepsis? (1997)
    Springer
    Der Internist 38 (1997), S. 541-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schock ; septischer ; Schock ; Therapie ; Endotoxine ; Zytokine ; Immunmodulation ; Therapie ; Immunmodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zum Thema Der klinische Verlauf des septischen Schocks, der auch heute noch mit einer extremen Letalität von 40–80% einhergeht, läßt sich im pathogenetischen Verlauf vereinfachend in 3 Stadien einteilen: (1.) Einschwemmung von Keimen und Toxinen, (2.) Zytokinfreisetzung und (3.) Aktivierung sekundärer Mediatorsysteme und damit verbundene Mikrozirkulationsstörung sowie Zellschädigung. Daß die Sepsisinzidenz ständig zunimmt, wird erklärt mit der immer weiter verbreiteten Keimeinschwemmung durch invasivere therapeutische und diagnostische Maßnahmen, mit der steigenden Anzahl von chronisch kranken Patienten und mit der zunehmenden Verbreitung immunsuppressiver Behandlungsformen. Die bessere Beherrschung der initialen Sepsisphase durch organ- und kreislaufsupportive Maßnahmen läßt mehr Patienten das kritische Frühstadium überstehen und in ein protrahiertes Bild übergehen – das „chronische Sepsissyndrom”. In dieser ausführlichen Übersicht werden eingehend und kritisch die immunmodulierenden Therapiekonzepte dargelegt, mittels derer man den Sepsisverlauf mit der kaskadenartigen Ausschüttung von Endotoxin, Zytokinen und anderen Mediatorsubstanzen zu beeinflussen versucht. Die vorgelegten Ergebnisse, ob in der klinischen Anwendung erfolgreich oder nicht, tragen viel zum Verständnis des Pathogenese des septischen Schocks bei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00002644
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiopulmonary responses to experimental venous carbon dioxide embolism (1998)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 1025 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopy — Venous CO2 embolism — Hypoxemia — Hypotension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Although the low-flow CO2 insufflation rate used to initiate pneumoperitoneum may reduce the severity of potential venous embolism, its safety is not established. Methods: Anesthetized pigs were ventilated with room air at a fixed minute ventilation. After 1 h of baseline, they were intravenously infused with CO2 at the rate of 0.3, 0.75, or 1.2 ml/kg/min for 2 h (n = 5 for each group), followed by 1 h of recovery. Results: All animals experienced pulmonary hypertension, depressed stroke volume, hypoxemia, hypercarbia, and acidemia during intravenous CO2 infusion. They had systemic hypertension at the low rate and hypotension at the highest rate of infusion. End-tidal CO2 levels briefly decreased, then increased in all cases. In the highest rate group, three of the five animals (60%) died at 50, 65, and 100 min of infusion. These three animals had severe hypotension and hypoxemia, with visible coronary gas embolism. There was no patent foramen ovale at necropsy in any animals. Conclusions: The low-flow insufflation rate exceeds the fatal rate of continuous intravenous CO2 infusion. End-tidal CO2 levels were increased in venous CO2 embolism, not decreased as seen in venous air embolism. Severe hypoxemia and hypotension are predictors of potentially fatal cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900773
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of the MQoL-HIV with asymptomatic HIV-positive patients (1997)
    Springer
    Quality of life research 6 (1997), S. 555-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2649
    Keywords: Quality of life ; HIV ; responsiveness ; questionnaire ; MOS SF-20.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriateness of the recently developed Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for HIV/AIDS (MQoL-HIV) as a measure of quality of life (QoL) in cases of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The MQoL-HIV is a 40-item instrument measuring ten domains (mental health, physical health, physical functioning, social functioning, social support, cognitive functioning, financial status, partner intimacy, sexual functioning and medical care) relevant to HIV infection. An overall QoL score, the MQoL-HIV Index, is a weighted composite of two domain scores. In a sample of 216 HIV-infected men and women, the MQoL-HIV distinguished acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), symptomatic and asymptomatic cases in overall QoL and in seven individual QoL domains. The index was responsive to perceived QoL changes over 5.5 months (r = 0.52). We also found the MQoL-HIV was less susceptible to ceiling effects in asymptomatic cases than was the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) SF-20. These results suggest that the MQoL-HIV is a valid and reliable measure of QoL for both asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018412216638
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verification of the long term stability of uranium reference solutions of low concentration (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 207 (1996), S. 395-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The evolution of trace concentrations (sub ng·g−1) of uranium in aqueous reference solutions was followed over time by isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ID ICP-MS). Blank levels and detection limits needed to be determined prior to the actual investigations. Accuracy and precision of the method were determined on the basis of results obtained for uranium reference materials under similar experimental conditions. Reference solutions, certified for uranium concentration were prepared on gravimetrical basis. Analyses were performed over a period of 2 years. Taking into account the accuracy and the precision achieved, no significant change of the concentration is observed with time. Therefore, the mid and long term stability of the concentration of such reference materials was successfully demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02071244
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