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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Under certain pathophysiological conditions epidermal keratinocytes produce urokinase-type plasminogen activator (LIPA) or tissue-type PA (tPA). These PAs are subject to regulation by PA inhibitors (PAI). including PAl type-2 (PAI-2). In the normal epidermis. PAI-2 is present in the differentiating suprabasal layers, albeit in the apparent absence of PAs. It has, therefore, been suggested that PAI-2 plays a role in epidermal differentiation not linked to its ability lo inhibit PAs. In line with this hypothesis, we have studied, by immunohistochemistry. the distribution of PAI-2. uPA and tPA in the normal and in the lesional epidermis of patients with lupus erythematosus (LE). a disease in which epidermal differentiation is disturbed. The PAI-2 antigen was detectable in the normal epidermis and in the lesional epidermis of LE. In the normal epidermis, the PAI-2 antigen was most pronounced in the granular layer. In the hyperkeratotic epidermal lesions of LE. the PAI-2 antigen was increased. In normal and lesional skin. PAI-2 was distributed along the cell periphery. Indicating its association with the cornified envelope. Neither uPA nor tPA was detectable in normal or lesional epidermis. Our findings show that PAI-2 is a major type of PAI in normal epidermis and in the lesional epidermis of LE, and that increased epidermal PAI-2 is observed in a disease which is not associated with an increase in epidermal PAs. The data support the hypothesis that epidermal PAI-2 may have other functions than the regulation of PA activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The ultimate fate of the Universe, infinite expansion or a big crunch, can be determined by using the redshifts and distances of very distant supernovae to monitor changes in the expansion rate. We can now find large numbers of these distant supernovae, and measure their redshifts and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1437-1588
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Legionellen ; Nachweisverfahren ; Nachweisverfahren ; Wasserproben ; ISO 1731 ; Wasserqualität ; Key words Legionella ; Validation tests ; Water samples ; ISO 11731 ; Water quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Because of the increasing numbers of investigation and the existence of new recommandations, new technical and other standards, the initiation of a standard method to recover Legionella out of environmental samples was increasingly necessary. On the 1st of May 1998 the International Standard ISO 11731 „Water quality – Detection and enumeration of Legionella” was published. In the opinion of the authors it is too expensive to execute this ISO standard for watersamples routinely. Therefore a validation study was made to find out the feasibility of an alternative recovery method. This method was proposed by Germany to be a standard and accepted as part 2 of ISO 11731. The presented thesis compares both methods and shows the advantages of the alternativ method (ISO/CD 11731–2) by the result of the validation study.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Einführung eines einheitlichen Nachweisverfahrens für Legionellen aus Umweltproben wird vor dem Hintergrund zunehmender Untersuchungszahlen und der Existenz neuer Empfehlungen, technischer Regelwerke und weiterer Normen immer notwendiger. Die am 1.5.1998 erschienene ISO-Norm 11731 halten die Verfasser für routinemäßige Untersuchungen von Wasserproben für zu aufwendig. Daher wurde ein alternatives Nachweisverfahren auf seine Verwendungstauglichkeit durch einen Ringversuch überprüft. Das alternative Nachweisverfahren wurde von Deutschland zur Normung vorgeschlagen und als Teil 2 der ISO 11731 akzeptiert. In dieser Arbeit werden die beiden Verfahren vergleichend gegenübergestellt und die Vorteile des alternativen Nachweises nach ISO/CD 11731–2 anhand der Ergebnisse des Ringversuchs aufgezeigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 35-49 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: VLE data ; Mixing heat ; Thermodynamic consistency ; Lattice model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der bekannten Modelle für flüssige Mischungen (NRTL, UNIQUAC,...) können die freie Exzeßenthalpie und die Mischungswärme nicht gleichzeitig in guter Übereinstimmung mit experimentellen Daten berechnet werden. Die Exzeßenthalpie kann, ausgehend von Parametern, die ausVLE-Daten erhalten wurden, nur qualitativ, nicht quantitativ beschrieben werden. Weiterhin ist das berechnete Vorzeichen der Mischungswärme bei betraglich kleinen Werten der Exzeßenthalpie unsicher [1]. In dieser Arbeit werden die Möglichkeiten des modifizierten TASQUAC-Modells zur simultanen Beschreibung vonVLE- undH E-Daten untersucht sowie die thermodynamische Konsistenz der verwendeten Daten überprüft.
    Notes: Summary Using the known models for liquid mixtures (NRTL, UNIQUAC,...), the excess free enthalpy and the heats of mixing cannot be calculated simultaneously in good agreement with experimental data using only two parameters (or three for NRTL) per temperature and binary system. The excess enthalpy can be estimated only qualitatively but not quantitatively. There is also much doubt about the sign of the predictedH E data if the absolute value ofH E is small [1]. In this work, we examined the possibilities of modified TASQUAC in simultaneous prediction ofVLE andH E data and the thermodynamic consistency of experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 273-275 (Feb. 1998), p. 113-118 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 273-275 (Feb. 1998), p. 99-106 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 273-275 (Feb. 1998), p. 223-228 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 164-165 (July 1998), p. 167-170 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: P-Glycoprotein ; Multidrug resistance ; Vesicle formation ; Daunorubicin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the human gastric carcinoma cell line EPG85-257P (parent) induction of resistance to daunorubicin (DAU) was achieved by selection with stepwise increased concentrations of the drug. The new vairant was named EPG85-257DAU and was shown to overexpress the mdr1 gene product 170 kDa P-glycoprotein (P-Gp) as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and mdr1-specific RT-PCR. To investigate the intracellular pathway of DAU the subcellular distribution of this autofluorescent drug was studied in the resistant cells and compared to its chemosensitive counterpart EPG85-257P. When sensitive cells were exposed to DAU the drug rapidly accumulated in the nucleus until cell death. No redistribution of DAU to the cytoplasm was observed. In resistant cells exposed to the drug DAU also accumulated in the nucleus but to a lesser extent than in parent cells. Following exposure, nuclear fluorescence was observed to decrease over a time period of up to 48 h. Six hours after DAU exposure formation of fluorescent vesicle formation started in the perinuclear region and increased continously. After 48 h nuclear fluorescence was no longer detectable and DAU was located exclusively in vesicles. During this period the vesicles moved from the region of origin to the cell periphery. A pulse chase experiment showed, that vesicles may contain DAU derived from the nucleus. Treatment of EPG85-257DAU cells with DAU in conjunction with the chemosensitizer cyclosporin A (CsA) increased nuclear fluorescence without impairing vesicle formation. Disruption of microtubules by nocodazole led to an accumulation of vesicles in the perinuclear region indicating that microtubules are involved in vesicular transport. Treatment of EPG85-257DAU cells with the actin disruptor cytochalasin B led to accumulation of vesicles in the cell periphery indicating that actin may be involved in exocytosis. Uptake and efflux of DAU and rhodamin (RH) were determined in sensitive and resistant cells using a fluorescence activated cell sorter. Uptake of both compounds was distinctly lower in resistant than in sensitive cells. When resistant cells preloaded for 2 h with RH subsequently were incubated in drug free medium the substance was rapidly released indicating transmembrane transport by P-Gp. In contrast, despite expression of P-Gp in resistant cells no considerable release of DAU was observed for up to 2 h under the same experimental protocol. This indicates that in resistant cells intracellular DAU at least in part may be inaccessible for P-Gp and that vesicular drug transport appears to contribute to DAU resistance by removing intracellular DAU via exocytosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key wordsSchizosaccharomyces pombe ; Fission yeast ; Mitochondria ; Group-II intron ; Secondary structure ; Intron maturase ; Reverse transcriptase motif ; cox1 gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We describe herein a large group-II intron which is inserted in the mitochondrial cox1 gene of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain EF2. The intron RNA consists of 2492 nucleotides which can be folded into a secondary structure with all the expected sequence motifs of subgroup-IIA1 introns (Michel et al. 1989). Determination of the exact splice point revealed that the intron is inserted in the same codon, but 1 bp downstream, as the mobile intron aI2 in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cox1 homologue. A total of nine nucleotide changes was observed around the insertion site of the intron in the cox1 gene of strain EF2 compared with the reference strain ade7-50h – . Seven of these changes are clustered within the 51 bp upstream of the splice point. Only one sequence deviation was found in the downstream exon. The intron is capable of splicing despite the fact that both the EBS1/IBS1 and the EBS2/IBS2 sequence motifs, thought to be necessary for correct splicing, extend over 5 instead of 6 bp. The maturase, endonuclease and reverse transcriptase domains of the putative protein encoded by the newly described S. pombe group-II intron were not closer to those encoded by the other two, cobI and cox2I, S. pombe group-II introns than to the group-II intron-encoded proteins in Allomyces, Marchantia, Podospora and Saccharomyces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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