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  • 1
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Nonproteinogenic Amino Acids, III. - Syntheses of the Enantiomerically Pure 2-(2-Thienyl)-and 2-(3-Thienyl)glycines. - Molecular Structure of the Intermediate Schiff's BasesThe syntheses of enantiomerically pure D-(-)- and L-(+)-2-(2-thienyl)- and 2-(3-thienyl)glycines (6a - d) are described. Preparing the amino nitriles 4 directly from 2-thiophenecarbaldehyde (1a) or 3-thiophenecarbaldehyde (1b), respectively, and (4S, 5S)-(+)-5-amino-2,2-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane (2), and hydrocyanic acid (one-step procedure), the aminonitriles 4a and 4b, respectively, are formed in excess. By crystallization they are obtained diastereomerically pure leading to enantiomerically pure D-amino acids 6a and 6b. If, however, the intermediate Schiff's bases 3 are isolated as crystals and then converted with hydrocyanic acid into the respective aminonitriles 4 (two-step procedure), the diastereomeric aminonitriles 4c and 4d, respectively, crystallize resulting in enantiomerically pure L-amino acids 6a and 6d. X-ray structure analyses of the Schiff's bases 3c and 3e revealed the previously postulated E-configuration of the C = N bond and its chiral shielding by the phenyl substituent at C4.
    Notes: Es wird die Synthese von enantiomerenreinem D-(-)-und L-(+)-2-(2-Thienyl)- und 2-(3-Thienyl)-glycin (6a - d) beschrieben. Werden die Aminonitrile 4 direkt aus 2-Thiophencarbaldehyd (1a) oder 3-Thiophencarbaldehyd (1b), (4S,5S)-(+)-5-Amino-2,2-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxan (2) und Blausäure hergestellt (Einstufen-Verfahren), so entstehen im Überschuß die Aminonitrile 4a und 4b, die durch Kristallisation diastereomerenrein erhalten werden und zu den enantiomerenreinen D-Aminosäuren 6a und 6b führen. Werden dagegen die Schiffschen Basen 3 kristallin isoliert und mit Blausäure zu den entsprechenden Aminonitrilen 4 umgesetzt (Zweistufen-Verfahren), so kristallisieren die diastereomeren Aminonitrile 4c und 4d aus, die zu den enantiomerenreinen L-Aminosäuren 6c und 6d führen. Die Röntgenstrukturanalysen der Schiffschen Basen 3c und 3e bestätigen die früher angenommene E-Konfiguration der C = N-Bindung und deren chirale Abschirmung durch den Phenylsubstituenten an C4.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1987 (1987), S. 227-230 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Iridoids, VIII. - Oxidation of the Enol-Ether Function of Catalpol Derivatives to the LactoneOxidation of 2′,3′,4′,6,6′,10-hexaacetylcatalpol (1a), 2′,3′,4′,6-tetraacetyl-6′,10-bis(triphenylmethyl)catalpol (1b), and 2′,3′,4′,6′,10-pentaacetyl-6-(acetylvanilloyl)catalpol (1c) by N-bromosuccinimide/dimethyl sulfoxide is described. A mixture of the two possible diastereomeric α-bromolactones 2 is obtained in each case. This mixture can be reduced as crude product in dry tetrahydrofuran by treatment with zinc/acetic acid to yield more than 70% of the halogen-free lactones 3. The mechanism of the reaction is discussed.
    Notes: Die Oxidation von 2′,3′,4′,6,6′,10-Hexaacetylcatalpol (1a), 2′,3′,4′,6-Tetraacetyl-6′,10-bis(triphenylmethyl)catalpol (1b) und 2′,3′,4′,6′,10-Pentaacetyl-6-(acetylvanilloyl)catalpol (1c) mit N-Bromsuccinimid/Dimethylsulfoxid wird beschrieben. Das jeweils entstehende Diastereomerengemisch der zwei möglichen α-Bromlactone 2 läßt sich als Rohprodukt mit Zink/Eisessig in wasserfreiem Tetrahydrofuran zu den halogenfreien Lactonen 3 reduzieren, wobei die Gesamtausbeuten höher als 70% sind. Der Reaktionsmechanismus wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemie und Stereochemie der Iridoide, X. - Enantiomerenreine Hexahydropentalen-Derivate. - Bausteine zur Synthese von cyclopentanoiden NaturstoffenEs wird die Synthese der enantiomerenreinen Hexahydropentalen-Derivate 5a-5e aus dem Iridoidglucosid Catalpol beschrieben. Mit dem kristallinen Camphansäureester 5e wird die in der Literatur angegebene absolute Konfiguration des durch Racematspaltung hergestellten (1α,3aβ,6aβ)-1,2,3,3a,4,6a-Hexahydro-1-pentalenols (5d) bestätigt.
    Notes: The synthesis of the enantiomerically pure hexahydropentalene derivatives 5a-5e starting from the iridoid glucoside catalpol is described. The absolute configuration reported for (1α,3aβ,6aβ)-1,2,3,3a,4,6a-hexahydro-1-pentalenol (5d), which has been obtained by optical resolution, is confirmed by preparation of the crystalline camphanate 5e.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Specionin analogs ; (-)-3′-Methoxyspecionin ; Iridoid glucosides, peracetylated ; Cleavage of the glucoside bond, selective ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Iridoids XV. - An Efficient Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure (-)-Specionin Analogs from Peracetylated Iridoid Glucosides. - Crystal and Molecular Structure of (-)-3′-MethoxyspecioninWhen peracetylated iridoid glucosides are submitted to hydroxymercuration and reduction with zinc the glucoside bond is cleaved exclusively. The aglycones can be regio- and stereoselectively transformed into specionin analogs. An example is the preparation of crystalline (-)-3′-methoxyspecionin (3b) from hexaacetyl-6-O-vanilloylcatalpol (1d), which is readily available in larger quantities. The stereochemistry of 3b was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1990 (1990), S. 715-717 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Aucubin ; Scandoside ; Catalpol ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Iridoids, XIV.  -  Aucubin and Scandoside from CatalpolAucubin (9), scandoside (10), and its methyl ester [“feretoside” (11)] were obtained, in good yields, from catalpol (1). The absolute configurations of 9-11 were established by correlation to catalpol, whose X-ray crystal structure has previously been determined.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1990 (1990), S. 751-754 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Jasmine oil, fragrance of ; (+)-epi-Jasmonate, methyl, enantiomerically pure ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Iridoids, XIII.  -  Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Methyl (1R,2S,2″Z)-(+)-Jasmonate Starting from CatalpolEnantiomerically pure methyl (1R,2S,2″Z)-(+)-jasmonate (2), which was recognized as a component of the fragrance of the jasmine flower oil, was synthesized starting from catalpol (3). 2 is easily epimerized to 1. Thus, it is necessary to use very mild conditions in the course of the synthesis and purification. These results raise the question whether 2 exists as a natural product in the flower of jasmine and 1 arises during the isolation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1987 (1987), S. 521-526 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemistry of Ginkgolides, II. - Isolation and Structural Elucidation of a New GinkgolideFrom leaves of the Ginkgo tree a new ginkgolide (5) is isolated which we name ginkgolide J. The structural elucidation was achieved by spectroscopic methods as well as by chemical correlation to ginkgolide C.
    Notes: Aus Blättern des Ginkgo-Baumes wird ein neues Ginkgolid (5) isoliert, das wir als Ginkgolid J bezeichnen. Die Strukturaufklärung gelang sowohl mit spektroskopischen Methoden als auch durch chemischen Korrelation mit Ginkgolid C.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Iridoids, IX1). - EPC Synthesis of (1R,2R,2″Z)-(-)-Methyl Jasmonate from Catalpol - Crystal and Molecular Structure of Methyl Dehydrojasmonate SemicarbazoneCatalpol is converted into the enantiomerically pure (1R,2R,2″Z)-(-)-methyl jasmonate (1) by a 16-step synthesis (yield about 7%). The R-configuration at C-1 of 1 results from the synthesis. The complete stereochemistry of 1 is confirmed by the X-ray analysis of methyl dehydrojasmonate semicarbazone (semicarbazone of 12).
    Notes: In einer 16stufigen Synthese wird aus Catalpol das enantiomerenreine (1R,2R,2″Z)-(-)-Methyl-jasmonat (1) hergestellt (Ausbeute ca. 7%). Durch die Synthese ist die R-Konfiguration an C-1 von 1 vorgegeben. Mit der Röntgenstrukturanalyse des Methyl-dehydrojasmonat-semicarbazons (Semicarbazon von 12) wird die vollständige Stereochemie von 1 bestätigt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1987 (1987), S. 1079-1085 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemistry of Ginkgolides, III. - Bilobalide/iso-Bilobalide - Structure Determination by X-ray AnalysisBilobalide (1a) shows remarkable biological effects and uncommon chemical properties. Its striking characteristic is the tendency to isomerize under mild acylation conditions to yield the diacyl derivatives 2e-g of the spiro compound 2a. The structures of bilobalide (1a) and 10,12-di-O-pivaloyl-iso-bilobalide (2f) are determined by X-ray analysis.
    Notes: Bilobalid (1a) zeigt auffallende biologische Wirkungen und ungewöhnliche chemische Eigenschaften. Ausgeprägt ist seine Tendenz, unter gelinden Acylierungsbedingungen zu den Diacyl-Derivaten 2e-g der Spiro-Verbindung 2a zu isomerisieren. Die Strukturen von Bilobalid (1a) und 10,12-Di-O-pivaloyl-iso-bilobalid (2f) werden durch Röntgenbeugung bewiesen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1991 (1991), S. 893-902 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: (-)-Hypnophilin, enantiomerically pure ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Iridoids, XVI. - EPC-Synthesis of (-)-HypnophilinThe synthesis of enantiomerically pure (-)-hypnophilin (27) from (6R,7R)-(-)-7-hydroxy-3-oxabicyclo[4.3.0]non-1-en-9-one (1) is described. 1 was obtained in 93% yield from catalpol, which is readily available from the aqueous sodium carbonate extract of Picrorhiza kurrooa (Scrophulariaceae). The specific rotation, MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR data of synthetic (-)-hypnophilin were identical with those of the natural product.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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