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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of natural products 53 (1990), S. 451-455 
    ISSN: 1520-6025
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; Synovitis ; Synovial membrane ; Neo-synovial membrane ; Resynovectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neo-synovial membranes, which formed after “primary” synovectomy in 21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), were studied at resynovectomy. The clinical, histomorphological, and immunohistological data were compared with data derived from “primary” synovial membranes from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. The clinical data suggest a less active rheumatoid inflammatory response after synovectomy. Histomorphologicaly, the synovitis in resynovectomized neosynovial membranes of RA revealed no qualitative differences when compared with synovitis in the “primary” synovium. However, the degree of the inflammatory rection evaluated by the different parameters was found to be distinctly lower. The immunohistological data correlated with these findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: D-Aminosäuren ; Isomerisierung ; Mikrowellen ; konventionelles Erhitzen ; D-amino acids ; isomerization ; microwaves ; conventionalheating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Aqueous standard-solutions of L-alanine, L-glutamic acid, and L-proline do not reveal any increase of D-enantiomers after 30 min heating — neither by the conventional method on a hotplate, nor in a standard microwave oven. A specific “microwave effect” and, hence, a special consumer risk is, in contrast to recent assumptions, not detectable. Effects on the amino acids which were observed in conventionally heated samples are explained by higher heat-exposure during the treatment of these samples.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In wäßrigen Modell-Lösungen von L-Alanin, L-Glutaminsäure und L-Prolin läßt sich nach einer halben Stunde Sieden auf der Herdplatte im Vergleich mit einer zeitgleichen Hitzebehandlung im haushaltsüblichen Mikrowellenofen keine Zunahme an D-Enantiomeren nachweisen. Ein spezifischer ‚Mikrowelleneffekt‘ und somit ein spezielles Verbraucherrisiko, wie kürzlich postuliert, ist nicht nachweisbar. In konventionell erhitzten Proben beobachtete Effekte auf die Aminosäuren werden als Auswirkung der höheren Wärmebelastung während der Behandlung dieser Proben interpretiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rock mechanics and rock engineering 8 (1976), S. 73-113 
    ISSN: 1434-453X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Stability Analysis of Rock Slopes for Plane and Wedge Failure A simple formula for plane slope failure is derived, which may be used for the design of anchors to ensure the safety of rock masses endangered by slides. The cohesional strength component appears explicitly in the formula, while the geometrical parameters, the friction angle and the safety factor are included in only two factors,k 1 andk 2. The discovery of a formal analogy between the plane failure problem and that of wedge failure on two intersecting plane surfaces makes it possible to use the basic formula also for the solution of the complicated three-dimensional wedge problem. The basic formula may in both cases also be used to make a detailed parametric study to investigate the sensitivity of the rock slope construction to variations in individual parameters. This investigation may be carried out quickly, without time consuming calculations, even at the site. As an aid for this either the accompanying charts or the given program for the “Hewlett Packard HP-65” pocket calculator may be used. The application of the method is illustrated in several practical examples of the design of rock slopes.
    Abstract: Résumé Calculs de stabilité de talus rocheux à deux et trois dimensions Dans le cas du problème plan, on a mis au point une formule fondamentale pour le dimensionnement des ancrages qui doivent retenir une masse rocheuse susceptible de glisser. L'influence de la cohésion y figure explicitement, celle de la géométrie, de l'angle de frottement et du coefficient de sécurité y apparaissent implicitement dans deux facteurs. On a découvert une analogie formelle entre le glissement sur un plan et le glissement d'un coin de roche le long de deux plans. Ceci permet d'appliquer directement la formule fondamentale, du problème plan, qui est simple, à la résolution du problème enchevêtré qui se présente dans l'espace. Dans les deux cas, la formule de dimensionnement permet aussi la réalisation d'une vaste analyse paramétrique pour déterminer la sensibilité de la construction à la variation des paramètres individuels. Ces investigations peuvent êtres faites à la fois rapidement et sans calculs fastidieux sur le terrain-même, si on se sert soit des diagrammes ci-joints, soit du programme indiqué pour la calculatrice de poche “Hewlett Packard HP-65”. Quelques exemples illustrent l'application à des cas concrets.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Stabilitätsberechnung ebener und räumlicher Felsböschungen Für die Bemessung der Ankerkräfte zur Sicherung einer gleitgefährdeten Felsmasse wird für das ebene Problem eine Grundformel hergeleitet. Der Einfluß der Kohäsion kommt dabei explizit zum Ausdruck, die Einflüsse der Geometrie, des Reibungswinkels und des Sicherheitsfaktors treten in zwei Faktoren zusammengefaßt in Erscheinung. Die Aufdeckung einer formalen Analogie zwischen dem Abgleiten auf einer Ebene und dem Abgleiten eines Felskeiles auf zwei Ebenen erlaubt es, die einfache Grundformel des ebenen Problems direkt für die Lösung des verwickelten räumlichen Problems anzuwenden. Die Bemessungsformel dient in beiden Fällen auch zur Durchführung einer umfangreichen Parameteranalyse um die Empfindlichkeit der Konstruktion auf die Variation der einzelnen Parameter zu ermitteln. Diese Untersuchungen können rasch und ohne langwierige Rechnungen selbst im Felde durchgeführt werden. Als Hilfsmittel hiezu dienen entweder die beiliegenden Diagramme oder das für den programmierbaren Taschenrechner „Hewlett Packard HP-65“ angegebene Programm. Anhand einiger Beispiele wird die Anwendung auf praktische Fälle des Felsbaues illustriert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; Immunoglobulins ; Protein pattern ; Two-dimensional electrophoresis ; Synovial membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using the technique of two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis with consecutive silver staining, we investigated samples of serum, synovial fluid and synovial tissue obtained from 19 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or non-RA arthritis. From these experiments we have drawn the following conclusions. 2D electrophoresis of serum, synovial fluid and synovial tissue extracts taken from patients suffering from joint diseases is a reproducible method. Repeated runs of the same sample reveal an essentially constant protein spot pattern. The time period between surgery and tissue preparation did not influence the number of protein spots when less than 15 h was involved. The protein spot number is always lower in synovial fluid than in either synovial tissue or serum in RA and non-RA patients. The mean value for the number of spots is 68 for the inflamed tissue irrespective of the cause of arthritis (RA and non-RA group taken together) and 47 for the control group. This difference is significant. We were able to definitely identify 7 spots in the tissue extract. We did not find RA-specific protein spots in either serum, synovial fluid or tissue extracts from the synovial membrane. The only significant difference between RA patients and either non-RA or control group patients concerning the protein spot pattern is the increased size of the immunoglobulin spot (mainly IgG) in RA. In addition, we discuss possible reasons for failure of the 2D electrophoresis technique to detect disease-specific protein patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; B19 parvovirus ; Polymerase chain reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recent clinical observations support the hypothesis that persistent parvovirus B19 is a triggering factor of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in certain genetically predisposed individuals. If this hypothesis is correct, a number of RA patients may exhibit parvovirus B19 DNA in their synovial membranes. We tested the synovial tissue and peripheral blood leukocytes of 20 patients with RA, 24 patients with other arthritides or osteoarthritis (non-RA), and 34 healthy blood donors for the presence of parvovirus B19 DNA using specific DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using this technique, parvovirus B19 DNA was demonstrated in the synovial biopsies of 75% of patients with RA but in those of only 16.7% of patients with non-RA. In autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells the percentage of PCR-positive patients was about 15% in both RA and non-RA groups and did not differ from that in healthy controls. When the PCR data were correlated with the presence of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies in serum and synovia all patients with parvovirus B19 DNA in peripheral blood alone or in both peripheral blood and synovial membrane were seropositive. In contrast, about 40% of patients with parvovirus B19 DNA restricted to the synovial membrane were seronegative. These data indicate a highly disease-related persistence of parvovirus B19 in the rheumatoid synovium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 7 (1975), S. 113-122 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Vapor phase dye lasers pumped by a nitrogen laser are described using the dyes POPOP, α-NPO, BBO, and 1.2.-di-(5.-methyl-2.-benzoxazolyl)ethylene. Absorption spectra and spontaneous fluorescence spectra and vapor pressure curves are given for several dyes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The question whether expression of drug metabolizing enzymes in human liver is altered by liver neoplasm remains controversial; however, the ability or unability of tumour cells to metabolize certain drugs may be important for developing therapeutic strategies. We therefore investigated the abundance and localization of two classes of drug metabolizing enzymes [cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) and pi-type glutathione-S-transferase] by means of immunohistochemistry (standard ABC technique) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n=16) and with liver metastasis from adenocarcinoma (n=53) in comparison to normal controls (n=5). The distribution of CYP3A in normal liver samples showed a characteristic pattern of four to five layers of stained hepatocytes surrounding the central vein. Eleven out of 16 cases of HCC showed expression of CYP3A; staining was less intense than in normal liver and zonation was completely lost. In contrast, only 5 out of 53 samples of metastasis stained positively for CYP3A. The difference between primary and secondary neoplasm was statistically significant (chi-square, P〈0.0001). Pi-type glutathione-S-transferase (GST) stained positively in 9 out of 16 HCC and in 48 out of 53 cases of liver metastasis (chi-square, P〈0.01) indicating a higher percentage of immunostaining in liver metastasis. In summary, we observed differenes in the abundance and distribution pattern of CYP3A and GST between primary and secondary neoplasma of human liver and in comparison to normal controls. In combination with established methods these data may contribute to the establishment of reliable test systems for distinguishing primary from secondary liver tumours. The mechanisms of different expression of drug metabolizing enzymes in relation to tumour type and the possible consequences for drug action remain to be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1990), S. 852-853 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Up to 60% of the sulfate in upland forest throughfall and stemflow at Plastic Lake in central Ontario is non-precipitation by origin, but is derived from aboveground vegetation. The sources of this aboveground vegetation sulfate include dry deposited aerosols and SO2, and mineralized plant organic S. σ34S data indicate that atmospheric S dominates the upland forest ecosystems of southern and central Ontario, with little S isotope fractionation. Seasonal σ34S variations in precipitation sulfate may be due to mixing of bacteriogenic and anthropogenic S. σ18O and concentration data indicate that oxidation of dry-deposited SO2, and mineralization of organic S on vegetation surfaces may contribute one third or more of throughfall sulfate in summer and autumn, but less in late spring, perhaps due to foliar uptake of S during this season. Oxidized SO2, or mineralized organic S contributes one third or more of stemflow sulfate during these seasons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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