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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron production in dense x-pinch plasmas produced from deuterated polyethylene fibers (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 6712-6717 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel intense source of 2.45 MeV neutrons is described. Exploratory experiments with deuterated polyethylene fibers in an x-pinch configuration have been performed using 370-kA, 80-ns current pulses. Up to 4.5×108 neutrons per pulse have been produced. Compared to a z pinch, an x pinch produced about the same number of neutrons for the same current, but the x-pinch neutron source may be 1 mm or less in diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349845
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent continuous wave operation of 10×10×2 grating-surface-emitting diode laser array in a ring configuration (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 7645-7647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Coherent cw operation of a 10×10×2 grating-surface-emitting diode laser array in a ring configuration is demonstrated. At near twice the threshold current, the ring array exhibits a high degree of spatial coherence (an average of 86%) between emitting grating sections and a narrow linewidth of 28 MHz. The far field fringe visibility is 80% and 88% in the lateral and longitudinal directions, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350363
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Native oxide removal during chlorine reactive ion etching of silicon in an rf diode reactor (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 2400-2405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Chlorine reactive ion etching of silicon requires the initial removal of the native oxide prior to rapid etching of silicon. The threshold energy for sputter removal of the native oxide on silicon was measured from the apparent oxide thickness on the silicon surface as determined by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy of the Si 2p core level. Using model computations, the threshold energy to sputter the modified native oxide was determined to be 72±5 eV. The surface film chemistry during etching is different above and below the sputter threshold energy. Above the threshold, the silicon surface is contaminated with 1–2 monolayers of SiClx (x=1,2,3) and residual SiClOy. Below the threshold, the oxide is not etched and SiClOy forms on the native oxide surface. The film thickness is observed to increase with ion energy to the threshold energy indicating that ion induced chemisorption phenomena control the film thickness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346498
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    K-shell x-ray yield scaling for aluminum x-pinch plasmas (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 8134-8138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report results from experiments performed to measure and characterize the intense K-shell radiation from aluminum x-pinch plasmas at peak driving currents ranging from 280 kA to 1.0 MA. Single pulse aluminum K-shell (predominantly line radiation at 1.6–2 keV) x-ray yields ranged from 7.6 J at 290 kA to 240 J at 1.0 MA. In the range from 280 to 470 kA, the yield scales with current to the power of 3.6, whereas nonoptimized K-shell yields at 800 kA and 1.0 MA indicate a power of about 3 or higher.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353452
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ac susceptibility studies on lead-substituted Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductors : 35th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 4899-4901 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temperature, frequency, and ac field dependence of the ac susceptibility components χ' and χ‘ have been studied in polycrystalline samples of Bi2−xPbxSr2Ca2Cu3Oδ with x values ranging from 0.2 to 0.3. The data do not show any evidence for the presence of low-Tc phases in the samples and perfect diamagnetism is observed at about 80 K. Data on χ‘ vs T show the expected intrinsic peak near Tc and a coupling peak at a lower temperature Tp. For a specific field and frequency, Tp is found to increase with increasing lead substitution. The activation energy for flux creep, determined from the frequency dependence of Tp, is much smaller than the values reported for Y-Ba-Cu-O superconductors. The ac field H dependence of Tp is found to follow the relation 1 − Tp/Tc∝Hq with q =1/2. The estimated q value does not compare favorably with the values reported for Y-Ba-Cu-O compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348218
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical properties of a heavy-ion-beam-excited supersonic jet gas target (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The profile, density, and temperature of a supersonic rare-gas jet was determined applying methods of nuclear physics and optical spectroscopy. The jet was produced in the windowless gas target facility RHINOCEROS and the heavy-ion particle beams were provided by the Stuttgart DYNAMITRON accelerator. Maximum densities in the range of 1017 to some 1018 particles/cm3 could be achieved in a gas jet of about 2.6 mm diam (FWHM). In a supersonic helium jet a cooling of the gas down to 45 K was observed. These results were compared with theoretical calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347743
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum ultraviolet emission spectra of the helium and neon alkali ions in the range between 60–80 nm (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 7769-7774 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mixtures of neon or helium with alkali vapor were excited using an argon ion beam. The emission continua observed in the vacuum ultraviolet region between 60 and 80 nm are assigned to the decay of the ionic excimers He+K, He+Na, He+Li, Ne+Rb, Ne+K, Ne+Na, and Ne+Li into the ground state consisting of a rare gas atom and an alkali ion. The binding energies of these excimers range between 0.46 and 0.85 eV. The obtained decay energies and the fine structure splittings agree with the predictions by calculations using phenomenological potentials and by ab initio calculations. Intense emission due to the inner shell excitation of K and Rb is also observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.460162
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The third continuum of the rare gases emitted by heavy ion beam induced plasmas (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 4581-4588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Rare gases have been excited by dc ion beams of He+, Ne+ and Ar+ in the energy range 0.5–3.9 MeV using the Stuttgart DYNAMITRON accelerator and the gas target system RHINOCEROS. The VUV emission of the first, second and third continua was observed in the wavelength range between 50 and 300 nm. Especially the third continuum of neon could be observed at 99 nm for the first time in this way. The relative intensities of the continua depend strongly on the mass of the exciting ion and on the presence of contaminations. The observations support strongly the assignment of the third continuum to the radiative decay of Rg2+2 ionic excimers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.458698
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations on the production kinetics of ionic alkali–rare gas excimers (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 3325-3332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ionic rare gas alkali excimers Rg+A were produced by exciting Rg/A mixtures in a buffer gas atmosphere by means of an ion or electron beam. As a representative candidate the formation of Kr+K decaying at 135 nm was investigated. The rate constant k(He) for the main reaction Kr++K→Kr+K was determined varying the buffer gas density [He] between 1017 and 1020 cm−3. Values between k(He)=1×10−11 and 5×10−10 cm3 s−1 were observed. At high buffer gas densities the quantum yield ηq for the emission of the 135 nm radiation depends on the ratio [K]/[Kr]. At the optimum value, [K]/[Kr]=0.06, an absolute yield of ηq=1.5% was obtained. Up to a deposited energy of 3 mJ/cm3 the quantum yield is independent on the excitation density. For neon as buffer gas the rate constants k(Ne) are smaller by about a factor of 3, while the efficiency is only slightly less than for He. Kr+K is split into five fine structure states. The quenching of these states by krypton and buffer gas causes the low quantum yield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.462969
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ignition and high gain with ultrapowerful lasersf| (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 1626-1634 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultrahigh intensity lasers can potentially be used in conjunction with conventional fusion lasers to ignite inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsules with a total energy of a few tens of kilojoules of laser light, and can possibly lead to high gain with as little as 100 kJ. A scheme is proposed with three phases. First, a capsule is imploded as in the conventional approach to inertial fusion to assemble a high-density fuel configuration. Second, a hole is bored through the capsule corona composed of ablated material, as the critical density is pushed close to the high-density core of the capsule by the ponderomotive force associated with high-intensity laser light. Finally, the fuel is ignited by suprathermal electrons, produced in the high-intensity laser–plasma interactions, which then propagate from critical density to this high-density core. This new scheme also drastically reduces the difficulty of the implosion, and thereby allows lower quality fabrication and less stringent beam quality and symmetry requirements from the implosion driver. The difficulty of the fusion scheme is transferred to the technological difficulty of producing the ultrahigh-intensity laser and of transporting this energy to the fuel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870664
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