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  • 1990-1994  (5)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1870-1879
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (3)
  • iron inefficient  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 130 (1991), S. 87-92 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: BPDS ; Cucumis melo L. ; EDDHA ; ferric reduction ; iron efficient ; iron inefficient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A mutant muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) with characteristic Fe-deficiency chlorosis symptoms was compared to related cultivars in its ability to obtain Fe via the widely known Fe-stress response mechanisms of dicotyledonous plants. The three cultivars (fefe, the ‘Fe-inefficient’ mutant; Mainstream and Edisto, both ‘Fe efficient’ plants) were grown in nutrient solution in either 0 or 3.5 mg L-1 Fe as FeCl3. None of the three cultivars released ‘reductants’ or ‘phytosiderophores’, but both Edisto and Mainstream produced massive amounts of H+ ions to reduce and maintain the pH of nutrient solutions below pH 4.0. The roots of these two Fe-efficient cultivars were also capable of reducing Fe3+ to Fe2+. These responses maintained green plants, resulted in high leaf Fe in both Edisto and Mainstream, and produced Mn toxicity in Mainstream. The lack of Fe-deficiency stress response in fefe not only affected leaf Fe concentration and chlorosis, but also resulted in reduced uptake of Mn. The importance of reduced Fe (Fe2+) to the Fe-efficient cultivars was confirmed by growing the cultivars with BPDS (4, 7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanthroline disulfonic acid, a ferrous chelator) and EDDHA [ethylene-diamine di (0-hydroxphenylacetic acid)] (a ferric chelator), and observing increased chlorosis and reduced Fe uptake in BPDS grown plants. The Fe-deficiency response observed in these cultivars points out the diversity of responses to Fe deficiency stress in plants. The fefe mutant has a limited ability to absorb Fe and Mn and perhaps could be used to better understand Mn uptake in plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Avena byzantina C. Koch. ; corn ; grass ; iron efficient ; iron inefficient ; oats ; phytosiderophore ; Zea mays L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Release of phytosiderophores from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in response to Fe-deficiency stress prompted further testing of other graminaceous (grass) species for phytosiderophore release and results have prompted characterization of these plants into a Strategy II designation. This classification denotes an enhanced release of phytosiderophore in response to Fe-deficiency stress with a concomitant uptake of Fe by the plant. The objective of this study was to determine if Fe-inefficient and Fe-efficient corn (Zea mays L.) differ in their release of ‘Fe solubilizing substances’ in response to Fe-deficiency stress. We have not identified the specific structure of these substances but refer to them as ‘phytosiderophores’ to further characterize their behavior. By our indirect method, there was no measurable release of Fe solubilizing substances (phytosiderophores) from either the Fe-efficient WF9 or the Fe-inefficient ys1 corn despite WF9 being greener and apparently more Fe efficient than ys1. Fe-efficient Coker 227 oats (Avena byzantina C. Koch.) has been found to release a phytosiderophore whereas the Fe-inefficient TAM 0-312 does not. Iron-stressed Coker 227 oats released Fe solubilizing substances when grown in the same solution with WF9 corn which resulted in greening and Fe uptake by WF9 corn. Iron efficiency in these two graminaceous species appears to be controlled by different mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 15 (1990), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Surface oxidation reactions of cobalt, molybdenum and mixed cobalt-molybdenum metals have been investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The oxide stoichiometries have been determined from XPS intensity measurements. Such quantification has been important in identifying oxide compositions with characteristic XPS spectra. A number of discrete binary molybdenum oxides have been characterized after reactions at 200°C and pressures ranging from 1 atm to 10-6 Pa. At the lowest pressure, the Mo 3d spectra and O/Mo ratios suggest the formation of a molybdenum-oxygen structure with a stoichiometry near unity. By contrast, at higher pressures, oxides that are predominantly MoO2 and MoO3 appear, but other intermediate oxide structures are also identified. Well-defined binary oxides of cobalt can be prepared from cobalt metal after heating in oxygen at different pressures. New binary oxides of cobalt and molybdenum have been generated by the reaction on MoO3 or Co3O4 substrates. Oxidation of a thin film of molybdenum on a Co3O4 substrate has been shown to produce a nearly stoichiometric surface layer of CoMoO4. The procedure could be useful for the production of other ternary oxides of possible interest for use as XPS reference materials.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 17 (1991), S. 143-150 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Extended chain polyethylene fibres have been treated in ammonia and oxygen lo-pressure gas discharges (plasmas) in order to enhance adhesion to epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins, respectively, and thus significantly improve fibre/resin interfacial properties in fibre-reinforced polymer composites. Ammonia plasma treatment results in the incorporation of amine functional groups onto the fibre suface. The treated fibre surface has been analysed using XPS and spectrophotometric techniques. Extended chain polyethylene/epoxy composites made from ammonia, plasma-treated fibres show a marked increase in interlaminar shear strength over composites made from untreated, corona-treated or oxygen plasma-treated fibres. The increase in fibre/resin adhesion after ammonia plasma treatment is confirmed by SEM observations of fracture surfaces, which show clean interfacial fracture surfaces in composites made from treated fibres. Fibres modified by oxygen plasma treatment contain a significant concentration of carbon-oxygen functionalities, which contribute to the polarity of the surface and hence increase wet-out by unsaturated polyester resins. The concentration and nature of carbon-oxygen species on the fibre surface have been determined by XPS. Pull-out tests on multifilament yarns embedded in a polyester resin confirm the high fibre/matrix adhesion achieved with the oxygen plasma-treated fibres compared to corona-treated or untreated fibres. Tensile properties of the fibres are reduced significantly after prolonged treatment in an oxygen plasma, while in an ammonia plasma the fibre strength is unaffected.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 18 (1994), S. 167-172 
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A cone calorimeter is used to determine the fire performance of polymer composite materials containing combustible reinforcing fibres in addition to combustible matrix resins. Extended-chain polyethylene and aramid fibre-reinforced composites containing epoxy, vinylester and phenolic matrix resins are examined at various cone irradiances. Values for time to ignition, rate of heat release, effective heat of combustion, smoke density and evolved carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are reported for the reinforcements, matrix resins and composites. The reinforcements have a significant effect on the fire-hazard properties of the composite materials. For the epoxy and vinylester composites, times to ignition reflect those of the component of higher ignitability. This was not the case for the aramid-reinforced phenolic composite, in which the resin surface layer hinders combustion of the fabric reinforcement. Resin and reinforcement contributions to the composite rate of heat release behaviour as a function of time are generally discernible.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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