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  • 1990-1994  (11)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Existence of exine-free airborne allergen particles of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We investigated whether exine-free pollen allergen particles exist together with the intact pollen grains of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) in the air during the pollen season in Yamagata City. First, we separated the allergen particles in an Andersen multi-stage air-sampler according to their aerodynamic diameters. The amount of major allergen (Cry j I) on each stage of the sampler was determined by a sensitive fluorometric sandwich ELISA, and the pollen count of the same samples was done by light microscopy after Carberla staining. Cry j I was found in stages 1 to 6, whereas most of intact and ru|3tured pollen grains were microscopically observed only in stages 1 and 2. Second, we suctioned the air through a tandem membrane filter system (the first filter, Nuclepore filter with 5 um-pores; and the second, Millipore filter with 0.3 μm-pores). None of the pollen grains was detectable on the 0.3 μm-pore filter with light microscopy. However, Cry j I was detectable in the aqueous extract from the second filter. From these results, we concluded that pollen-free Cry j I existed in the air of Yamagata City during the pollen season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00628.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    msDNA and Bacterial Reverse Transcriptase (1991)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 45 (1991), S. 163-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.45.100191.001115
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of Der p and Der f I quantities in the reference preparations of Dermatophagoides mite extracts (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 24 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MoAb-ELISA) was developed to measure the major Dermatophagoides mite allergens, Der p I and Der f I, The assay was highly species-specific and sensitive. Using this assay system, the absolute mass unit of Der p I and Der fI in the reference preparations of the extracts was estimated. The primary standards used were the purified Der p I and Der f I preparations. The reference preparations of the D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae extracts (92-Dp) and 92-Df), which had been prepared from the same amount of mite bodies of both species, were found to contain the same levels of the Der I allergens, 10.1 μg/ml of Der p I and 10.0 μg/ml of Der f I, respectively. A histamine release assay with leucocytes from mite-allergic donors showed that the total allergenic potency of 92-Dp and 92-Df was comparable. This result indicates that the estimated Der I levels in these extracts seem to be valid, at least, in the balanece between the two species, although further comparisons of the absolute quantities by several different laboratories are needed. The Der I levels in the WHO/IUIS international reference preparation of D. pteronyssinus and the CBER standard mite extracts, E4-Dp and E5-Df, were also estimated using this assay system. They were found to contain 4.4 μg/viaI and 13.3 μg/ml of Der p I and 9.5 μg/ml of Der f I, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb02739.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence diversity of the 1.3 kb retron (retron-Ec107) among three distinct phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In the preceding paper, we showed that a new 1.3kb retron (retron-Ec 107) in Escherichia coli is responsible for the biosynthesis of a branched-RNA-linked multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA-Ec107). Here, we show that this retron occurs in strains from different branches. A, B1, and D of a well-defined phylogenetic tree of a collection of wild E. coli. Sequence comparisons of the retrons from these three branches were carried out. Sequence homology was well conserved among the strains within the same branch and the retron sequence from branch A was exactly the same with that from branch D, while there were 18 base substitutions between the retrons from branch B1 and A or D, resulting in seven amino acid substitutions in reverse transcriptase. No substitutions were found in the msDNA- and msdRNA-coding regions, and there was no difference in the ability of msDNA production between them. These results suggest that the retron has probably been integrated into at least one of the three branches at an early stage of evolution and subsequently transferred to the other two branches, and also that the msDNA-producing system has been conserved during evolution with some mutations in the retron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01478.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retron-Ec107 is inserted into the Escherichia coli genome by replacing a palindromic 34bp intergenic sequence (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Some natural isolates of Escherichia coli have been shown to produce a unique branched RNA-linked single-stranded DNA called msDNA. These bacteria contain a retro-element called retron consisting of the msr–msd region and the gene for reverse transcriptase (RT). All three E. coli retrons characterized to date have been shown to be integrated into a prophage or to be associated with phage-related genes. In this report, we identified a new msDNA from an E. coli wild strain. Using the msDNA as a probe, the retron for the msDNA was cloned and its DNA sequence was determined. The retron was found to consist of a 1.3 kb DNA fragment, making it the smallest retron isolated to date. The msDNA produced from the retron consists of a 107 base single-stranded DNA, which is considered to be branched out from the 18th G residue of a 75-base RNA molecule by a 2′,5′-phosphodiester linkage. Thus, the msDNA and the retron were designated msDNA-Ec107 and retron-Ec107, respectively. Most significantly, retron-Ec107 was inserted into the E. coli genome by replacing a 34bp intergenic sequence between the pyrE and ttk genes located at 82 min on the E. coli chromosome. Interestingly, the retron contains palindromic structures at both ends and the E. Coli 34bp intergenic sequence also contains a 10bp inverted repeat structure. These palindromic structures might have played a role in the integration of retron-Ec107 into the E. coli genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01477.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration of airborne mite allergens (Der I and Der II) during sleep (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using a low-noise air sampler and a sensitive radioimmunoassay, we measured the concentration of mite allergens in the air during sleeping with Japanese bedquilts (futon). The airborne allergen levels of Der I (Der p I plus Der f I) and Der II during sleep were 223 and 87.1 pg/m3 of air, respectively. These levels were about 10-fold higher than those during usual domestic life in the living room of the same houses. When the bedquilts were changed to new ones free of mite allergens, the airborne allergen levels of Der I and Der II were decreased to 11.5 and 12.0 pg/m3, respectively. This indicated that the mite airborne allergens during sleep were generated from the used bedding, not from the floor. We believe that exposure to airborne mite allergens during sleep might be an important factor in the development of mite allergies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb02250.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method of counting airborne Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen allergens by immunoblotting (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have devised a new method of counting pollen allergen particles, modified from the fluorescent immunoblotting technique of Schumacher et al. Airborne Japanese cedar pollen allergens collected on Burkard's sampling tape were transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane. The membrane was then treated with antiallergen mouse monoclonal antibody conjugated with alkaline phosphatase. Pollen allergens were detected as purple spots on the nitrocellulose membrane after phosphate substrate staining was performed. Pollen allergen particles were visible under a stereoscopic microscope or to the naked eye and could thus be counted easily. This new counting method takes less time than previous methods and requires no special skill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1993.tb00692.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the second major allergen of Japanese cedar pollen (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 45 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We isolated and characterized the second major allergen (Cry j II) from Japanese cedar pollen. We found that most patients with this pollinosis had IgE antibody to this protein in addition to IgE antibody to Cry j I; however, some sera reacted only with Cry j I or Cry j IL IgE-ELISA inhibition studies revealed that Cry j I and Cry j II had no cross-allergenicity. Cry j II did not react with anti-Cry j I monoclonal antibodies. In SDS-PAGE under a non-reducing condition. Cry j II showed a band at the 37 kDa position, compared with the 45–50 kDa bands of Cry j I. N-terminal amino acid sequence of Cry j II was completely different from that oi Cry j I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00501.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase advances of circadian rhythms in somatostatin depleted rats: effects of cysteamine on rhythms of locomotor activity and electrical discharge of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 175 (1994), S. 677-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Circadian rhythm ; Suprachiasmatic nucleus ; Cysteamine ; Somatostatin ; Brain slice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Somatostatin is synthesized in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a circadian pacemaker in mammals. To explore the functional significance of somatostatin in the circadian system, we examined rhythms of rat locomotor activity and electrical firing rate of SCN neurons in the brain slice after temporal depletion of somatostatin levels in the SCN. Intraperitoneal administration of cysteamine (200 mg/kg), a somatostatin depletor, significantly reduced somatostatin level in the in vivo SCN 5 min after injection and kept low level as long as 3 to 4 days. This administration, on the other hand, induced significant phase advances of about 51 min in the subsequent free-running rhythm of locomotor activity of the rat. A marked phase advance in the circadian rhythm of firing rate in the SCN was also observed after administration of cysteamine in coronal hypothalamic slices. These persistent phase shifts after administration of a somatostatin depletor may suggest that the change of somatostatin level in the SCN have a feedback influence on the circadian pacemaker.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191840
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type differentiation of herpes simplex virus by stringent hybridization of polymerase chain reaction products (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 129 (1993), S. 311-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A simple procedure for type differentiation of herpes simplex virus with the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified DNAs, was established: 1. The target sequence region for PCR was chosen from the coding sequences for an envelope protein, with the terminal sequences for PCR primers to be common among different types, but with the internal sequences to be variable. 2. Biotin-labelled probes for each type were prepared by PCR with the above primers and the templates from standard viruses of different types. 3. With templates from isolated strains or clinical specimens, the target DNA segment was amplified, and then immobilized on microplate wells. 4. Hybridization was carried out with the biotin-probes under a stringent condition so that the immobilized DNA was hybridized only with the homologous-type probe. 5. This hybridization result was visualized by using streptavidin-conjugated peroxidase and coloring reagents. This procedure may be applicable to differentiation of types or strains belonging to a group of closely related viruses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01316906
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