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  • 1990-1994  (9)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixing-models applied to industrial batch bioreactors (1993)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 9 (1993), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Mixing models for bioreactors on the basis of the tanks-in-series concept are presented and a suitable parameter-estimation method is introduced. The Monte-Carlo-optimization procedure with the inhomogeneity-curve included in the objective function is used. Results of the parameter optimization procedure are given for stirred-tank-bioreactors equipped with one and three Rushton turbines under aerated conditions. The model designed for the stirredtank with three Rushton turbines is capable to describe the mixing properties, while in case of the stirred-tank with one Rushton turbine the simulated radial circulation time does not correlate with the measured one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389534
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical models for mixing in deep-jet bioreactors: Calculation of parameters (1991)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 7 (1991), S. 177-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The macroscopic mathematical model based on compartments with ideal mixing zones and tanks-in series was evaluated. Based on the experimental data obtained in a 300 dm3 pilot reactor and the dependence of mixing time on the volume of liquid phase, we have found mathematical relations between the ratio of vessel diameter to liquid level, adjustable parameters of model and the mixing time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387414
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical models for mixing in deep jet bioreactors: analysis (1991)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 7 (1991), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A mathematical model for single and multi step deep-jet bioreactors is presented. A stagewise approach based on macroscopic mechanistic model which divides the reactor into compartments with good quality of mixing and plug flow regions (macromixer), was used. For the mathematical representation of this model a system of differential equations, describing the concentration of tracer in structural elements based on mass balance, and the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg numerical method of integration, was applied. The mixing time in a 300 dm3 tank was determined by conductivity method with NaCl as tracer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387413
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Engineering approach to mixing quantification in bioreactors (1992)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 8 (1992), S. 137-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract “Homogeneity-time” is defined and introduced as the criterion for mixing quality in bioreactors. The criterion could replace the mixing time, in the case, when more than one measuring point (sensors) is included in the measuring system. Results based on the homogeneity-time and the temperature pulse method, achieved in stirred tank reactors under aerated conditions as well as in a jet-mixed tank, are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01254229
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a new repetitive sequence that is enriched on microchromosomes of turkey (1992)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 102 (1992), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We cloned and characterized a new highly repetitive, species-specific DNA sequence from turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). This repeat family, which accounts for approximately 5% of the turkey genome, consists of a 41 bp repeated element that is present in tandem arrays longer than 23 kb. In situ hybridization to turkey metaphase chromosomes (2n=80) demonstrated that this sequence was located primarily on certain microchromosomes: approximately one-third of the 66 microchromosomes showed a positive signal. With respect to the macrochromosomes, hybridization was seen only in a pericentric position on nos. 2 and 3. The turkey microchromosome (TM) sequence shares motifs (alternating A3–5 and T3–5 clusters separated by 6–8 bp) that have been found previously in other avian tandemly repeated elements, e.g. a chicken microchromosome sequence, and W (female) chromosome-specific sequences of chicken and turkey. However, the TM sequence does not cross-hybridize under moderately stringent conditions with these other sequence. The spread and amplification of related repetitive sequence elements on microchromosomes and W chromosomes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352284
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 41–42 bp tandemly repeated sequence isolated from nuclear envelopes of chicken erythrocytes is located predominantly on microchromosomes (1990)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 99 (1990), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To study whether specific DNA sequences are associated with nuclear membranes, residual DNA was extracted from DNase-treated nuclear envelopes prepared from erythrocytes of adult chickens (Gallus domesticus). This DNA was then blunt-end ligated into a bacterial plasmid vector. DNA blot analysis and nucleotide sequence determination revealed that approximately 30% of the cloned fragments consisted of different multiples of a 41–42 bp tandemly repeated, partially symmetrical sequence. In situ hybridization to chicken chromosomes demonstrated that the sequence was located primarily on microchromosomes, although some hybridization was also observed to macrochromosomes 7 and 8. Digestion of chicken DNA with any of a number of restriction enzymes did not completely reduce the intensity of a high molecular weight band to which the repeated sequence hybridized. These results, along with those obtained from in situ hybridization, suggested that many copies of this sequence are organized into large tandem arrays, and are not dispersed in many shorter repetitive blocks throughout the chicken genome. Although the repetitive sequence constituted approximately 10% of the chicken genome, it did not hybridize to quail or turkey DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01735329
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meiotic chromosome behaviour reflects levels of sequence divergence inSus scrofa domestica satellite DNA (1990)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 99 (1990), S. 330-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present a general model for the evolution of chromosome-specific satellite DNA subfamilies.Sus scrofa domestica has a bimodal karyotype with two autosomal subsets of 12 meta-/submetacentric (Mc) and 6 acrocentric (Ac) chromosome types (Mc and Ac “subgenomes”). We show that the centromeric heterochromatin is characterised by two distinct satellite DNA families designed Mc1 and Ac2. Mc1 is a diverse satellite family of the Mc subgenome of which certain members with a 100 bp repeat unit are found to occur at the pericentromeric regions of each Mc autosome, while others are chromosome-specific, e.g. clone Mc pAv1.5, a higher order repeat variant, which hybridises specifically to chromosome 1. Ac2 is a homogeneous satellite occurring at the subterminal pericentromeric regions of all Ac autosomes. DNA sequence analyses showed that all clones investigated are built up from a 14 bp repeat unit which is highly conserved. In situ hybridisation to meiotic pachytene nuclei revealed a distinct spatial arrangement of the Ac2 centromeric satellite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01731720
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome banding study of European catfish, Silurus glanis (Pisces, Siluridae) (1991)
    Springer
    Genetica 83 (1991), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The karyotype of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) was analyzed sequentially by means of silver staining and the chromomycin A3 (CMA3)/distamycin A (DA)/DAPI fluorescence technique and by C-banding, respectively. The nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) were localized on the submetacentric pair No. 14. Brilliant CMA3 fluorescent heterochromatin blocks corresponded to the NORs visualized by silver staining. No DA/DAPI-bright positive fluorescent patterns were detected while C-banding led to the detection of specific banding patterns on several chromosome pairs.—Using these banding data, the karyotype of S. glanis was redescribed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058532
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scale-up on basis of structured mixing models: A new concept (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 195-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: bioprocess ; stirred tank ; structured mixing model ; scale-up ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new scale-up concept based upon mixing models for bioreactors equipped with Rushton turbines using the tanks-in-series concept is presented. The physical mixing model includes four adjustable parameters, i.e., radial and axial circulation time, number of ideally mixed elements in one cascade, and the volume of the ideally mixed turbine region. The values of the model parameters were adjusted with the application of a modified Monte-Carlo optimization method, which fitted the simulated response function to the experimental curve. The number of cascade elements turned out to be constant (N = 4). The model parameter radial circulation time is in good agreement with the one obtained by the pumping capacity. In case of remaining parameters a first or second order formal equation was developed, including four operational parameters (stirring and aeration intensity, scale, viscosity). This concept can be extended to several other types of bioreactors as well, and it seems to be a suitable tool to compare the bioprocess performance of different types of bioreactors. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260430303
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