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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DSC investigation of high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene fibers (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 33 (1988), S. 1171-1176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch strömungsinduzierte Kristallisation wurden Fasern aus zwei kommerziellen linearen Polyethylenen (PE) unterschiedlichen Molekulargewichts dargestellt. DSC-Messungen mit einem Temper- und Schmelzprogramm zeigten 4 Schmelzpeaks. Der erste — bei der niedrigsten Temperatur — entspricht dem Schmelzen von lamellar kristallisiertem PE. Peak 2 zeigt das Schmelzen des kristallinen Hauptanteils der Fasern, Peak 3 und 4 das Schmelzen der erzwungenen kristallinen Bereiche. Die Schmelztemperaturen hängen vom Molekulargewicht des Fasermaterials und seinem Verstreckungsgrad ab.
    Abstract: РЕжУМЕ МЕтОДОМ кРИстАллИжА цИИ В стРУЕ пОлУЧЕНы ВОлОкНА Иж ДВУх пРОДА жНО ДОстУпНых сОРтОВ лИНЕИНОгО пОл ИЁтИлЕНА с РАжлИЧНыМ МОлЕкУльРНыМ ВЕсОМ. Д ск ИжМЕРЕНИь БылИ пРО ВЕДЕНы В пРОгРАММЕ ОтжИгА И п лАВлЕНИь. УстАНОВлЕН О ЧЕтыРЕ пИкА плАВлЕНИь. пЕРВы И пИк с НАИБОлЕЕ НИжкОИ тЕМпЕРАтУРОИ ИДЕНтИФИцИРОВАН кАк пИк плАВлЕНИь кРИстАллИ ЧЕскОгО пОлИЁтИлЕНА с лАМЕлльРНОИ стРУкт УРОИ. ВтОРОИ пИк сООтВ ЕтстВУЕт плАВлЕНИУ ОсНОВНОИ к РИстАллИЧЕскОИ ФРАкцИИ ВОлОкНА, А тРЕ тИИ И ЧЕтВЕРтыИ пИкИ - п лАВлЕНИУ кРИстАллИЧЕскИ НАпР ьжЕННых ОБлАстЕИ. тЕМпЕРАтУРы плАВлЕН Иь жАВИсьт От МОлЕкУл ьРНОгО ВЕсА пОлИЁтИлЕНОВОгО ВОл ОкНА И стЕпЕНИ ЕгО ВытьНУтОстИ.
    Notes: Abstract Fibers were produced from two commercial grade linear polyethylenes (PE) of different molecular weight by flow-induced crystallization. DSC measurements were carried out with an annealing and melting program lour melting peaks were found. The first peak, at the lowest temperature, can be identified with the melting of lamellar crystallized PE. Peak 2 corresponds to the melting of the main crystalline fraction of the fiber. and peaks 3 and 4 to the melting of constrained crystalline regions. The melting temperature depends on the molecular weight of the fiber material and on the drawing state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01912746
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct electron microscope investigation of the morphology of surface-growth polyethylene filaments before and after zone-drawing (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1987), S. 1336-1338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01794610
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The electron microscope characterization of the fine structure of nylon 6: I. The supermolecular structure in melt-cast, isotropic bulk material (1986)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 264 (1986), S. 649-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Nylon 6 ; electron microscopy ; staining ; spherulites ; lamellar crystals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The application of phosphotungstic acid (PTA) as a staining agent with appropriate hardening procedures and accurate ultra-thin sectioning has enabled the direct transmission electron microscope (TEM) investigation to be carried out on the lamellar fine structure of bulk nylon 6. Details of the organization of the crystal lamellae within spherulites and other morphological structures, their shape and, especially, their dimensions were revealed and the mean structural long period was determined. Interspherulitic regions without any indication of crystalline ordering could be observed in samples which were rapidly cooled from the melt. The investigations on bulk material were completed by observations on solution-grown thin films. Optical diffraction (OD) was used for evaluating the electron micrographs; the results were compared with the data from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01469525
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The electron microscope characterization of the fine structure of nylon 6: II. On the rearrangement of the structure during cold-drawing (1986)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 264 (1986), S. 668-675 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Nylon 6 ; cold-drawing ; electron microscopy ; staining ; transverse structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The transmission electron microscope (TEM) visualization of the supermolecular structure of cold-drawn, oriented nylon 6 bulk material (bristles) by stained ultra-thin sections is reported. For evaluating the electron micrographs optical diffraction (OD) has been applied in comparison with small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The deformation of the spherulites was followed by polarization microscopy. In addition, investigations were carried out on commercial nylon 6 fibres. As the main result a transverse structure was revealed within the drawn samples at draw ratios between λ=4 and 4.5, consisting of mosaic crystals which show some lateral alignment. The structure is described by a modified layer lattice model. While the long period may increase slightly during drawing, the crystallite thickness remains almost constant. Fibres with λ=3.4 show a similarly oriented structure though the lateral alignment of the crystals is not so pronounced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01469527
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultra-high strength and ultra-high modulus fibers from polyethylene (1984)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 12 (1984), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Using the method of hot drawing developed earlier, an attempt has been made to obtain ultra-high modulus and ultrahigh strength PE filaments from original filaments produced by the “surface growth” technique. The average tensile strength of the drawn fibers reaches 5.5 GPa and the value of modulus measured in a dead loading creep experiment is estimated to be 44 GPa. 13 % of the drawn specimens had extremely high tensile strength close to theoretical estimates. The great scatter of the tensile strength data is attributed to the kink-band formation in the specimens due to their bending during preparation or during drawing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263140
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemie der Amino-oxime, XII. Darstellung und Eigenschaften von 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-1,2,6-oxadiazepinen (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 3373-3376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Chemistry of Amino Oximes, XII. Synthesis and Properties of 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-1,2,6-oxadiazepines4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-1,2,6-oxadiazepines (2a - d) were prepared by the reaction of the syn-(E)-(benzylamino)propiophenone oximes 1a - d with formaldehyde. The ω-aminopropiophenone oximes 1e - g react with acetone or benzaldehyde to give azomethines 6e - g and 7e - g, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19801131027
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemie der Amino-oxime, XVIII Die Cyclokondensation von (E)-β-(Chloracetylamino)propiophenon-oxim-Derivaten (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1984 (1984), S. 1696-1701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Chemistry of Amino Oximes, XVIII. - The Cyclocondensation of (E)-β-(Chloroacetylamino)propiophenone Oxime DerivativesThe (E)-β-(chloroacetylamino)propiophenone oximes 2a-c cyclocondense by reaction with alkali to form 3,11-diphenyl-1,9-dioxa-2,6,10-14- tetraazacyclohexadeca-2,10-diene-7,15-diones 3a-c. From (E)-β-[(benzyl)(chloroacetyl)amino]propiophenone oximes 5a-c the 6-benzyl-5,6-dihydro-3-phenyl-4H- 1,2,6-oxadiazocin-7(8H)-one derivates 6a-c are formed.
    Notes: Die (E)-β-(Chloracetylamino)propiophenon-oxime 2a-c werden durch Alkali zu 3,11-Diphenyl-1,9-dioxa-2,6,10,14-tetraazacyclohexadeca-2,10-dien-7,15-dionen 3a-c cyclokondensiert. Aus (E)-β-[(Benzyl)(chloracetyl)amino]propiophenon-oximen 5a-c entstehen dagegen die 6-Benzyl-5,6-dihydro-3-phenyl-4H-1,2,6-oxadiazocin-7(8H)-on-Derivate 6a-c.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.198419841009
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Röntgenographische Bestimmung eines Modifikationsanteils in polymorphem PolyvinylidenfluoridÜberarbeiteter Auszug aus der Dissertation U. Kofer [35] (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 33 (1982), S. 534-537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The fraction of modification II in polymorphous poly(vinylidene fluoride) samples was determined by x-ray measurements. The method proved particularly appropriate for comparing texturized samples having various orientations.
    Notes: Die Bestimmung des relativen Anteils der Modifikation II in polymorphen Polyvinylidenfluoridproben wird röntgenographisch vorgenommen. Das Verfahren ist speziell für den Vergleich texturierter Proben wechselnder Orientierung geeignet.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1982.010330907
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die elektronenmikroskopische Darstellung der Morphologie partiell kristalliner Polymere am Beispiel des Polyamid-6 (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 33 (1982), S. 227-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The supramolecular structure of compact polyamide-6 was investigated by electron microscopy with ultrathin sections using different methods of solidification and contrasting. Besides usual transmission electron microscopy the high voltage electron microscopy was applied which allows to investigate thick sections. Comparative investigations were performed with thin films. The changes in morphology caused by high pressure in the crystallization of polyamide-6 are demonstrated by fracture surface replication as well as by scanning electron microscopy.
    Notes: Zur Charakterisierung der übermolekularen Struktur von kompaktem Polyamid-6 wurden elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an Ultradünnschnitten unter Anwendung verschiedener Härtungs-und Kontrastierungsmethoden durchgeführt. Neben der konventionellen Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie wurde die Höchstspannungselektronenmikroskopie eingesetzt, die es ermöglicht, dickere Schnitte zu untersuchen. Vergleichende Untersuchungen wurden an Dünnfilmen vorgenommen. Die durch den Einfluß hohen Druckes bei der Kristallisation von PA-6 verursachten morphologischen Veränderungen wurden sowohl anhand von Bruchflächenabdrücken als auch rasterelektronenmikroskpisch nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1982.010330401
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zum strukturbildungsverhalten von polyamid-6 (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 33 (1982), S. 691-695 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The structure formation of polyamide 6 is explained by model experiments based on the polymorphy of the polymer.
    Notes: Am Beispiel des PA-6 wird gezeigt, wie unter Nutzung der Polymorphie dieser Substanz das Strukturbildungsverhalten durch Experimente unter Modellbeidigungen aufgeklärt werden kann.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1982.010331203
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