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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in presynaptic inhibition of Ia fibres to soleus motoneurones during voluntary dorsiflexion of the foot (1989)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 76 (1989), S. 510-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Heteronymous Ia facilitation ; Presynaptic inhibition ; Reciprocal inhibition ; Monosynaptic reflex ; Voluntary movement ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Variations of presynaptic inhibition in heteronymous Ia fibres projecting to soleus motoneurones were studied during the first 250 ms of phasic voluntary isometric contractions of the antagonist tibialis anterior muscle in human subjects. During the first 60–80 ms of TA e.m.g activity, presynaptic inhibition was often more marked than at rest, but not in all experimental sessions. After 60–80 ms, presynaptic inhibition was always increased compared to rest and to the onset of TA e.m.g. activity. A “rebound” in femoral nerve induced Ia facilitation was often observed between 90–150 ms. The early increase in presynaptic inhibition was widespread and non specific since it was observed at the onset of extensor carpi radialis contractions of maximal strength. The “rebound” in heteronymous Ia facilitation was interpreted as a relative decrease in presynaptic inhibition to which nonspecific suprasegmental and cutaneous effects contributed. The late increase in presynaptic inhibition in Ia fibers to soleus motoneurones was considered as reciprocally inhibiting the Sol H-reflex, thus counteracting the phasic stretch of the antagonist muscle during TA contraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248907
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facilitation of quadriceps motoneurones by group I afferents from pretibial flexors in man (1989)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 78 (1989), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Non-monosynaptic Ia excitation ; Spinal interneurones ; Voluntary movement ; Human quadriceps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The facilitation of the quadriceps (Q) H reflex evoked by stimulation of group I afferents from pretibial flexors exhibits biphasic changes during Q voluntary contraction. At short conditioning-test intervals the facilitation is increased, whereas it is decreased at longer intervals and/or at high conditioning stimulus intensities and/or when the contraction strength is increased. The spatial facilitation at a premotoneuronal level observed at rest on combined stimulation — common peroneal nerve (CPN) and femoral nerve (FN) — regularly disappeared during contraction. It is argued that the increase in facilitation at the onset of the weakest Q contraction reflects a descending facilitation of the interneurones mediating the CPN-induced excitation to Q MNs. An occlusion of descending and peripheral excitation in these interneurones can easily account for the depression of the facilitation when the conditioning stimulus intensity and/or the strength of the contraction is increased. However, occlusion cannot explain all the results and inhibition of the neurones mediating excitation of MNs, i.e. disfacilitation of the MNs, probably contributes to the decrease in facilitation observed during contraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230682
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in polysynaptic Ia excitation to quadriceps motoneurones during voluntary contraction in man (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 63 (1986), S. 436-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Polysynaptic Ia excitation ; Spinal interneurones ; Voluntary movement ; Human quadriceps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Homonymous Ia facilitation of quadriceps (Q) motoneurones (MNs) was significantly larger during (and at the onset of) a very weak Q voluntary contraction than at rest. This increase in Ia facilitation only appeared with a conditioning-test interval within the narrow range of 5–9 ms, which fits the time course of the recently described polysynaptic Ia excitation to Q MNs. This suggests that interneurones mediating polysynaptic Ia excitatory effects to Q MNs receive a strong descending excitation during such a contraction. It is therefore argued that these interneurones might mediate part of the descending command to Q MNs during voluntary contraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236863
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of amino acids. Possibilities offered by optimized associations of low-voltage electrophoresis and chromatography on finely textured paper and on cellulose thin-layers (1978)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 11 (1978), S. 508-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Three optimized small-scale methods for amino acid separation are described and compared. Two dimensional separations are based on paper or cellulose thin-layer ionophoresis and chromatography with simple and inexpensive apparatus. The influence of experimental conditions on resolution and amount required for amino acids possessing almost identical mobilities, is studied. The quickest procedure based on the coupling of 200×200×0.25 mm thin-layer, low-voltage electrophoresis (20 V/cm) with chromatography, and the system: cellulose −1.04 mol dm−3 formic acid — tertbutanol/methanol/pyridine/formic acid/water (33∶43∶9.6∶0.4∶20), provides very reproducible results with high separating power for small samples (2–10 nmoles).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311072
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Méthode de marquage de groupes carboxyliques dans les peptides. Propriétés chromatographiques et autres, de peptide-p, p′-dimapa-anilides (1978)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 11 (1978), S. 212-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The authors describe an effective method and the conditions (low pH values, dioxane/water (1∶2) media, watersoluble carbodiimide) for making coloured carboxylic peptides from amino-dye (i.e.: 1(4-dimethylamino-1 phenylazo)-4-aminobenzene=p,p′-dimapa-aniline), without polymerisation of unprotected peptide. Some easy chromatographic methods for isolation of peptide-p,p′-dimapa-anilides and some properties of these new compounds (C-dyed-peptides) are given.
    Notes: Résumé Les auteurs décrivent une méthode efficate et les conditions (faibles valeurs de pH, milieu dioxane/eau (1∶2), carbodiimide hydrosoluble) de formation de peptides colorés par réaction de leur groupe carboxylique avec un colorant aminé (par exemple: 1(4-diméthylamino-1 phénylazo)-4-aminobenzène=p,p′-dimapa-aniline), sans polymérisation du peptide non-protégé. Quelques méthodes chromatographiques, faciles à mettre en oeuvre, pour l'isolement de peptide-p,p′-dimapa-anilides et quelques propriétés de ces nouveaux composés (peptides-C-colorés) sont présentées.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02302395
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New strategy for the identification of amino acids by TLE and TLC using basic or buffered mobile phases (1979)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 12 (1979), S. 773-778 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Identification of amino acids ; Thin-layer chromatography ; Thin-layer electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Direct, simple and reliable means for characterization of the common amino acids, using mixtures of structural analogues of amino acids and combinations of low-voltage electrophoresis (1.04 mol dm−3 formic acid) and chromatography (tert-butanol/methanol/pyridine/formic acid/water, 33:43:9.6:0.4:20, v/v, methanol/pyridine/formic acid/water, 70:9.6:0.4:20, v/v, or tertpentanol/methylethylketone/pyridine/water, 37.5:37.5:5:20, v/v) on amorphous cellulose thin-layer are given. The efficiency of the procedures is evaluated in various examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260656
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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