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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 360 (1975), S. 321-336 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Deiters' nucleus ; Flexor reflex afferents ; Purkinje cell inhibition ; Positive field potentials ; Spino-olivocerebellar paths
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The spatial distribution of inhibitory effects mediated by spino-olivocerebellar pathways and evoked by stimulation of the FRA was studied in Deiters' nucleus by intracellular recordings and extracellular measurements of positive field potentials. At a given recording site individual nerves greatly varied in their effectiveness: Q and Saph, Tib and FDL were usually the most effective, while GS had very little effect. When comparing several recording sites, various patterns of dominating and nondominating nerves were found, resulting in a somewhat patchy distribution of responses. The results were supported by intracellular recordings, which showed that CF-mediated IPSPs can be evoked from a limited number of nerves only. The findings show that a discriminative pattern exists in the FRA-evoked spino-olivocerebellar-mediated inhibition. In addition, Deiters neurones were found in which the inhibition was evoked from a large number of fore- and hindlimb nerves. Such a generalized inhibitory pattern may be involved in interlimb coordination during locomotion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Caloric stimulation ; Microgravity ; Nystagmus ; Bárány ; Spacelab 1 ; Orbital flight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Response to caloric stimulation was examined in two subjects in the weightless environment of orbital flight. Using air insufflation, a binaural temperature stimulus profile was performed twice on each subject during flight. In all but one test, which was carried out on the first mission day, a caloric nystagmus was registered. This zero-g nystagmus was similar to ground-based pre and postflight responses with regard to its intensity, its temporal correlation with the stimulus profile (nystagmus was always directed towards the warmer ear) and the subjective sensations reported by the tested subjects. These findings demonstrate that mechanisms other than thermoconvection are involved in the elicitation of the caloric nystagmus response. At each stage of the temperature stimulus profile, linear acceleratory stimulation was presented in the form of oscillations in the X-axis. Some differences were found between one-g and zero-g conditions in the resultant modification of the nystagmus response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 219 (1978), S. 423-423 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Maximum reaction following accelerated optokinetic stimulation in human is about 40°/s. These maximal values remain constant even by increasing stimulation. The stimulation rates are not physiologically. Under the conditions of such long and not physiological stimulations hormons of pituitary were determined. Immediately after the stimulation as well as 15 min later, elevated ADH levels were measured. Serum levels of hGH and cortisol remain unchanged, whereas serum prolaktin levels decrease slightly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 219 (1978), S. 425-425 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Earlier investigations showed the optimal parameters for the optokinetic test with accelerated stimuli. The acceleration is 1.2 degrees/s2 and the maximum stimulus velocity is 40 degrees/s. As we can show now, this test for patients is much more difficult than the tests with constant velocities. As a result we gain more pathologic results. We compared the accelerated tests with constant velocities of 20, 40, and 60 degrees/s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 223 (1979), S. 352-352 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 244 (1987), S. 159-166 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Vestibular system ; Thermal stimulation ; Microgravity ; Orbital flight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary During the European Spacelab mission (SL1) in 1983, caloric testing was performed for the first time in long-term weightlessness. After 2 days into orbital flight an unequivocal caloric nystagmus was observed in both subjects tested which corresponded in both quality and intensity with that measured in one-g conditions on Earth. The subsequent D1 mission enabled the experiment to be repeated on further subjects and with improved measurement procedures. As with the SL1 findings, the observed caloric nystagmus response proved to be equivalent to that measured during baseline testing on Earth. Renewed consideration of peripheral and central mechanisms, which might be involved in the elicitation of the caloric response — both in one-g and zero-g environments — has led to the reopening of a number of associated issues. One important observation which has been addressed by various research groups concerns the influence of the labyrinth's orientation to the gravity vector on the caloric response. The present authors have examined a group of healthy subjects in various body positions in the sagittal plane. The interindividual variability in the response behavior was found to be high; indeed single cases were observed in which the nystagmus response did not invert from the supine to the prone positions. These findings are discussed together with earlier reports in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 246 (1989), S. 61-64 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Posturography ; Cervical afferences ; Acute loss of vestibular function ; Neck Torsion ; Body sway direction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study was performed to determine whether the predominant direction of body sway is influenced by changes of head-to-trunk position. A group of ten patients suffering from acute unilateral vestibular loss was compared with a group of ten healthy subjects. Body sway was assessed by measurement on a posture platform. Center-of-force stabilograms were recorded with the subjects' eyes closed. After a baseline interval in the normal head-to trunk orientation, the head was torsioflexed with respect to the trunk and the locus of the center-of-force further assessed over a defined interval. It was observed that the patient group manifested a systematic translation of the direction of body sway that was associated in a consistent manner with the unilateral deficit. This translation occurred synchronously with head torsioflexion and could also be reproduced when turning the trunk with the head fixed, so that a semicircular canal influence could be excluded. It appears that cervical proprioceptive input to the central vestibular system is responsible for the effect observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Tropical animal health and production 19 (1987), S. 93-102 
    ISSN: 1573-7438
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Sept essais portant sur 768 têtes ont été menés en Afrique du Sud et en Namibie pour tester l'efficacité de l'Ivermectine, parasiticide systémique, administré à la dose de 200 mg/kg/vif contre les agents des gales sarcoptiques (Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis) Chorioptique (Chorioptes bovis) et psoroptique (Psoroptes ovis var.bovis). L'efficacité d'un traitement unique entre les Psoroptes et les Sarcoptes s'est révélee plus grande que contre les Chorioptes. La guérison clinique était bien visible dans tous les cas traités avec disparition des croûtes et repousse du poil. Le nombre de cas de gale psoroptique dans deux grands troupeaux dont 42,4% des animaux étaient cliniquement atteints avant tout traitement de masse, s'est trouvé réduit de 99,3% après une seule injection sous-cutanée d'Ivermectine. Seul un animal sur lequel des psoroptes ont été retrouvés n'a probablement pas été traité. Les auteurs discutent pour conclure de la prévalence apparente et des perspectives pour maítriser et éliminer la gale du bétail en Afrique du Sud et en Namibie.
    Abstract: Resumen Se llevaron a cabo siete ensayos, en un número total de 768 bovinos, en Africa del Sur y Namíbia, tendientes a evaluar la eficacia sistémica del parasiticida invermectina, administrado subcutáneamente, en dosis de 200 µg/kg contra sarcoptes (Sarcoptes scabiei var.bovis), corioptes (Chorioptes bovis) y soroptes (Psoroptes ovis var.bovis). La eficacia de un solo tratamiento fue mayor contra soroptes y sarcoptes que contra corioptes. Los animales tratados se curaron definitivamente, desapareciendo las costras y la alopécia. El número de casos de sarna soróptica en dos hatos grandes, en los cuales el 42.4% de 724 animales se encontraba afectado antes del tratamiento masivo, se redujo 99.3%, despues de una dosis sencilla subcutánea de invermectina. Se encontró solamente un animal afectado despues del tratamiento, el cual se crée no fue tratado. Se discute la prevalencia de sarna en sur Africa y Namibia y el posible control y erradicacion de la enfermedad.
    Notes: Summary Seven trials including 768 cattle were conducted in South Africa and Namibia to evaluate the efficacy of the systemic parasiticide ivermectin when administered subcutaneously at a dose rate of 200 µg/kg against sarcoptic (Sarcoptes scabiei var.bovis), chorioptic (Chorioptes bovis) and psoroptic (Psoroptes ovis var.bovis) mange mites. The efficacy of a single treatment againstPsoroptes andSarcoptes was greater than againstChorioptes. There was marked clinical cure in all treated cases with loss of crusts and hair regrowth. The number of cases of psoroptic mange in two large herds, of which 42.4% of 724 animals were clinically affected prior to mass treatment, was reduced by 99.3% following a single subcutaneous treatment with ivermectin; a single animal from which mites were recovered may not have been treated. The apparent prevalence and prospects for control and eradication of cattle mange in South Africa and Namibia are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 339 (1975), S. 749-749 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Vascular emergencies, improved results ; Gefäßchirurgische Notfalle ; verbesserte Ergebnisse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am Beispiel des Krankengutes der Chirurgischen Klinik rechts der Isar werden die Fortschritte in der Behandlung gefalichirurgischer Notfalle aufgezeigt. Wahrend im ersten Behandlungszeitraum (1960–1966) die Gesamtletalitat bei 43 % lag und 16% der Patienten eine Extremitat verloren, waxen die entsprechenden Prozentzahlen zwischen 1967 und 1974 12 % (Letalitat) and 6 % (Amputationsrate). Die Verbesserung der Ergebnisse wurde durch raschere Einweisung, friihere Operationsindikation und hauptsachlich durch Anwendung indirekter Operationsverfahren (Ballonkatheter, Ringstripper) erreicht.
    Notes: Summary Patients of the Surgical Department are described to illustrate the progress in the treatment of vascular emergencies. During the first period of treatment (1960–1966) 43 percent of the patients died and 16 percent lost one limb. The corresponding data for the period (1967–1974) were 12 percent mortality and a 6 percent amputation rate. The improved result are due to faster admission of patients, early decisions in favor of surgery, and, mainly, to the use of devices facilitating indirect thrombectomy and embolectomy, such as the Fogarty catheter and the ring stripper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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