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  • 1985-1989  (119)
  • 1935-1939  (78)
  • 1860-1869  (9)
  • Chemistry  (198)
  • General Chemistry  (36)
  • Epidemiology  (4)
  • Nervus terminalis  (4)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lung function and clinical findings in a cross-sectional study of arc welders (1985)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 57 (1985), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Arc welding ; Respiratory symptoms ; Lung function ; Epidemiology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary An epidemiological, cross-sectional study was conducted in order to assess non-neoplasic effects on the lung due to chronic exposure to arc welding fumes and gases. The study involved 346 arc welders and 214 control workers from a factory producing industrial vehicles. These workers (welders and controls) had never been exposed to asbestos. Respiratory impairments were evaluated by using a standardized questionnaire, a clinical examination, chest radiophotography and several lung function tests (spirometry, bronchial challenge test to acetylcholine, CO transfer tests according to the breath-holding and the steady-state methods, N2 washout test). The only significant differences between the welders overall compared to the controls were a slightly higher bronchial hyper-reactivity to acetylcholine and a lower lung diffusing capacity for CO in the welders. However, non-specific, radiologic abnormalities (reticulation, micronodulation) and obstructive signs were more frequent in the most exposed welders (welding inside tanks) than in welders working in well ventilated workplaces. The nature of the metal welded (mild-steel, stainless steel, aluminium) did not seem to have an influence on respiratory impairments. In the mild-steel welders, respiratory symptoms (dyspnoea, recurrent bronchitis) and obstructive signs were more frequent in the welders using a manual process than in the welders involved with the semi-automatic process (MIG). For all the workers (welders and controls), smoking had a markedly adverse effect on respiratory symptoms and lung function. Moreover, smoking seemed to interact with welding since CO lung transfer was more impaired in smoking welders than in smoking controls.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383541
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Arc welders' respiratory health evolution over five years (1989)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 61 (1989), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Arc welding ; Respiratory health ; Epidemiology ; Longitudinal study
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The respiratory health of 138 arc welders and 106 control subjects in the same company was studied in 1981 and in 1986. Most of the subjects welded mild steel using the Metal Inert Gas (MIG) process. The controls were workers in the same company, not exposed to any known pulmonary risk. The welders and controls in the analysis had not changed their professional activity nor their smoking habits during these five years. The examinations consisted of a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms, a thoracic auscultation, a chest X-ray and lung function tests: flow-volume curve and steady state CO transfer test. The examinations in 1986 confirmed the risk of non specific radiological impairment (pulmonary reticulo-micronodulation) and of obstruction in the small bronchi, which had already been observed in 1981 in the arc welders in this company. These impairments did not seem to have evolved more than in the controls, but do however justify regular surveillance of the respiratory health of arc welders.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00409387
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Respiratory health assessment by questionnaire of 2024 workers involved in man-made mineral fiber production (1988)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 61 (1988), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Epidemiology ; Respiratory symptoms ; Man-made mineral fibers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A respiratory health questionnaire was administred to the workers producing man-made mineral fibers in three glasswool and two rockwool plants in France, in order to detect adverse effects resulting from fiber exposure. The mean ages of the 2024 male participants ranged from 32 to 41 years. The standardized questionnaire was filled in by the industrial physicians: occupational history, smoking habits, respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, dyspnea, asthma), irritative complaints of the upper airways (nasal fossae and sinuses, pharynx and larynx) were all recorded. Multiple unconditional logistic regression was used to test for a relationship between possible explanatory variables and these symptoms. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, dyspnea) was strongly correlated with age and increased markedly among current smokers. Having adjusted for these confounding factors, significantly elevated Odds Ratios (ORs) for cough and phlegm were observed among the workers of one plant (51% of the whole study population) who had been exposed to fibers for a long time. In the same plant, the ORs for complaints of nasal fossae and sinuses increased significantly with the duration of fiber exposure, and one elevated OR was observed for pharyngeal and laryngeal symptoms. These findings were not consistent with the results observed in the four other plants (49% of the study population), since ORs for all these symptoms were either low or not significantly increased according to the duration of fiber exposure. This lack of similarity among plants could be explained either by differences in interviewers, age, seniority and tobacco consumption, or by secular changes in the industrial processes involved. The positive results observed contrast with a negative lung function study previously carried out in the same plant. Furthermore, the literature provides only one study reporting similar positive findings concerning pharyngeal and laryngeal complaints.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381015
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Incidence of multiple sclerosis: a periodic or stable phenomenon (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 235 (1988), S. 241-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Multiple sclerosis ; Epidemiology ; Incidence ; Central Europe ; Periodic fluctuations
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary For diseases of unknown aetiology, the question as to whether the incidence is constant or variable is very important. A study on multiple sclerosis in a defined northern area of the German Democratic Republic showed a prevalence of 68.6 and an incidence rate of 3.0. Retrospective and prospective investigations concerning an observation period of 22 years revealed cyclic periods (6–7 years) of high incidence rates (up to 4.5) interrupted by shorter intervals (4–5 years) with low rates (about 1.8). The differences (1963–1968 vs. 1969–1973, 1974–1978 vs. 1979–1983) are significant. In accordance with the findings of Kurtzke et al. on a cyclic outbreak of multiple sclerosis in the Faroes and Iceland, our results are considered to be a consequence of environmental factors, such as epidemic viral infections.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314356
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tracing of single fibers of the nervus terminalis in the goldfish brain (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 143-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Nervus terminalis ; Telencephalon ; Diencephalon ; Tracer (cobalt, HRP) studies ; Olfactory system ; Goldfish
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Central projections of the nervus terminalis (n.t.) in the goldfish were investigated using cobalt- and horseradish peroxidase-tracing techniques. Single n.t. fibers were identified after unilateral application of cobalt chloride-lysine to the rostral olfactory bulb. The central course and branching patterns of individual n.t. fibers were studied in serial sections. Eight types of n.t. fibers are differentiated according to pathways and projection patterns. Projection areas of the n.t. include the contralateral olfactory bulb, the ipsilateral periventricular preoptic nucleus, both retinae, the caudal zone of the periventricular hypothalamus bilaterally, and the rostral optic tectum bilaterally. N.t. fibers cross to contralateral targets in the anterior commissure, the optic chiasma, the horizontal commissure, the posterior commissure, and possibly the habenular commissure. We propose criteria that differentiate central n.t. fibers from those of the classical secondary olfactory projections. Branching patterns of eight n.t. fiber types are described. Mesencephalic projections of the n.t. and of secondary olfactory fibers are compared and discussed with regard to prior reports on the olfactory system of teleosts. Further fiber types for which the association with the n.t. could not be established with certainty were traced to the torus longitudinalis, the torus semicircularis, and to the superior reticular nucleus on the ipsilateral side.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218095
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Central projections of the nervus terminalis in the bichir, Polypterus palmas (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 244 (1986), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Chemoreception ; Nervus terminalis ; Telencephalon ; Tracer (HRP) studies ; Polypterus palmas
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Central pathways of the nervus terminalis (n.t.) in the bichir, Polypterus palmas, were studied with the use of tracing techniques. After application of horseradish peroxidase to the unilateral olfactory mucosa labeled n.t. fibers were traced in seven distinct bundles through the subpallium. Projection areas are found in the precommissural ventral nucleus of the area ventralis telencephali ipsilaterally, the anterior commissure and commissural parts of the periventricular preoptic nucleus bilaterally; few n.t.-fibers cross via the anterior commissure to the contralateral side; no fibers were observed to turn rostrally to the contralateral olfactory bulb. Major targets of the n.t. include a restricted ventral part of the periventricular preoptic nucleus at the level of the optic chiasma bilaterally, and the periventricular nuclei located between the thalamic nuclei and the hypothalamus bilaterally. N.t. fibers continue their course through the ipsilateral hypothalamus and are traced as far as the mesencephalic tegmentum ipsilaterally. N.t. terminations are found consistently within the boundaries of periventricular cell nuclei, suggesting axosomatic synaptic contacts. We propose a differentiation of the n.t. ganglion cells into a distal (mucosal) and proximal (bulbar) type regarding the peripheral cell processes. Our findings are compared with those of other reports on the n.t. system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218396
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A light- and electron-microscopic study of mesencephalic neurons projecting to the ganglion of the nervus terminalis in the goldfish (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 63-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Nervus terminalis ; Mesencephalon ; HRP/cobalt technique ; Locus coeruleus ; Teleosts ; Goldfish
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary After application of various neuronal tracers (horseradish peroxidase, cobalt-chloride lysine, true blue) to the ganglion of the nervus terminalis a small number of neurons was retrogradely labeled in the mesencephalon. As revealed by combined horseradish peroxidase and catecholamine-fluorescence techniques these neurons are located in the isthmic area immediately rostral to, but not within the locus coeruleus. Cobalt-labeled axons of the mesencephalic neurons were traced individually in serial sections. Neurons projecting contralaterally cross in the horizontal commissure. Tracing of single fibers provided no evidence for axon collaterals within this pathway. Retrograde labeling reveals two different types of isthmic neurons afferent to the ganglion of the nervus terminalis: One smaller-sized type is located bilaterally and consists of four to six neurons; another type possessing many dendritic processes was consistently found as only one single cell located contralateral to the side of injection. The existence of two types of neurons was confirmed by their cytological differences: The small-sized type receives only sparse perisomatic input, while the large-sized type shows heavy somatic and dendritic, probably monoaminergic innervation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219000
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The nervus terminalis also exists in cyclostomes and birds (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 431-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Nervus terminalis ; Chemoreception ; Olfactory mucosa ; Tracer (HRP, cobalt) studies ; Lampetra planeri ; Domestic mallard
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The terminal nerve has been described in all vertebrate classes, with the exception of cyclostomes and birds. With regard to this question, we have examined representatives of these two classes using tracer techniques, and found a terminal nerve in larval lampreys and young domestic mallards. Horseradish peroxidase or cobaltous lysine was injected into the olfactory mucosa, which is known to be innervated by peripheral branches of the terminal nerve. The brains were then searched for labeled, centrally directed fibers of the terminal nerve that project further caudally than the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb. In larval lampreys, centrally projecting fibers of the terminal nerve were found in the tel-, diand mesencephalon. Termination of labeled fibers was observed in the hypothalamus. Some fibers of the terminal nerve cross to the contralateral side via the commissure of the posterior tuberculum. In young ducks, the terminal nerve projects ipsilaterally along the medial edge of the telencephalon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219088
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Zur statistik des einbaus einer als regler in polyamid 12 verwendeten aliphatischen dicarbonsäureHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. H. Hellmann zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet. (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 169 (1989), S. 193-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: As hard blocks in polyether block amides, polyamides are used whose length is intensively regulated by dicarboxylic acids. Since, with regard to melting and crystallization behaviour, this acid constitutes an interfering structural unit in the chain, and in the case of a completely converted product each chain contains one acid molecule, it is essential to know where in the chain incorporation will occur. As opposed to monofunctional chain regulators which always form a chain end, a bifunctional chain regulator can a priori also be randomly incorporated into the inner part of the chain. This leads to a far greater interference than occurs if the chain regulator molecule and the chain end, which acts as an interfering unit in any case, coincide with each other.By means of adipic acid-regulated oligoamides based on lauryl lactam, the incorporation of the chain regulator was examined by NMR spectroscopy and compared with model calculations. This resulted in a close match only if it was presupposed that the incorporation was carried out randomly with the same degree of probability at any point whatsoever between two lauryl lactam structural units or at the chain end.Further calculations illustrate the effects of the incorporation of the chain regulator on the size of the amorphous portion.
    Notizen: Als Hartblöcke in Polyetherblockamiden werden durch Dicarbonsäuren stark geregelte Polyamide eingesetzt. Da die Säure in Hinblick auf das Schmelz- und Kristallisationsverhalten einen Störbaustein in der Kette darstellt und bei einem ausgeregelten Produkt jede Kette ein Säuremolekül enthält, ist es von Bedeutung zu wissen, wo in der Kette der Einbau erfolgt. Anders als bei monofunktionellen Reglern, wo der Regler stets ein Kettenende bildet, kann ein bifunktioneller Regler a priori auch statistisch im Inneren der Kette eingebaut werden. Dies führt zu einer viel stärkeren Störung, als wenn das Reglermolekül und das sowieso als Störstelle wirkende Kettenende zusammenfallen. Anhand adipinsäuregeregelter Oligoamide auf Basis von Laurinlactam wird kernresonanzspektroskopisch der Einbau des Reglers untersucht und mit Rechnungen verglichen. Es ergibt sich nur dann gute Übereinstimmung, wenn vorausgesetzt wird, daß der Einbau statistisch erfolgt und dabei mit gleicher Wahrscheinlichkeit für jede beliebige Stelle zwischen zwei Laurinlactambausteinen oder am Kettenende abläuft. Weitere Rechnungen verdeutlichen den Einfluß des Reglereinbaus auf die Größe des amorphen Anteils.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1989.051690118
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stoffwechselprodukte von Mikroorganismen. 231. Mitteilung230. Mitteilung s. [1].. Bafilomycin-A1-21-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosid): Strukturaufklärung durch chemische Verknüpfung mit Bafilomycin A1 und Leucanicidin (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 68 (1985), S. 83-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Isolation of Bafilomycin-A1-21-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranoside). Structural Determination by Chemical Correlation with Bafilomycin A1 and LeucanicidinFrom cultures of an actinomycete strain, the known antifungal and insecticidal antibiotic leucanicidin (1) and a hitherto unknown antifungal antibiotic, bafilomycin-A1-21-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranoside) (2), were isolated. The latter is spectroscopically closely related to 1 and bafilomycin A1 (3) and gave degradation products identical with compounds obtained by analogous degradation of 1 and 3.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19850680111
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