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  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • dog  (2)
  • 16.16d  (1)
  • 43.35d  (1)
  • Cell wall  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Scanning near-field acoustic microscopy (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Schlagwort(e): 16.16d ; 43.35d
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Scanning near-field acoustic microscopy (SNAM) is a new method for imaging the topography of nonconducting surfaces at a potential lateral resolution in the sub-micron range. The basic element of this method is a distance sensor consisting of a sharply pointed vibrating tip, which is part of a high-Q quartz resonator driven at its resonance frequency. The decrease of the resonance frequency or of the amplitude of vibration when an object comes into the proximity of the tip serves as the important signal. The dependence of this signal on pressure and composition of the coupling gas shows that the hydrodynamic forces in the gas are responsible for the coupling between object and tip. The sensor is incorporated into a scanning device. Well-resolved line scans of a grating of 8 μm periodicity, a lateral resolution of 3 μm and a vertical resolution of 5nm have been achieved in our first experiments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694423
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of prehepatic insulin administration on alanine flux rates in diabetic dogs (1987)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 30 (1987), S. 402-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Alanine metabolism ; insulin-dependent diabetes ; dog ; isotopic study ; portal insulin infusion ; artificial B cell
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The in vivo flux rates of glucose (6-3H-glucose) and of alanine (U-14C-alanine) were measured in insulin-dependent chronically diabetic dogs which were infused with insulin employing a bedside-type artificial B cell and either the peripheral or the portal venous route. In comparison with non-diabetic control animals the diabetic dogs had near-normal patterns of glucose metabolism and pancreatic glucagon regardless of the route of insulin administration. They also showed reduced basal portal but moderately elevated peripheral insulin levels on peripheral and near-normal peripheral values on portal insulin infusion. Both concentration and production rates of alanine were reduced on peripheral (0.142±0.016mmol/l, 4.73±0.49 μmol·kg−1·min−1, p〈 0.05) but normal on portal insulin (0.206±0.030 mmol/l, 6.33±0.63 μmol·kg−1 ·min−1). The alanine clearance was slightly elevated or normal in the diabetic dogs, and the glucose production from alanine showed a strongly delayed response to an exogenous glucose load on either route of insulin administration. It is concluded that the peripheral hyperinsulinism during posthepatic insulin administration stimulates glucose utilisation to a normal extent, but inhibits the provision of amino groups in resting muscle. Alanine synthesis is thereby reduced, and the carbon moieties are shunted from glucose into circulating lactate. Long-term studies are needed to elucidate the role of the liver under these conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292542
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Alterations in alanine metabolism in diabetic dogs during short-term treatment with an artificial B cell (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 763-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Artificial B cell ; dog ; experimental diabetes ; alanine metabolism ; gluconeogenesis ; tracer study
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The flux rates of plasma glucose and alanine were studied isotopically (6-3H-glucose and U-14C-alanine simultaneously) in resting chronically diabetic dogs during short-term treatment with an artificial B cell where the insulin was infused into a peripheral vein. Despite perfect blood glucose control and normal glucose flux rates, the concentration and rates of appearance and disappearance of alanine were significantly elevated in the diabetic animals before, during and after an exogenous glucose load. The incorporation of the carbon moiety of alanine into circulating glucose was also increased, but diminished to a near-normal extent when exogenous glucose was given. The plasma clearance rates for alanine in the diabetic dogs were normal throughout the study. It is concluded that normal blood glucose control in diabetes does not necessarily mean normalization of the entire metabolic network. On the basis of peripheral hyperinsulinaemia alanine formation from glucose and branched chain amino acids is elevated in muscle. This may explain increased flux of alanine despite normal blood glucose control.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265025
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Orinithine as a constituent of the peptidoglycan of Chloroflexus aurantiacus, diaminopimelic acid in that of Chlorobium vibrioforme f. thiosulfatophilum (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 148 (1987), S. 72-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Chlorobium ; Chloroflexus ; Cell wall ; Diaminopimelic acid ; Muramic acid-6-phosphate ; Ornithine ; Peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complex
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract L-Ornithine is the only diamino acid of the peptidoglycan of the gliding phototrophic Chloroflexus aurantiacus. The other constituents are L- and D-alanine, D-glutamic acid, N-acetyl-glucosamine and N-acetyl-muramic acid (in part as muramic acid-6-phosphate), all in approximate equimolar ratios to L-ornithine, aside from small amounts of glycine and histidine. Furthermore unlike typical Gram-negative bacteria, protein is not bound to this peptidoglycan. Instead, the rigid layer (sodium dodecyl sulfate insoluble cell wall fraction) contained large amounts of a complex polysaccharide consisting of sugar O-methyl ethers, hexoses and pentoses. Its binding site is presumably muramic acid-6-phosphate of the peptidoglycan. In contrast, in Chlorobium vibrioforme f. thiosulfatophilium, meso-diaminopimelic acid was found as the only diamino acid of this peptidoglycan. As with other Gramnegative bacteria, L- and D-alanine, D-glutamic acid, N-acetyl-glucosamine and N-acetyl-muramic acid (no muramic acid-6-phosphate) were observed in approximate equimolar ratios to meso-diaminopimelic acid, except a lower D-alanine content. The rigid layer of Chlorobium vibrioforme f. thiosulfatophilum contained protein, and there were no indications for a complex polysaccharide comparable to that of Chloroflexus aurantiacus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429651
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