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  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • Barley aleurone  (2)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (2)
  • Lycopersicon
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 138 (1987), S. 73-88 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: ATPase ; Barley aleurone ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Gibberellic acid ; Golgi apparatus ; Secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The cytochemical localization of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) was studied in the aleurone layer of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Himalaya). Isolated barley aleurone layers secrete numerous enzymes having acid phosphatase activity, including ATPase. The secretion of these enzymes was stimulated by incubation of the aleurone layer in gibberellic acid (GA3). ATPase was localized using the metal-salt method in tissue incubated in CaCl2 with and without GA3. In sections of tissue incubated without GA3, cytochemical staining was confined to a narrow band of cytoplasm adjacent to the starchy endosperm and to the cell wall of the innermost tier of aleurone cells. Cytochemical staining was absent from the organelles of tissues not treated with GA3. In tissue incubated in the presence of GA3, cytochemical staining was evident throughout the cytoplasm and cell walls of the tissue. In the cell wall, electron-dense deposits were found only in digested channels. The cell-wall matrix of GA3-treated aleurone did not stain, indicating that it does not permit diffusion of enzyme. In the cytoplasm of GA3-treated aleurone, all organelles except microbodies, plastids, and spherosomes stained for ATPase activity; endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and mitochondria showed intense deposits of stain. The ER of the aleurone is a complex system made up of flattened sheets of membrane, which may be associated with both the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane. The dictyosome did not stain uniformly for ATPase activity; rather there was a gradation in staining of the cisternae from thecis (lightly stained) to thetrans (heavily stained) face. Vesicles associated with dictyosome cisternae also stained intensely as did the protein bodies of GA3-treated aleurone cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Barley aleurone ; Fluorescein diacetate ; Propidium iodide ; Protoplasts ; Viability determination ; Vital stains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The utility of numerous dyes for determining the viability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Himalaya) aleurone protoplasts was studied. Protoplasts isolated from the barley aleurone layer synthesize and secrete α-amylase isozymes in response to treatment with gibberellic acid (GA) and Ca2+. These cells also undergo dramatic morphological changes which eventually result in cell death. To monitor the viability of protoplasts during incubation in GA and Ca2+, several types of fluorescent and nonfluorescent dyes were tested. Evans blue and methylene blue were selected as nonfluorescent dyes. Living cells exclude Evans blue, but dead cells and cell debris stain blue. Both living and dead cells take up methylene blue, but living cells reduce the dye to its colorless form whereas dead cells and cell debris stain blue. The relatively low extinction coefficient of these dyes sometimes makes it difficult to distinguish blue-stained cells against a background of blue dye. Several types of fluorescent dyes were tested for their ability to differentially stain dead or living cells. Tinopal CBS-X, for example, stains only dead cells, and its high extinction coefficient allows its ultraviolet fluorescence to be recorded even when preparations are simultaneously illuminated with visible light. To double-stain protoplasts, the most effective stain was a combination of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI). By employing a double-exposure method to record the fluorescence from cells stained with both FDA and PI, dead and living cells could be distinguished on the basis of fluorochromasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 35 (1986), S. 575-582 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lycopersicon ; tomato ; salinity ; germination ; germplasm ; breeding ; salt-tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The potential to improve seed germination responses to salinity was evaluated for 13 accessions representing six wild Lycopersicon species and 20 accessions of L. esculentum. Germination response times increased in all accessions at 100 mM NaCl. Analysis indicated that one accession of L. peruvianum (PI126435) germinated faster under high salinity than all other accessions and was closely followed by L. pennellii (LA716). The fastest germinating L. esculentum accession, PI174263, ranked third. Additional wild ecotypes exhibiting rapid germination at 100 mM NaCl were identified among L. pimpinellifolium and L. peruvianum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 215 (1986), S. 99-105 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Rats were treated daily for 9 days with 100, 50, or 25 mg/kg phenytoin i.p. This treatment resulted in a significant increase in the thickness of the connective tissue capsules of the liver, spleen, and pancreas, and of the subepithelial connective tissue of the mesentery but not the epicardium or visceral pleura of the lung where exposure to the drug was via the vascular route. Many areas of connective tissue growth exhibited obvious proliferation of fibroblasts and in some areas contained seemingly large numbers of macrophages and an increase in vascularity. It was demonstrated by electron microscopy that the macrophages occasionally were seen in intimate contact with the fibroblasts.Our observations clearly showed that intraperitoneal exposure of visceral connective tissues of the rat to phenytoin rapidly resulted in a dose-related proliferation of that tissue. The presence of numerous macrophages leads to the suggestion that macrophage-derived growth factor could be responsible for the increased growth.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 8 (1988), S. 307-309 
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Electron energy loss spectroscopy ; Varying O2 content ; Crystallographic orientation dependence of oxygen near edge features ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The high Tc superconducting material YBa2Cu3O7 shows a complex relationship between microstructure and oxygen content, which are controlled by length of heat treatment, atmosphere, and quench rate. An AEM investigation studying changes in the oxygen near edge features was undertaken. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements have the important advantage that they can be made on single crystal grains, allowing orentation-dependent studies. Both ion-milled and crushed samples with varying O2 content were analyzed. The structure of YBaCu3O7 was determined by neutron diffraction to be orthorhombic with distinct Cu-O chains along the b-axis as well as Cu-O planes in the a - b plane. Therefore, by looking for a crystallographic dependence of the oxygen K-edge one might be able to distinguish inequivalent oxygen atoms by their core level binding energy and correlate site occupancy with varying O2 content. The EELS results on the oxygen K-edge are strongly dependent on oxygen content, most noticeably when the c-axis is parallel to the electron beam.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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