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  • 1985-1989  (12)
  • Organic Chemistry  (10)
  • CSF rhinorrhoea  (1)
  • Glycerol gradient centrifugation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lumbo-peritoneal shunt in non-hydrocephalic patients (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 80 (1986), S. 90-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Percutaneous lumbo-peritoneal shunt ; CSF rhinorrhoea ; pseudo tumour cerebri ; CSF shunt ; craniotomy ; syringomyelia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A population of 41 non-hydrocephalic patients in whom a lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) was inserted for various conditions is reviewed. 19 had persistent cerebro-spinal fluid rhinorrhoea following cranial injury, basal skull surgery or of unknown origin, 3 had recalcitrant benign intra-cranial hypertension, 14 had a persistent bulging craniotomy site after operations for intra-cranial tumours or head trauma, 4 had syringomyelia and 1 had a postoperative cervical meningocele. There was no shunt-related mortality. LPS was effective in treating the initial symptomatology in 31 patients. Further revision or removal of LPS were needed on 9 occasions in 8 patients showing shunt-related mechanical or infectious complications or persistent postural headaches. This report demonstrates the safety of the LPS procedure experienced in another population of 146 patients with communicating hydrocephalus operated on in the meantime. According to the authors' experience, the versatility of the clinical applications of LPS seems well established. LPS should be considered when a CSF diversion is required in patients showing absent or minimal ventricular enlargement in the CT scan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01812280
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of tonoplast and plasma membrane H+-ATPase from Zucchini hypocotyls by consecutive sucrose and glycerol gradient centrifugation (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 129 (1985), S. 109-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cucurbita pepo L. ; Glycerol gradient centrifugation ; H+-ATPase ; Plasma membrane ; Tonoplast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In order to isolate tonoplast and plasma membrane vesicles involved in ATP-dependent proton transport we devised a preparative procedure with two consecutive centrifugations. Three fractions were obtained on a sucrose step gradient: light microsomes, heavy microsomes, and a mitochondria-rich fraction. The light and heavy microsomal fractions were each recentrifuged on an isopycnic glycerol density gradient. Recentrifugation of light microsomes resulted in two fractions with H+-ATPase activity, one equilibrating at a density less than 1.11 g/cm3 and one equilibrating at a density of about 1.17g/cm3. Comparison with marker enzyme activities suggests that the upper fraction was enriched in tonoplast, and the dense fraction with plasma membrane. In addition to marker enzyme content, H+ transport in the H+-ATPase-containing fractions was further characterized with respect to pH dependence, cation and anion dependence, and uncouplers and inhibitors. H+ transport in all fractions was strongly dependent on the presence of halides but no specific stimulation by potassium or any other monovalent cation was found. Of the anions tested, malate and fumarate preferentially stimulated H+ transport in the tonoplast-enriched fraction. It is suggested that a Ca2+/H+ antiporter is present in all fractions. Only H+-ATPase in the plasma membrane-enriched fractions was sensitive to nystatin, an uncoupler, and to orthovanadate, an inhibitor. The tonoplast fraction was more sensitive to nitrate than the plasma membrane-enriched fraction, and all fractions showed some sensitivity to high concentrations of oligomycin. Oligomycin sensitivity was not due to the presence of mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279908
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuhn, P.; Hofmann, H.- J.: Molekulare Wirkungsmechanismen von Pharmaka. Eine Einfuhrung in die Molekularpharmakologie. - E. Hofmann, 188 S., 30 Abb., 17 Tab., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1985. Wissenschaftliche Taschenbücher (WTB/Biologie) Brosch. 16, - M (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 327 (1985), S. 1036-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19853270626
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vinyloge Acylverbindungen. XXI. 1H-NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen an 3-Chlor-propen-iminiumsalzen (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 331 (1989), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vinylogous Acyl Compounds. XXI. 1H-N.M.R. Spectroscopic Investigations on 3-Chloropropen-iminium SaltsThe 1H-n.m.r. data of a series of 3-aryl-3-chloropropeniminium salts 5 are reported. From the vicinal coupling constants 3J(H1, 2H) as well as from NOE difference spectra follows that salts of type 5 have throughout E(1,2)Z(2,3) configuration.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19893310117
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyryliumverbindungen. 44 [1]. 2-(2-Hydroxy-3-oxo-cycloalk-1-enyl)-2H-thiopyrane aus 2,4,6-Triaryl-thiopyryliumsalzen und Cycloalkan-1,2-dionen (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 331 (1989), S. 853-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pyrylium Compounds. 44. 2-(2-Hydroxy-3-oxo-cycloalk-1-enyl)-2H-thiopyranes from 2,4,6-Triarylthiopyrylium Salts and Cycloalkane-1,2-diones2,4,6-Triarylthiopyrylium salts 5 react with cyclopentane-1,2-dione (2a) or cyclo-hexane-1,2-dione (2b) in the presence of an appropriate acid binding agent (e.g. sodium acetate, piperidine acetate, triethylamine/acetic acid, triethylamine) to give the hitherto unknown 2-(2-hydroxy-3-oxo-cycloalk-1-enyl)-2H-thiopyranes 6. - The structure of the novel compounds was established by n.m.r., i.r. and u.v. spectroscopic methods.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19893310520
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyryliumverbindungen. 43 [1]. Arylsubstituierte 5-(2-Dialkylamino-thiazol-5-yl)-pentadienone aus 2,4,6-Triaryl-pyryliumsalzen und 2-Dialkylamino-4-arylthiazolen (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 331 (1989), S. 843-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pyrylium Compounds. 43. Arylsubstituted 5-(2-Dialkylamino-thiazol-5-yl)-pentadienones from 2,4,6-Triarylpyrylium Salts and 2-Dialkylamino-4-aryl-thiazoles2,4,6-Triarylpyrylium salts 1 react with 2-dialkylamino-4-aryl-thiazoles 7 (used in substance or prepared in situ from α-thiocyanato-acetophenones 9) in the presence of an appropriate acid-binding agent (e.g. piperidine acetate or sodium acetate) to give 5-(2-dialkylamino-4-aryl-thiazol-5-yl)-1,3,5-triaryl-penta-2,4-dien-1-ones 8. As reaction medium aliphatic alcohols (ethanol, n-propanol), dipolar aprotic solvents (acetonitrile) or chlorinated hydrocarbons (methylene chloride, chloroform) can be used. On the other hand, under the same conditions 2-amino-4-phenyl-thiazole (10) reacts with salts of type 1 via pyrylium ring transformation yielding 2,4,6-triaryl-1-(4-phenyl-thiazol-2-yl)-pyridinium perchlorates 11.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19893310519
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tetrazolverbindungen. 4 [1]. Alkylierung von 1-Aryl-5-(2-dimethylamino-vinyl)-1 H-tetrazolen (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 331 (1989), S. 885-892 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetrazole Compounds. 4. Alkylation of 1-Aryl-5-(2-dimethylamino-vinyl)-1 H-tetrazolesAlkylation of 1-aryl-5-(2-dimethylamino-vinyl)-1 H-tetrazoles 1 with dialkyl sulfates or alkyl iodides yields mainly 4-alkyl-1-aryl-5-(2-dimethylamino-vinyl)-1 H-tetrazolium salts which can be isolated free from isomers by separation as perchlorates 2. The reaction proceeds with retention of the E configuration of the vinyl group. In contrast to 1 the methyl groups of the dimethylamino substituent in 2 are magnetically non-equivalent indicating restricted rotation of this residue. On heating 2 with aqueous mineral acids the dimethylaminovinyl moiety undergoes degradation to a methyl group affording 4-alkyl-1-aryl-5-methyl-1 H-tetrazolium salts 4, the structure of which was confirmed by independent synthesis. With hot aqueous alkali hydroxide 2 reacts under ring cleavage to give aryl azide.  -  1H n.m.r. and u.v. spectroscopic data of the tetrazolium salts 2 and 4 are reported.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19893310602
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tetrazolverbindungen. 1. 1-Aryl-5-(2-dialkylamino-vinyl)-1H-tetrazole aus 3-Chlor-propen-iminiumsalzen (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 330 (1988), S. 963-973 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetrazole Compounds. 1. 1-Aryl-5-(2-dialkylamino-vinyl)-1H-tetrazoles from 3-Chloropropeniminium Salts3-Chloropropeniminium salts 1 react with excess sodium azide in refluxing alcohols to give mainly 1-aryl-5-(2-dialkylamino-vinyl)-1H-tetrazoles 3; in minor quantities isomeric 5-aryl-1-(2-dialkylamino-vinyl)-1H-tetrazoles 4 are formed. The reaction involves splitting off N2 and C → N migration of the aryl and dialkylaminovinyl group, respectively. A cross-over experiment indicated that the rearrangement step proceeds intramolecularly.  -  The i.r., u.v., and n.m.r. spectroscopic data of the novel 1H-tetrazoles 3 as well as the u.v. spectra of some new starting products 1k - v are reported.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19883300617
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tetrazolverbindungen. 3. Modifizierung von (1-Aryl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-acetaldehyd-Enaminen durch säurekatalysierte Umaminierung (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 330 (1988), S. 981-992 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetrazole Compounds. 3. Modification of 1-Aryl-1H-tetrazole-5-acetaldehyde Enamines by Acid-Catalyzed TransaminationThe acid-catalyzed transamination of tetrazole-5-acetaldehyde enamines proves to be a useful synthetic method for preparing specially N-substituted enamines of this series not accessible directly from 3-chloro-propeniminium salts 3 and sodium azide. Thus, starting from (E)-1-aryl-5-(2-dimethylamino-vinyl)-1H-tetrazoles 5 transamination with dialkylamines yields tertiary enamines of types 6 and 7. Analogously, acid-catalyzed reaction of 5 with N-alkylanilines leads to 1-aryl-5-[2-(N-alkylanilino)-vinyl]-1H-tetrazoles 8. Bifunctinal secondary amines such as N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine result in systems of type 9 with two linked tertiary tetrazolyvinylamino groups. All the transaminations with secondary amines proceed with retention of configuration. According to the same reaction scheme transamination of 5 (Ar = Ph) with primary alkyl-, aralkyl-, and arylamines affords secondary tetrazolylvinylamines 10; however, here the formation of Z-configurated products dominates. Bifunctional primary amines like ethylenediamine and 1,2-phenylenediamine react with 5 to give the N,N′-linked systems 11 and 12 possessing two secondary tetrazolylvinylamino groups. - Characteristic i.r., u.v., and 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopic data of the novel tetrazole-5-acetaldehyde enamines are reported.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19883300619
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyryliumverbindungen. 41. 7aH-Cyclopenta[b]pyran-7-one durch Ringtransformation von 2,4,6-Triaryl-pyryliumsalzen mit acyclischen 1,2-Diketonen (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 331 (1989), S. 293-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pyrylium Compounds. 41. 7aH-Cyclopenta[b]pyran-7-ones by Ring Transformation of 2,4,6-Triarylpyrylium Salts with Acyclic 1,2-DiketonesReaction of 2,4,6-triarylpyrylium salts 1 with acyclic 1,2-diketones 2 (CH3COCOR, R = Me, Ph) in the presence of an appropriate condensing agent (e.g. piperidine acetate, triethyl-amine/acetic acid, sodium acetate) yields the hitherto unknown 2,4,5,7a-substituted 7aH-cyclopenta[b]pyran-7-ones 3 as a result of a new type of ring transformation (2,5-[C4O+C]/2,3-[C2+C3]). A characteristic feature of compounds 3 is their ability to undergo electrophilic substitutions. Thus, stepwise bromination of the 7a-methyl derivative 3a in acetic acid affords 6-bromo-7a-methyl-2,4,5-triphenyl-cyclopenta[b]pyran-7-one (4) and 3,6-dibromo-7a-methyl-2,4,5-triphenyl-cyclopenta[b]pyran-7-one (5); analogously, nitration of 3a leads to 7a-methyl-6-nitro-2,4,5-triphenyl-cyclopenta[b]pyran-7-one (6), indicating that position 6 is the favoured position for electrophilic substitutions. Contrary to the 3,5-unsubstituted pyrylium salts 1, the 3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6-triphenyl-pyrylium perchlorate (13) reacts with 1,2-diketones 2 through a 2,6-[C5+C] transformation to give arylsubstituted 1,2-diones 14. The structure of the new compounds was determined by spectroscopic methods and by a single crystal X-ray analysis of the dibromo derivative 5.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19893310216
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