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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of lipid A from the lipopolysaccharide of Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa 29/1 (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 141 (1985), S. 279-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhodopseudomonas gelationosa ; Lipid A structure ; Toxicity of lipid A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the lipid A component of Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa 29/1 lipopolysaccharide was established. It constitutes a β-1,6-glucosamine disaccharide substituted on either side by ester-and glycosidically-bound phosphate residues. Both phosphate groups are in turn nonstoichiometrically substituted by ethanolamine. The amino groups of the disaccharide are N-acylated by 3-acyloxyacyl residues: that at the reducing glucosamine by 3-O-(14:0) 10:0, and that at the non-reducing one by 3-O-(12:0)10:0. Hydroxyl groups at C-3 and C-3′ are esterified by hydroxycapric acid. Hydroxyl groups at C-4 and C-6′ in free hydroxycapric acid. Hydroxyl groups at C-4 and C-6′ in free lipid A were shown to be unoccupied by methylation with diazomethane. A similar methylation of the intact lipopolysaccharide revealed a free hydroxyl group only at C-4, indicating that C-6′ is the attachment site of 3-deoxy-d-anno-octulosonic acid. By preparative thin-layer chromatography free lipid A could be resolved into at least two major and one minor fractions. Lipid A of R. gelatinosa 29/1 shows high lethal toxicity, comparable to that of Salmonella lipid A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428837
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipopolysaccharides of Thiobacillus species containing lipid A with 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 149 (1987), S. 106-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ; Thiobacillus thiooxidans ; Thiobacillus novellus ; Thiobacillus sp. ; Lipid A ; Lipopolysaccharide ; 2,3-Diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides were isolated from two strains of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and one strain each of Thiobacillus thiooxidans, Thiobacillus novellus and Thiobacillus sp. IFO 14570. Neutral sugars, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, fatty acids and the rare 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose were detected in all lipopolysaccharides. Lipopolysaccharides of both T. ferrooxidans strains contained l-glycero-d-manno-heptose, whereas that of T. thiooxidans contained both l-glycero-d-manno-heptose and d-glycero-d-manno-heptose. On the other hand, heptoses were absent in lipopolysaccharides of T. novellus and Thiobacillus sp. IFO 14570. Lipid A of T. ferrooxidans and T. thiooxidans contained both glucosamine and 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose, in contrast, lipid A of T. novellus and the Thiobacillus sp. IFO 14570 most likely contain only 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose as backbone sugar. Deoxycholate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed S-type character for all lipopolysaccharides studied. The significance of the lipopolysaccharide composition for taxonomic and phylogenetic questions with regard to thiobacilli is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425074
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipopolysaccharide of Providencia rettgeri (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 144 (1986), S. 213-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Providencia rettgeri ; Lipid A structure ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The chemical constitutional analysis of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from Providencia rettgeri was carried out. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using sodium dodecylsulfate or sodium deoxycholate showed that the lipopolysaccharide mostly consisted of short sugar chains. The lipid A was precipitated out after mild acid hydrolysis of LPS. From the supernatant degraded polysaccharide and unsubstituted core fractions were isolated. Compositional analysis of the core material revealed the presence of galacturonic acid, galactose, glucose, glucosamine, l-glycero-d-manno-heptose, 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid, alanine and phosphorus. Methylation analysis of the core material indicated the presence of terminal units of glucose, galacturonic acid and glucosamine. The chemical structure of the lipid A was elucidated. It constitutes a β-1,6-glucosamine disaccharide substituted on either side by ester and glycosidically-bond phosphate residues. The ester-bound phosphate was found to be substituted by a 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinosyl residue. The amino groups of the backbone disaccharide are N-acylated by 3-O-(14:0)14:0 and 3-O-14:0. Two hydroxyl groups of the disaccharide are esterified by 3-O-(14:0)14:0 and 3-O-14:0. The taxonomical importance of these structural details will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410949
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical composition of the lipopolysaccharides of Rhodobacter sulfidophilus, Rhodopseudomonas acidophila, and Rhodopseudomonas blastica (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 143 (1985), S. 32-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Lipopolysaccharide ; Lipid A ; Rhodobacter sulfidophilus ; Rhodopseudomonas acidophila ; Rhodopseudomonas blastica ; Phototrophic bacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The lipopolysaccharides of Rhodobacter sulfidophilus and the two budding species Rhodopseudomonas acidophila and Rhodopseudomonas blastica were isolated and chemically analyzed. The all have a lipid A backbone structure with glucosamine as the only amino sugar. The lipid A's of Rb. sulfidophilus and Rps. blastica contain phosphate, their fatty acids are characterized by ester-linked, unsubstituted 3-OH-10:0 and amide-linked 3-OH-14:0 (Rb. sulfidophilus) or 3-oxo-14:0 (Rps. blastica). Lipid A of Rps. acidophila is free of phosphate and contains the rare 3-OH-16:0 fatty acid in amide linkage. The lipopolysaccharides of all three species contain 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate (KDO) but are devoid of heptoses. Neutral sugars with the exception of glucose are lacking in the lipopolysaccharide of Rb. sulfidophilus. This shows a high galacturonic acid content. The lipopolysaccharides of Rps. acidophila and Rps. blastica have neutral sugar spectra indicative for typical O-chains (rhamnose, mannose, galactose, glucose in both species, and in Rps. blastica additionally 2-O-methyl-6-deoxy-hexose). The taxonomic value of the data is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414764
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides in purple nonsulfur bacteria (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 150 (1988), S. 584-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Lipopolysaccharide ; Sialic acids ; Core region ; Purple nonsulfur bacteria ; N-Acetylneuraminic acid ; Rhodobacter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from a number of purple nonsulfur bacteria and of phylogenetically related species were analyzed for the presence of sialic acid by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Species and strains of the genera Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodospirillum, Rhodocyclus and Rhodopila were investigated, sialic acid, however, was found only in the genus Rhodobacter. It occurs in strains of Rhodobacter capsulatus, R. sphaeroides, R. sulfidophilus and R. veldkampii. All these species belong to the α-3 subgroup of purple bacteria as defined by 16S rRNA catalogues. Approximately equimolar ratios of sialic acid and of 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate (KDO) were found in isolated LPSs. Sodium deoxycholate gel electrophoresis of these LPS-samples also suggested a location of sialic acid in the LPS “core” region. Sialic acid was present only in those LPSs, which exhibited a “complete core region”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408254
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