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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 556 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Dextran 40 ; Cerebral blood flow ; Cerebral metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A controlled double-blind evaluation of the effects of Dextran 40 at different concentrations on cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral oxygen consumption (CMRO2) and cerebral lactate production (CMRLact) was carried out. We studied 40 patients in coma due to recent head injury. Concentrations of Dextran solution were not significantly related to variations in CBF and metabolic rate over the period of infusion. The lack of effect of the Dextran infusion may be explained by the absence of global brain ischemia in these patients at the time of the study. The very low initital CBF values were a consequence of brain metabolic depression and not a sign of global ischaemia. The rheological benefits of treatment with Dextran 40 in head injured patients should preferably be investigated using techniques which permit detection of local changes in CBF and metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 34 (1988), S. 535-538 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: meta-analysis ; clinical trials ; methodology ; biostatistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An international conference of clinicians, clinical investigators and biostatisticians discussed meta-analysis in relation to clinical trials, i.e. the combination of data from separate studies for the purpose of obtaining information that cannot be derived from the individual studies. Meta-analysis can be a helpful tool for generating hypotheses for future trials, for studying the consistency of trials of the same or similar goals, and for generating more precise estimates of effect. There are still a number of unresolved questions about the methodology and interpretation of meta-analysis. Better and more uniform reporting of primary studies would increase the usefulness of meta-analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: growth hormone releasing factor ; radio-immunoassay ; pharmacokinetics ; variance model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three ranges of doses of growth hormone releasing factor (2.5–80 µg, 80–320 µg and 75–600 µg) were intravenously administered to healthy young volunteers in three double blind studies. Serum circulating GRF levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. Experimental concentration curves were fitted, using the extended least squares method, to a biexponential model for the structural model and power function for the variance model. The power variance model, compared to the constant variance model greatly reduced the coefficient of variation of the biexponential parameters. The power of the variance model was estimated to be 1.95. The distribution half-life was 6.6 min and the elimination half-life was 39.0 min (harmonic means). Total clearance was 0.12±0.01 µg/l/min. No difference between these parameters was found for the various doses. GRF kinetics was linear established in the range 10 to 600 µg which means that elimination was not altered by the increased doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 335-336 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Pre-injection period changes ; inotropic effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: mexiletine ; disopyramide ; inotropic effect ; systolic time intervals ; normal subjects ; plasma levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A placebo-controlled, single blind, cross-over study was done to evaluate the inotropic effects of single oral doses of mexiletine and disopyramide assessed by the measurement of Systolic Time Intervals (STI). Each of 8 healthy volunteers received five treatments in random order: 200 and 400 mg mexiletine, 100 and 200 mg disopyramide, and placebo. There was a significant increase in cumulated PEP after 400 mg mexiletine and 200 mg disopyramide. There was no significant change in LVET and QS2. Peak plasma levels were in the lower range of the reputed antiarrythmic levels. Plasma concentration-effect relationships are discussed. Although the study revealed large inter- and intrasubject variability in the measured STIs, it is concluded that a negative inotropic effect was detected despite the low plasma levels of the minor negative inotropic drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: growth hormone releasing factor ; adult healthy men ; growth hormone response ; h-GRF-I-44 NH2 ; dose response ; prolactin secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The dose-effect relationship of an i.v. bolus of synthetic h-GRF-44 on growth-hormone and prolactin secretion has been studied. Seven healthy adult volunteers received in a random order h-GRF-44 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 µg and a placebo. Plasma growth hormone (GH) was determined between 30 min before and 240 min after injection, the area under the curve (AUC) and the peak GH level being used to assess the response. For both parameters a dose-effect relationship was observed. Doses as low as 2.5 µg were capable of eliciting a rise in GH plasma levels in few patients. Above 40 µg the dose-effect curves tended to plateau, although the decrease in the slope of the dose-effect curve at the peak was more marked. Intersubject variability was large, so precise determination of the minimal effective dose as well as the lowest dose giving a maximal effect was not possible. The available evidence suggests that the i.v. dose of synthetic h-GRF-44 (SR 95228) which is likely to promote GH release into the blood stream in most healthy adults is within the range 40–100 µg. In these healthy adults unwanted effects were infrequent with these low doses. Unlike previous experience with higher doses of another synthetic h-GRF-44, prolactin secretion in this study was not affected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 31 (1987), S. 559-562 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: systole ; inotropic activity ; pharmacodynamic screening ; mexelitine ; disopyramide ; healthy volunteers ; pre-ejection period
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since heart rate (HR) is an important determinant of the duration of systole, systolic time intervals (STI) from 8 healthy subjects were examined after infusion of atropine. As no overall correlation was found between HR and pre-ejection period (PEP), the results confirm the need for individual estimates of the correction of the left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and the total electromechanical systole (OS2). In the same subjects the sensitivity of PEP to minor negative inotropic effects of mexiletine and disopyramide measured at Cmax was confirmed. Thus, in addition to its simplicity and reliability, the sensitivity of the uncorrected PEP should encourage use of this technique as part of any screening system for the early detection of an inotropic effect of new chemical entities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 527-529 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: pinacidil ; vasodilatation ; plethysmography ; calf blood flow ; hypotension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypotensive and peripheral vascular effects of two different oral formulations of pinacidil were investigated in twelve healthy male volunteers. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate and calf blood flow were measured on Days 1 and 7. The vasodilator activity of both formulations was confirmed by a significant increase in calf blood flow on both days, which was correlated with a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure. There was no differences between the tablet and the pellet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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