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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immediate contact reactions to benzoic acid and the sodium salt of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid Comparison of various skin sites (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 20 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Benzocc acid (BA) and the sodium salt of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (NaPCA) were tested in 13 healthy persons to obtain information about, firstly, the irritant properties of NaPCA and, secondly. the reactivity of various skin sites. BA at 16, 8, and 4 mM pet., anil NaPCA at 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25% in water, were applied to the forehead, check, neck and upper back Erythema reatt.imis were observed visually, and the changes in ihe skin blood How were monitored using a laser-Floppier flowmeter. BA at 16 mM mcreused Wood flow on the cheek of 12 tesl subjects, and on the neck, forehead and upper back of 6 subjects, but S and 4 mM BA elicited reactions only on the cheek. NaPCA caused reactions on the upper back of 3 test subjects only, but not on oilier test sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1989.tb03093.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypersensitivity reactions to food additives (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 42 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Only seldom have food additives been shown to cause true allergic (immunological) reactions. Adverse effects due to various pharmacological or other mechanisms are much more common. The individual tolerance may be decreased for one reason or another, and may fluctuate from time to time. Many patients suffering from food additive reactions have atopic constitutions and such clinical symptoms as flexural dermatitis, rhinitis and asthma. The most important skin symptoms caused by food additives are urticaria, angioneurotic edema, and contact urticaria. Azo dyes, benzoic acid and several other common food additives may aggravate or, more rarely, even cause urticaria. Spices are one of the most common causes of immunological contact urticaria. Non-immunological contact urticaria is produced by numerous spices, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, cinnamic acid, and many essential oils. Asthma and rhinitis are the main hypersensitivity symptoms in the respiratory tract, and azo dyes, benzoic acid, and sulfitic food additives are the most common causative agents. Systemic and respiratory reactions to food colorants and benzoates have been claimed to occur more frequently in acetylsalicylic acid- (ASA-)sensitive patients than in non-reactors. Hypersensitivity reactions in organs other than the skin and respiratory tract are rare or poorly documented. Psychological factors play an essential role in both food and food additive reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb00386.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency of sensitisation to the preservative Kathon® CG (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 18 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The incidences of sensitisation to Kathon® CG are reported for patients routinely tested from 1984 to 1986 in Bari. London. Louvain, Nijmegen, Oulu and San Francisco, For these 3 years, the overall frequency of sensitisation varied for women from 3.3% in Oulu to 0.6% in London and San Francisco and for men from 1.4% in Oulu to 0% in San Francisco. Women were predominantly sensitised, probably by cosmetics, toiletries and domestic cleaners. Occupational sensitisation was much less frequent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02832.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of sorbitan sesquioleate on nonimmunologic immediate contact reactions to benzoic acid (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 19 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to study the effects of an emulsifier on non-immunologic immediate contact reactions, 500, 250,125, 62, and 31 mM benzoic acid (BA) was tested in 12 medical students on a skin area of the upper back treated with sorbitan sesquioleate in yellow petrolatum (20:80) 3 times daily for 2 days and on a contralateral skin area treated with petrolatum. The test areas were visually observed and the changes in the skin blood flow were monitored using laser-Doppler flowmetry 40 min after application. The reactions to 250 and 125 mM BA in petrolatum were stronger on the skin area treated with sorbitan sesquioleate than on the reference site treated with petrolatum. In visual observation and in laser-Doppler flowmetry. BA in the mixture of sorbitan sesquioleate and petrol-atum (20:80) produced weaker reactions than in petrolatum. both on the sorbitan sesquioleate treated skin site and on the site treated with petrolatum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02954.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    European multicenter study of the TRUE Test™ (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 19 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A new, standardized, ready-to-apply patch test, the TRUE Test™, has been evaluated on 698 consecutive patients with suspected contact dermatitis. The patients were tested with 12 different allergens. Simultaneously, the same 12 allergens in pet. (Trolab®) were applied symmetrically to the opposite side of the upper back using the conventional Finn Chamber® technique. There were positive test reactions to all 12 allergens lusted in the patient group. The concordance of positive reactions between the TRUE Test™ and the Finn Chamber® test was 67%; 13% of all positive reactions were recorded only for the TRUE Test™ and 20% only for the Finn Chamber® method. The frequency of questionable and irritant reactions was of the same low order of magnitude for both tests methods; such reactions were recorded an around 2% of all test patches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb05504.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spice allergy: results of skin prick tests and RAST with spice extracts (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 44 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Skin prick tests (SPT) with freeze-dried spices and 5% (w/v) spice extracts were performed on 50 patients with 2 + or stronger SPT reactions to spices per se, and RAST were performed on 10 of them. Freeze-dried extracts produced mostly equal or stronger SPT reactions than corresponding whole spices, but 5 % (w/v) extracts produced weaker reactions and also remained totally negative in some patients. Positive RAST results were seen in all 10 patients tested. The correlation between the RAST and SPT results was good for mustard and paprika, but poor for cayenne, coriander, caraway and white pepper. Five patients with positive SPT and RAST for spices contracted rhinitis from powdered spices in their working environments, and one patient suffered from gastrointestinal pains caused by spiced food. The others had noticed no clinical symptoms caused by spices. The present results thus indicate that both SPT and RAST should include purified spice extracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00447.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The carcinogenic properties of topical PUVA (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 278 (1986), S. 347-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Methoxsalen ; PUVA-therapy ; Skin cancers ; Carcinogenesis, experimental
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tumorigenic properties of topical methoxsalen (8-MOP) and trioxsalen (TMP) plus ultraviolet light A (UVA) were studied in NMRI female mice. The animals were treated three times weekly for 9 months, and followed up for 18 months. Acetonic solutions of TMP (0.1 mg in 0.2 ml) and 8-MOP (0.6 mg in 0.2 ml) were applied to the shaved back skin of the mice and irradiated with UVA. The doses needed to elicit equivalent phototoxic effects were 0.29 J/cm2 in the TMP group and 1.09 J/cm2 in the 8-MOP group. Papillomas, keratoacanthomas, and squamous cell carcinomas developed in the 8-MOP group only, and the first tumor was seen at 10 months after the beginning of the study. The results suggest that the carcinogenicity of these two modes of photochemotherapy may differ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418161
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultraviolet light inhibits nonimmunologic immediate contact reactions to benzoic acid (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 280 (1988), S. 420-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Nonimmunologic immediate contact reactions ; Contact urticaria ; Laser-Doppler flowmetry ; UV erythema ; Benzoic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of ultraviolet B (UVB) and ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation on nonimmunologic immediate contact reactions (NIICRs) induced by benzoid acid (BA) was studied in 14 and 13 test subjects, respectively. 10×20 cm areas of the back skin were irradiated with 0.08, 0.16, and 0.24 J/cm2 UVB, and with 20 and 60 J/cm2 UVA. Five concentrations of BA were applied to the UV-exposed and nonexposed areas on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 21st day after UVB irradiation and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th day after UVA irradiation. Forty minutes after BA application, erythema and edema reactions were observed visually, and changes in the skin blood flow were monitored using laser-Doppler flowmetry. The highest dose of UVB significantly inhibited NIICRs for 3 weeks. The lower doses of UVB had a weaker effect. Both doses of UVA diminished blood flow in NIICRs to lower concentrations of BA for 14 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429981
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