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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effects of manganese and magnesium on two types of slowly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptor afferent units in frogs (1986)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 406 (1986), S. 218-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cutaneous mechanoreceptors ; Manganese ; Magnesium ; Frog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract While perfusing a frog leg with various solutions, the mechanical responsiveness of slowly adapting (SA) cutaneous mechanoreceptor afferent units innervating the plantar surface of the hindfoot was examined. Perfusion with normal Ringer solutions enhanced the mechanical responsiveness of two types of the SA units, irregularly discharging Frog type I units and regularly discharging Frog type II units, in comparison with that by normal blood supply. On the other hand, when the perfusion was made with Ringer solutions containing Ca blockers, i.e., Mn and Mg, the response magnitudes of both units were reversibly and dose-dependently decreased. Ringer solutions containing 3 mM Mn or 20 mM Mg almost abolished the maintained responses of the Frog type I units to ramp stimulation of the skin, while Ringer solutions of 10 mM Mn significantly decreased those of the Frog type II units. It is suggested that Ca in the medium is a prerequisite to mechanoelectric transduction and the spike generation process at the terminal regions of these slowly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptor afferent units. Findings that the Frog type I units were quantitatively more sensitive to these Ca blockers than the Frog type II units suggest that an additional process of higher Ca-sensitivity, e.g., chemical synaptic transmission, may be involved on the way from mechanoelectric transduction to the spike generation of the Frog type I units.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00586686
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BCG induced killer cell activity (1988)
    Springer
    Urological research 16 (1988), S. 351-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Intravesical BCG ; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells ; Killer activity against natural killer cell (NK) resistant tumors, NK type precursor and effector cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the mechanism of Bacillus de Calmette Guérin (BCG) bladder instillation therapy, the killer cell activity induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) after BCG instillation was examined. Significant cytotoxic activity against natural killer (NK) cell resistant target tumor cells was detected after 3 days of instillation. To characterize this BCG induced cytotoxic activity further, human PBMNCs were cultured with BCG in vitro. From 24 h maximum cytotoxicity was obtained and continued for 3 days, then decreased slightly. Neither a DNA synthesis inhibitor Cytosine-arabinoside (Ara-C) nor a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) generation inhibitor Cyclosporine A inhibited this killer cell activation. Monoclonal antibody treatment revealed that both precursor and effector cells are Leu1-, 3a-, 7+, 11b+. The recognition specificity from cold target competition experiments was selective. Taken together NK type precursor was activated with BCG into NK type effector which has wider spectrum of target cells than usual NK cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256041
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactivity patterns to human rotavirus strains of a monoclonal antibody against VP2, a component of the inner capsid of rotavirus (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 87 (1986), S. 135-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A non-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (YO-60) against human rotavirus was found to be directed to VP2 (90,000-dalton protein), one of the two major components of the inner capsid. The reactivity patterns of the YO-60 antibody were very similar, though not identical, to those of subgroup II-specific YO-5 monoclonal antibody directed to VP6 (42,000-dalton protein), the other major component of the inner capsid. These results indicated the possible presence of a subgroup-specific antigen on VP2 in addition to the one on VP6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01310550
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual human rotavirus strains having subgroup I specificity and “long” RNA electropherotype (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 109 (1989), S. 11-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary During an epidemiological study of human rotavirus in Metro Manila, Philippines, we found 20 unusual strains which belong to subgroup I but have “long” RNA pattern typical of subgroup II human rotavirus. The RNA patterns of the 20 strains were classified into four groups though they were very similar to each other. Four strains, designated L4, L26, L27, and L34 were isolated in MA 104 cells from stool specimens. They possessed subgroup I specificity and long RNA pattern identical to that of the viruses in the original stool samples. The serotype specificity of these strains could not be determined by either enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or neutralization test, while one strain (L27) was neutralized by serotype 2-specific anti-VP4 monoclonal antibody. These strains were suggested to have an unusual antigenicity on VP7.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01310514
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different virus-precipitating activities of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies that recognize distinct sites of poliovirus particles (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 92 (1987), S. 27-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (4 C 4 and 4 F 2) against type 1 poliovirus, Mahoney strain, recognized distinct antigenic sites of the virus particles; 4 C 4 antibody bound to vertices of native and heated (56° C, 30 minutes) virus of Mahoney strain, while 4 F 2 antibody reacted with specific surface protrusions of native virus of Mahoney and Sabin strains. The difference in the location of neutralization epitopes with which the two antibodies react was confirmed in the neutralization reaction by the use of mutants resistant to 4 C 4 and 4 F 2 antibody. In immune electron microscopy, double immunodiffusion and sucrose density gradient analysis of virus-antibody complexes, the two antibodies showed a marked difference in their virus-precipitating activities. The 4 C 4 antibody recognizing vertices of the virus particle had little virus-precipitating activity. In contrast, the 4 F 2 antibody that bound to specific surface protrusions of native virus aggregated virus particle efficiently. In neutralization assays, however, the 4 C 4 antibody exhibited a slightly stronger neutralizing activity than the 4 F 2 antibody. Thus, it was suggested that the strength in precipitating activities of the two antibodies did not correlate with that in their neutralizing activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01310060
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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