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  • 1980-1984  (25)
  • 1915-1919  (1)
  • 1890-1899  (1)
  • 1
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    Unknown
    Boston, Mass., etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The North American Review. 156 (1893:Jan./June) 439 
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 321 (1982), S. 157-163 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Tl+-ions ; Excretion ; Mucosal epithelium ; Small intestine ; Large intestine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The movement of Tl+-ions was investigated on both isolated non blood-perfused jejunal and ileal segments as well as on stripped colon segments in vitro of rats. 2. After having administered radioactively labeled 204Tl-(Tl2SO4) on either the mucosal or the serosal side of these preparations only, a preferential direction of the movement of Tl+-ions from the serosal to the mucosal side was observed. In jejunal segments, the 204Tl-radioactivity at the mucosal side reached a concentration equilibrium with the concentration administered at the serosal side of the preparations. In colon segments a concentration gradient of more than 2 was established between the mucosal and the serosal side. In ileal segments the concentration of 204Tl-radioactivity in the mucosal fluid reached roughly 80% of that administered at the serosal side. 3. The amount taken up into the intestinal tissue is much higher after having administered the 204Tl-radioactivity from the serosal side than from the mucosal side. This holds true for jejunal ileal, and colonic segments. 4. In equilibrium experiments of non-everted colonic segments which were incubated on either side with the same 204Tl-concentrations the net transfer of 204Tl was determined directly. After a delay of 60 min the net transfer of 204Tl follows the rapid uptake into the intestinal tissue. 5. The net transfer as well as the tissue content of 204Tl decreases with increasing concentrations. From concentrations of 204Tl-ions of 5×10-5M on, no concentration gradient between the mucosal and the serosal side could be established. 6. The net transfer of 204Tl depends highly on temperature. At 29°C a diminished concentration gradient of the 204Tl between the mucosal and the serosal fluid was observed. At 25°C no concentration gradient could be established. The content of 204Tl in tissue, however, was not affected by this decrease of temperature. 7. The net transfer of 204Tl is nearly doubled by an increase of the K+-concentration at the mucosal side from 4.5 (normal) up to 72 mM, whereas the change of the 204Tl-content in tissue was statistically not significant. A decrease, however, of the net transfer of 204Tl is the consequence of an increased K+-concentration at the serosal side. In these segments the 204Tl content in tissue is decreased by 16% at the highest concentration of K+-ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 34 (1981), S. 38-40 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 318 (1984), S. 276-277 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 29 (1916), S. 40-40 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl and alkylidene phosphines. XII. Syntheses and properties of 2,2-dimethylpropionylphosphine and of some derivativesAt -25°C bis(trimethylsilyl)phosphine 1b and 2,2-dimethylpropionyl chloride form (2,2-dimethylpropionyl)trimethylsilylphosphine 2b. As this compound is thermally more stable than similar acyltrimethylsilylphosphines, it might be treated at -55°C with methyllithium to form the correspondig lithium phosphide 2d; after the addition of chlorotrimethylsilane [2,2-dimethyl-1-(trimethylsiloxy)propylidene]-trimethylsilylphosphine 3c is obtained. At +20°C 2b rearranges to the E and Z isomer of [2,2-dimethyl-1-(trimethylsiloxy)propylidene]phosphine 3b. The NMR data of E-3b and Z-3b differ mostly in the coupling constants. Kept in the diffuse daylight for several days 3b dimerizes to form 2,4-di(tert.butyl)-2,4-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-1,3-diphosphetane 10. In solution 10 is unstable and decomposes again to a mixture of the E und Z isomer of 3b. Reacting 3b or 3c with alcoholes all trimethylsilyl groups are replaced by hydrogen atoms and unstable 2,2-dimethylpropionylphosphane 4b is formed. Lithium(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)phosphide 4d, synthesized at -60°C from 4b and methyllithium, crystallizes with one molecule 1,2-dimethoxyethane per formula unit and is dimeric in benzene. As shown by the NMR data 4d has the structure of an alkylidene-phosphine with the lithium atom bound to oxygen. At -50°C 4d and chlorotrimethylsilane react to form 3b.
    Notes: Bis(trimethylsilyl)phosphan 1b und 2,2-Dimethylpropionylchlorid setzen sich bei -25°C zum (2,2-Dimethylpropionyl)trimethylsilylphosphan 2b um. Diese Verbindung ist thermisch beständiger als ähnliche Acyltrimethylsilylphosphane und kann daher bei -55°C mit Methyllithium in das entsprechende Lithiumphosphid 2d überführt werden; nach Zugabe von Chlortrimethylsilan isoliert man [2,2-Dimethyl-1-(trimethylsiloxy)propyliden]trimethylsilylphosphan 3c. Bei +20°C lagert sich 2b in das E- und Z-Isomere des [2,2-Dimethyl-1-(trimethylsiloxy)propyliden]-phosphans 3b um. Die NMR-Daten von E-3b und Z-3b weisen große Unterschiede in den Kopplungs-konstanten auf. Im diffusen Tageslicht dimerisiert 3b im Laufe von Tagen zum kristallinen 2,4-Di(tert.butyl)-2,4-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-1,3-diphosphetan 10. In Lösung ist 10 nicht beständig und zerfällt wieder in das E/Z-Isomerengemisch 3b. Mit Alkoholen reagieren 3b oder 3c unter Substitution der Trimethylsilylgruppen durch Wasserstoffatome zum unbeständigen 2,2-Dimethylpropionylphosphan 4b. Das durch Umsetzung mit Methyllithium bei -60°C synthetisierte Lithium-(2,2-dimethyl-propionyl)phosphid 4d kristallisiert mit einem Molekül 1,2-Dimethoxyäthan pro Formeleinheit und ist dimer in Benzol. Die NMR-Daten weisen auf das Vorliegen eines Alkylidenphosphans mit einem an das Sauerstoffatom gebundenen Lithiumatom hin. 4d reagiert bei -50°C mit Chlortrimethylsilan zu 3b.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 480 (1981), S. 38-48 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenephosphines. XVIII. Monoacetyl- and DiacetylphosphineWhen triacetylphosphine 3a is treated with methanol 4 or benzyl alcohol 6 P—C(O) bonds are cleaved and a mixture of diacetyl- 2a and monoacetylphosphine 1a is formed. The thermally labile phosphine 1a decomposes completely within a few hours at +20°C; but 2a also reacts slowly within days to give triacetylphosphine 3a and further unknown compounds. As it is found by nmr-spectroscopic studies the acidic hydrogen atoms of monoacetylphosphine 1a are both bound to phosphorus. In liquid diacetylphosphine 2a or in solutions of this compound, However, there exists an equilibrium between the keto tautomer K-2a with a PH and the enol tautomer E-2a with an O—H—O group; compared with pentane-2,4-dione 8a the keto tautomerpredo minates in 2a. As in 1,3-diketones a low temperature and a small dielectric constant of the solvent increase the amount of enol tautomer E-2a present. The 1H-nmr resonance of the enolic hydrogen atom is observed at very low field (δ = 18,3 ppm).
    Notes: Triacetylphosphan 3a reagiert mit Methanol 4 oder Benzylalkohol 6 unter Spaltung von P—C(O)-Bindungen zu einem Gemisch von Diacetyl-2a und Monoacetylphosphan 1a. Die thermisch instabile Verbindung 1a zersetzt sich vollständig innerhalb weniger Stunden bei +20°C; aber auch 2a dismutiert langsam im Laufe von Tagen zu Triacetylphosphan 3a und weiteren unbekannten Verbindungen. Nach NMR-spektroskopischen Befunden sind im Monoacetylphosphan 1a die beiden aciden Wasserstoffatome an den Phosphor gebunden. Beim Diacetylphosphan 2a stellt sich sowohl in der reinen Flüssigkeit als auch in Lösungen ein Gleichgewicht zwischen dem Keto-Tautomeren K-2a mit einer PH- und dem Enol-tautomeren E-2a mit einer O—H—O-Gruppe ein; im Vergleich zum Acetylaceton 8a ist es stärker zum Keto-Tautomeren hin verschoben. Wie bei 1,3-Diketonen begünstigen eine niedrige Temperatur und eine kleine Dielektrizitätskonstante des Lösungsmittels das Enol-Tautomere E-2a. Die 1H-NMR-Resonanz des enolischen Wasserstoffatoms wird mit einem δ-Wert von 18,3 ppm bei sehr tiefem Feld beobachtet.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 492 (1982), S. 15-27 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Trimethylsilyl Derivatives of Vb-Elements. IV. Synthesis and Structure of Lithium Bis(trimethylsilyl)antimonide · DMETris(trimethylsilyl)stibine and methyllithium react in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) to give tetramethylsilane and lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)antimonide · DME 1. The latter compound 1 crystallizes tetragonal in the acentric space group I42d; the unit cell dimensions determined at the temperature of data collection (-85°C) are: a = 1004.95(2); c = 3714.70(1) pm; Z = 8. The crystal structure determination (R = 0.030) shows the presence of screw-shaped macromolecules. The chains are built up by bis(trimethylsilyl)stibino groups and DME-coordinated lithium atoms in alternating sequence. They might be characterized by a Dornberger-Schiff symbol such as P(2)21(2) and are stacked according to rules derived by O'Keeffe and Andersson. Antimony and lithium atoms are nearly tetrahedrally surrounded. Characteristic bond distances and angles are: Sb—Si 253.2(1); Sb—Li 293.3(4); O—Li 201.1(8) pm as well as Si—Sb—Si 94.2(1); Sb—Li—Sb 130.7(3); Li—Sb—Li 144.6(4)°.
    Notes: Tris(trimethylsilyl)stiban reagiert mit Methyllithium in 1,2-Dimethoxyäthan (DME) zu Lithium-bis(trimethylsilyl)antimonid · DME 1 und Tetramethylsilan. Das Antimonid 1 kristallisiert tetragonal in der azentrischen Raumgruppe I42d mit den bei der Meßtemperatur von -85°C bestimmten Abmessungen der Elementarzelle: a = 1004,95(2); c = 3714,70(1) pm; Z = 8. Nach den Ergebnissen einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse (R = 0,030) liegen Makromoleküle in Form geschraubter Ketten vor, die sich aus Bis(trimethylsilyl)stibano-Resten und DME-komplexierten Lithiumatomen in alternierender Reihenfolge aufbauen. Sie können durch ein Dornberger-Schiff-Symbol wie P(2)21(2) charakterisiert werden und stapeln sich nach den von O'Keeffe und Andersson abgeleiteten Regeln. Die Antimon- und Lithiumatome sind verzerrt tetraedrisch koordiniert. Charakteristische Bindungslängen und -winkel sind: Sb—Si 253,2(1); Sb—Li 293,3(4); O—Li 201,1(8) pm sowie Si—Sb—Si 94,2(1); Sb—Li—Sb 130,7(3); Li—Sb—Li 144,6(4)°.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of 2,2-Dimethylpropylidynephosphane with Tungsten Hexachloride as well as the Crystal Structures of [(Cl3PO)WCl4(H9C4—C≡C - C4H9)] and [(H5C6)4As][WCl6]The reaction of 2,2-dimethylpropylidynephosphane, (CH3)3C—C≡P|, with tungsten hexachloride suspended in POCl3 results, with oxidation of the phosphorus atom, in 2,2,5,5-tetramethylhex-3-yne. This compound reacts with tungsten tetrachloride simultaneously formed to give the alkyne complex [(Cl3PO)WCl4(H9C4—C=C - C4H9)], which is dark green in colour. A small amount of tungsten hexachloride is reduced merely to tungsten pentachloride; after the addition of tetraphenyl arsonium chloride it can be isolated as [(H5C6)4As][WCl6]. For this compound, a new and very simple synthesis from WCl6, [(H5C6)4As]Cl and C2Cl4 as reducing agent is described.The structure of [(Cl3PO)WCl4(H9C4—C≡C—C4H9)] has been determined from X-ray diffraction data (R = 5.8%). The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with: {a = 1510; b = 1517; c = 849 pm; β = 93.1°; Z = 4}. The tungsten atom is sevenfold coordinated by four equatorial chlorine atoms, by the C°C group of the acetylene ligand and by the oxygen atom of the POCl3 molecule in trans position. The bulky acetylene ligand which is nearly symmetrically bound shifts the chlorine atoms towards the solvated POCl3 molecule so that no common plane with the tungsten atom is possible. With 130 pm the C°C bond length of the 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-yne ligand corresponds to a C°C double bond.The i.r. spectrum of [(H5C6)As][WCl6] shows two WCl6 strectching vibrations and therefore proves a reduction of octahedral symmetry. In agreement with the results of a crystal structure determination (space group P4/n; a = 1301; c = 780 pm; Z = 2.7%) the [WCl6]--anion has nearly exact C4V symmetry with somewhat shorter W—Cl bond lengths parallel to the fourfold axis of rotation.
    Notes: Die Reaktion von 2,2-Dimethylpropylidinphosphan, (CH3)3C—C≡P|, mit Wolframhexachlorid als Suspension in POCl3 führt unter Oxydation des Phosphors zu 2,2,5,5-Tetramethylhex-3-in, das mit zugleich entstandenem Wolframtetrachlorid den durch POCl3 solvatisierten, dunkelgrünen Alkinkomplex [(Cl3PO)WCl4(H9C4—C≡C—C4H9)] bildet. Ein Teil des Wolframhexachlorids wird nur zu Wolframpentachlorid reduziert und kann nach Zugabe von Tetraphenylarsoniumchlorid als [(H5C6)4As][WCl6] isoliert werden. Für diese Verbindung wird eine neue, sehr einfache Synthese aus WCl6, [(H5C6)4As]Cl und C2Cl4 als Reduktionsmittel beschrieben.Die Struktur von [(Cl3PO)WCl4(H9C4—C≡C—C4H9)] wurde mit Hilfe von Röntgenbeugungsdaten ermittelt (R = 5,8%). Der Komplex kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/n mit: {a = 1510; b = 1517; c = 849 pm; β 93,1°, Z = 4}. Das Wolframatom ist durch vier äquatorial angeordnete Chloratome, durch die C°C-Gruppe des Acetylen-Liganden und in trans-Position hierzu durch das Sauerstoffatom des POCl3-Moleküls siebenfach koordiniert. Der fast symmetrisch gebundene, voluminöse Acetylenligand drückt die Chloratome in Richtung auf das solvatisierte POCl3-Molekül weg, so daß keine gemeinsame Ebene mit dem Wolframatom möglich ist. Die C°C-Bindungslänge des 2,2,5,5-Tetramethylhex-3-in-Liganden entspricht mit 130 pm dem für eine C°C-Doppelbindung typischen Wert.Das IR-Spektrum von [(H5C6)4As][WCl6] läßt zwei WCl6-Valenzschwingungen erkennen und beweist damit die Verzerrung des regulären Oktaeders. Nach der Kristallstrukturbestimmung (Raumgruppe P4/n; a = 1301; c = 780 pm; Z = 2; R = 2,7%) besitzt das [WCl6]--Ion annähernd C4V-Symmetrie mit etwas kürzeren W—Cl-Bindungslängen entlang der vierzähligen Drehachse.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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