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  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronary artery distribution in bonnet monkeys (Macaca radiata) (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 203 (1982), S. 411-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Full use of nonhuman primates as a model for coronary vascular disease has been hampered by several factors, including the limited availability of detailed coronary anatomic data. This study was undertaken to identify the gross coronary arterial anatomy of the Bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata). The hearts of sixteen adult male Bonnet monkeys were subjected to postmortem coronary angiography and gross morphological examination. The main left coronary artery divided into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and the left circumflex coronary artery (LCA). The posterior descending coronary artery (PDCA) arose from the LCA in 31% of the cases and from the right coronary artery (RCA) in 56% of the hearts. Hearts from two animals (13%) had paired arteries, arising from the LCA and RCA, located in the posterior interventricular groove. The arterial supply to the sinoatrial node originated from the LCA in 69% of the animals and from the RCA in the remainder. The atrioventricular node was supplied by a branch of the RCA in 69% of the animals and from the LCA in the remainder. The coronary anatomy of the bonnet monkey resembles that of man more closely than does the dog in terms of origin of the PDCA, supply of the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes, and perfusion of the interventricular septum. The Bonnet monkey may therefore be a useful model for certain specific pathophysiological studies on the coronary circulation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092030311
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of cell numbers and volumes of bronchiolar epithelium during rabbit lung maturation (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 167 (1983), S. 359-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To estimate the numbers and volumes of bronchiolar epithelial cells during lung maturation, we examined rabbits at three time points, 30 days gestation and 4 and 17 weeks postnatal age. Morphometric measures (mean caliper diameter, surface area, and volume) of nonciliated and ciliated bronchiolar cell nuclei, using computer modeling from serial sections, showed a significant decrease in nuclear size for both cell types and a significant increase in cell volume for the nonciliated bronchiolar cell during lung maturation. A shape coefficient (β) proved to be the most efficient estimator of the number of cells per unit volume when it was used with estimates of the number of nuclei per unit area and the volumetric density of nuclei. Two-dimensional estimates of bronchiolar epithelial cell abundance (the number of nuclei per unit length or area) significantly underestimated the percentage of nonciliated bronchiolar cells as compared to three-dimensional estimates for rabbits 17 weeks of age. We have shown an inverse relationship between nonciliated and ciliated bronchiolar cell abundance during lung maturation. Nonciliated cells decreased while ciliated cells increased.We have confirmed that cytodifferentiation of the nonciliated bronchiolar cell occurs within the first 4 weeks of postnatal development. The volume of the nonciliated bronchiolar cell increased about twofold during development. Because of the concomitant decrease in nuclear volume, the cytoplasm of the cell showed an even greater increase in volume. Within the cytoplasm of the nonciliated bronchiolar cell, glycogen significantly decreased, and agranular endoplasmic reticulum (AER) and mitochondria significantly increased in volume during development. The biosynthesis of AER closely correlated with pharmacological studies of xenobiotic metabolism during rabbit lung maturation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001670306
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An elementary introduction to stereology (quantitative microscopy)Much of the material presented here is extracted from Histology and Human Micro-Anatomy, 4th ed., by Elias, Pauly, and Burns, with permission of Dr. Massimo Picein, ed., Padua, Italy, and from Elias, Hennig, and Schwartz, Stereology, Physiol. Rev. 51:158-200, 1971, with permission of the American Physiological Society.Dedicated to August Hennig. (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 159 (1980), S. 411-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Stereology is a branch of applied mathematics used for the three-dimensional analysis of organs and materials from two-dimensional measurements. Stereologic methods are versatile, easily understood, and simply applied.This paper provides anatomists with a practical guide to stereologic techniques and concepts and to ancillary morphometric methods. These methods allow investigators to calculate volume, surface, and numerical densities; make shape determinations; and calculate size distributions for spheres and rotatory ellipsoids. Other topics covered in this article include sampling methods, correction factors for shrinkage and section thickness, index of folding, automated and semiautomated image analysis, and three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections.
    Additional Material: 44 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001590407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The tracheobronchial epithelium of the bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata): A quantitative ultrastructural study (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 171 (1984), S. 25-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Since there are major differences between the airway epithelium of man and that of common laboratory species, the tracheobronchial epithelium of the bonnet macaque was characterized to evaluate its usefulness as a model for study of human conducting airways. This study compared the light microscopic, scanning electron microscopic, and ultrastructural appearance of epithelium from the posterior membranous and anterior cartilaginous trachea and mainstem bronchus. Population densities, epithelial volumetric densities, and frequency distributions of cross-sectional areas of nuclei were determined for cell types present on electron micrographs. Four epithelial cell types were distinguished by ultrastructural criteria. Basal cells were 31% of the population and were similar to those described in other species. Ciliated cells were also similar to those of other species and composed 41% of the population; their nuclei were larger than those of other cell types. Mucous goblet cells had large numbers of secretory granules with electron-dense cores and a lucent periphery. They were only 8% of the population by nuclear count but composed 20% of the epithelial volume. The fourth cell type had multiple small vesicles containing small amounts of granular material and was termed a “small mucous granule cell.” Small mucous granule cells (16% of the population) were present in greater numbers than mucous goblet cells but were a smaller proportion of the epithelial volume (8%). While population densities of cell types determined from transmission electron micrographs did not vary between sample sites, scanning electron microscopy demonstrated longitudinal streaks of secretory cells in the posterior trachea suggesting that regional differences in epithelial organization exist. We conclude that the macaque extrapulmonary airway epithelium differs from published descriptions of laboratory rodents in both cell types present and relative abundance of those cell types. Although detailed quantitative studies of human extrapulmonary airways are not available, the primate airways resemble those of man in both the types of cells present and the complexity of pseudostratification.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001710104
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