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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human intestinal diamine oxidase: Substrate specificity and comparative inhibitor study (1980)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 10 (1980), S. 108-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract For an 80-fold purified preparation of human intestinal diamine oxidase the optimum conditions of incubation, the substrate and the inhibitor specificity were tested. Putrescine was the most favoured substrate butN τ-methylhistamine and 2-methylhistamine were metabolized at optimum conditions with nearly the same velocity. Histamine reached about 50% of the reaction velocity of putrescine. Aminoguanidine and semicarbazide inhibited the human intestinal enzyme like a classical diamine oxidase. However, a distinct inhibition of human intestinal and pea seedling diamine oxidase was observed in presence of β-aminopropionitrile (weak inhibition of the human enzyme, strong inhibition of pea seedling diamine oxidase) and burimamide (strong inhibition of human intestinal enzyme, nearly no influence on pea seedling diamine oxidase). It is proposed to differentiate on the basis of functional considerations diamine oxidases with more histamine detoxicating activities from those being more involved in regulating polyamine levels in growing tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02024190
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The start of a programme for measuring diamine oxidase activity in biopsy specimens of human rectal mucosa (1981)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 11 (1981), S. 33-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In human subjects, apart from in the kidney, diamine oxidase occurs mainly in the gut. Therefore this enzyme can be used as an indicator of intestinal integrity. In biopsies of rectal mucosa the diamine oxidase activity was assayed in 55 patients, 41 having a histologically normal mucosa and 14 being diseased. The determinations of the enzymic activity were supervised by statistical quality control. In the unchanged rectal mucosa the diamine oxidase activity was 40 nmol/min×g on average. In 7 patients with rectal polyps the enzymic activity was significantly diminished in these benign tumours (x=7.7 nmol/min×g) apart from one, where it was elevated. A decrease in diamine oxidase activity was further observed in rectal carcinoma and ulcerative colitis. Whether the reduction of intestinal diamine oxidase activity accompanies premalignant or malignant states or whether it is a general sign of a disturbance of intestinal integrity remains questionable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01991451
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intestinal monoamine oxidase: Does it have a role in histamine catabolism? (1982)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 12 (1982), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The importance of intestinal diamine oxidase in histamine catabolism was proved in several series of experiments. However, intestinal monoamine oxidase might also be involved in histamine degradation either by direct deamination or by the deamination of methylated products. The soluble fraction of intestinal monoamine oxidase was purified and tested for its properties and substrate specificity by three different methods which are described in detail. Using 0.15M phosphate buffer the optimum pH was 7.4–7.6. TheK m values for serotonin and tyramine were 0.2 and 0.3×10−3 M. The most favoured substrates of the enzyme were tyramine, tryptamine and serotonin, but it was not pissible to classify the enzyme as a type A or B monoamine oxidase only by its substrate specificity. Histamine and ring methylated derivatives were not attacked by intestinal monoamine oxidase. This means that in the intestinal mucosa the oxidative pathway of histamine is completely catalysed by diamine oxidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01965107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-methyl-N-formylhydrazine: A toxic and mutagenic inhibitor of the intestinal diamine oxidase (1984)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 14 (1984), S. 351-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract N-methyl-N-formylhydrazine is the first active intermediate of the poison gyromitrin of the mushroom: false morel. This compound is a non-competitive inhibitor of human intestinal diamine oxidase (ID50=1.6×10−5 mol/l). This concentration corresponds to less than 5g of wet weight of mushroom/l. The diamine oxidases from 5 other sources are inhibited in a similar manner. Semicarbazide and aminoguanidine are 10-respectively 1000-fold more potent inhibitors of the human intestinal diamine oxidase. An involvement of the diamine oxidase inhibitory property ofN-methyl-N-formylhydrazine in toxic and mutagenic effects of the substance is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01973825
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of carcinoma growth on diamine oxidase activity in human gastrointestinal tract (1980)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 10 (1980), S. 110-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of diamine oxidase (DAO) activity was studied in patients having no carcinoma disease. Besides in gut DAO occurred in high activity only in kidney and mesenteric lymph nodes. In patients with adenocarcinoma of the large bowel or of the stomach the enzymic activity was reduced in the tumour tissue itself as compared with the adjacent mucosa in which part the highest activities were observed. In stomach it seemed most important that the enzymic activity was enhanced in the whole mucosa, also in a 10 cm distance from tumour where no histological alterations were found. This fact should be checked for significance in early tumour diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02024191
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    55.Retrospektive Aspekte in kontrollierten klinischen Studien: Sind nachträgliche Untergruppenbildungen erlaubt? (1981)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 355 (1981), S. 405-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Controlled trial ; Retrospective analysis ; Kontrollierte Studien ; retrospektive Analysen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zusätzliche Daten, die bei einer klinischen Studie anfallen, können nur außerhalb des Studienprotokolls, d. h. retrospektiv ausgewertet werden. Ein Ausschluß von Patienten scheintvor der Randomisierung möglich;nach der Randomisierung ist dieser nicht erlaubt, falls unvermeidbar, sollte er mittels eines „central blind review” durchgeführt werden.Nach Abschluß einer Studie dürfen keine Patienten ausgeschlossen werden. Unterschiede inprognostischen Faktoren bei Patientengruppen können durch eine retrospektive Stratifizierung überwunden werden. Liegen verschiedeneZielgrößen vor, so wird außer der freien Interpretation ein nachträglicher Signifikanztest auf dem 1 %-Niveau für diskutabel gehalten.
    Notes: Summary Additional data appearing in clinical trials can be evaluated only outside the protocol, i.e. retrospectively. Anexclusion of patients before randomization is feasible, awithdrawal of patients after randomization is not allowed, but if unavoidable a “central blind review” should be introduced. Noloss of patients should occur after the closing of the study. Differences inprognostic factors between groups of patients can be overcome by retrospective stratification. If there aredifferent outcomes, a subsequent significance test at the 1% level is considered as well as a free interpretation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01286879
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma histamine levels in patients in the course of several standard operations: Influence of anaesthesia, surgical trauma and blood transfusion (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 60 (1982), S. 926-934 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Standard operations ; anaesthesia ; blood transfusion ; plasma histamine ; Standardoperationen ; Anästhesie ; Bluttransfusion ; Plasmahistaminspiegel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine prospektive kontrollierte klinische Studie wurde über Veränderungen des Plasmahistamin- und Katecholaminspiegels bei 5 Standardoperationen durchgeführt. Diese Mitteilung, als erster Teil der Studie, zeigt nur die Möglichkeiten auf, eine solche Studie durchzuführen und Veränderungen des Plasmahistaminspiegels nachzuweisen. Erhöhte Plasmahistaminkonzentrationen, die einer Histaminfreisetzungsreaktion von 〉1 ng/ml entsprechen, kamen bei 8 von 25 Operationen vor. In einer explorativen statistischen Analyse wurden diese Reaktionen mit bestimmten Phasen der Anästhesie oder des chirurgischen Eingriffs in Verbindung gebracht. Bluttransfusionen tragen das Risiko in sich, „freies Histamin“ in den Patienten zu infundieren — zumal bei Filterpassage, wenn es unter erhöhtem Druck angewandt wird. Da während Operationen recht häufig „freies Histamin“ in die Zirkulation gelangt und möglicherweise schädigende Wirkungen entfaltet, ist möglicherweise eine Prämedikation mit H1- und H2-Rezeptorantagonisten ratsam.
    Notes: Summary A prospective controlled clinical trial was conducted on changes in plasma histamine and catecholamine levels during 5 standard operations. This communication, as the first part of the trial, deals only with the feasibility of such a trial and the changes in plasma histamine levels. Elevated histamine concentrations corresponding to histamine-release responses of 〉1 ng/ml occurred in 8 of 25 operations. In an explorative analysis these reponses were associated with distinct phases of anaesthesia or the surgical procedure. Blood transfusion carried the risk of infusion of “free histamine” into the patient — especially when administered under pressure. Since during operations “free histamine” enters the circulation with a rather high incidence and may cause harmful effects, premedication with H1-+H2-receptor antagonists seems worth consideration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01716949
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    37. Risikoforschung in der Chirurgie: Heutige und künftige Strategien aus der Sicht des Klinikers (1983)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 361 (1983), S. 243-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Risk ; Medical decision making ; Risiko ; Medical decision making
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Risikoforschung beschäftigt sich mit der Erkennung von unerwünschten Ereignissen. Patienten und Arzt möchten ein Risiko objektiv, quantitativ und individuell abschätzen. Als Verfahren stehen zur Verfügung: der klinische Blick, die Erhebung von Komplikationsraten und die Erstellung von prognostischen Werten. Die Nachteile dieser Verfahren sind Unsicherheit von Daten und zu geringe Berücksichtigung der individuellen Situation des Patienten. Diese Nachteile versucht das „medical decision making” zu überwinden, indem prognostische Werte im Entscheidungsbaum zu relativ individuellen, objektiven und quantitativen Risikowahrscheinlichkeiten kombiniert werden.
    Notes: Summary Risk analysis deals with the probability of undesired events. The patient as well as the clinician are interested in an objective, quantitative and individual risk assessment. The procedures of risk assessment are: clinical evaluation, survey of complication rates and determination of prognostic values. The main disadvantages of these procedures are lack of reliability and of individual judgement. This can be improved by “medical decision making”, a procedure which combines prognostic values by means of a decision tree and provides relative individual, objective and quantitative probabilities of risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275862
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