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  • 1980-1984  (10)
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 20 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: A new organic N-chloramine disinfectant (3-chloro-4, 4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone, agent I) has been compared with calcium hypochlorite as to its tendency to react with organic matter in water to produce toxic trihalomethanes. Agent I reacts much less readily with organic demand than does calcium hypochlorite. This study shows that agent I should be safe to use as a disinfectant for water containing appreciable organic load in either sunlight or darkness. On the other hand, calcium hypochlorite may not be a satisfactory disinfectant from the toxicity standpoint for water which contains organic load which must be stored for extended time periods in either sunlight or darkness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Dry cured bacon was made under carefully controlled processing conditions in a pilot plant study using α-tocopherol-coated salt as part of the dry cure. Approximately, a 96% reduction in N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) levels in the fried bacon was achieved with an ingoing α-tocopherol level of 500 mg/kg. NPYR levels in the cookout fat were reduced approximately 92% using the same level of α-tocopherol. Bacon, prepared by a small scale commercial operation, also contained reduced levels of NPYR when processed with α-tocopherol-coated salt, despite high levels (〉100 mg/kg) of residual sodium nitrite in the finished bacon. Results comparing effectiveness of α-tocopherol and mixed tocopherols as nitrosamine blocking agents were inconclusive. Although, α-tocopherol appeared to be more effective as a blocking agent (91% versus 73% inhibition of NPYR), the difference in percent inhibition achieved could possibly be attributed to apparently lower levels of residual mixed tocopherols in the finished bacon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Chicken frankfurters, prepared with various levels of sodium nitrite (0, 20, 40, 60, 100, and 156 ppm) were heated either in a microwave oven, boiled or broiled and then analyzed for N-nitrosamines. As expected, “apparent” N-nitrosamine levels increased with increasing concentrations of sodium nitrite. The effect of the various heating procedures on N-nitrosamine formation was inconclusive, due possibly to the low levels of “apparent” N-nitrosamines present. The two most common N-nitrosamines present appeared to be N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosomorpholine. However, only in the frankfurter samples prepared with 156 ppm nitrite was the presence of N-nitrosomorpholine confirmed by mass spectrometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 14 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sodium cromoglycate (SCG) has recently been formulated as a pressurized aerosol. Twenty-five asthmatic outpatients taking SCG via the Spinhaler were studied in a double-dummy, double-blind cross-over trial in which subjects took Spincaps containing 20 mg of SCG for 2 months, and for the alternate 2 months were treated with SCG aerosol delivering 1 mg/actuation.There was no evidence of clinical deterioration occurring during the period on aerosol SCG. During this period however cough frequency was significantly lower and when data for the 8-13 and 14-46 year age groups were analysed separately, this decrease was seen to be confined to the younger group. Furthermore, this group but not the adults, showed a significant improvement in morning peak expiratory flow rate.We conclude that the aerosol preparation of SCG is a useful alternative to delivery by Spinhaler for patients who are able to coordinate, and that it may have special advantages for children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Successful hyposensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in perennial childhood asthma was associated with a slight mean rise of serum IgG antibody to the mite antigen in contrast to a placebo group in whom this antibody fell slightly. No relationship was detected between the effect on asthma and the magnitude of this change, Nor was there any consistent effect on IgE or IgA antibody.There was a wide range of total serum IgE and IgE, IgG and IgA antibody to D. pteronyssinus before treatment; this level did not predict the effect of treatment. Some patients lacked IgA antibody.IgE antibody to timothy grass pollen was raised in some but not others. These levels did not change systematically during the study and improvement occurred in those who had this antibody as well as IgE antibody to D. pteronyssinus.IgG and IgE antibodies to D. pteronyssinus were significantly correlated in the pre-treatment samples.Lymphocyte thymidine uptake was lower after 8 weeks of treatment than in the control group, not only after stimulus with D. pteronyssinus antigen, in vitro, but also with antigen from Candida albicans. This was not a serum effect.The late bronchial provocation response was lost only in those with serum IgA less than the log mean for age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 13 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In children with perennial asthma, dual (immediate and late) reactions in the skin to D. pteronyssinus and Timothy grass pollen were more frequent with high doses of antigen and were associated with large immediate reactions. The frequency of dual bronchial or nasal reactions was not related to the size of the immediate reaction and dual reactions were commonly elicited to the lowest antigen dose which would elicit an immediate reaction. Serum IgG, IgA, IgM or IgE concentrations, IgE or IgG antibodies to the antigens and defective yeast opsonization did not differ in children with dual or immediate only reactions in skin, nose or lung. In five patients undergoing bronchial provocation tests with D. pteronyssinus there was no fever, no fine crepitations in the kings and no significant change in the levels of C3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Continuing study for a second year and further analysis of a double-blind placebo controlled trial, already briefly reported, of injections of tyrosine-adsorbed, glutaraldehyde-modified Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigen in fifty-one children with perennial asthma and positive bronchial challenge to the antigen, confirms that the patients receiving the treatment reduced their symptomatic medication more than controls, without deterioration of symptoms. Some became symptom-free, when off all treatment.A double-blind placebo controlled trial of continuing treatment for a second year gave evidence of deterioration when the treatment was stopped.Within the treatment group, the improvement was associated with loss of late (6 hr) reaction to bronchial provocation with the antigen, but was not associated with change of immediate (20 min) reaction in lungs or skin. Those who improved in the placebo group did not lose their late reaction.There was a trend for similar benefit from active treatment in the control group, during the second year, though less than in the original active group, and only one lost his late reaction.Only one of the six children with very severe early onset asthma improved.Local reactions to either active or placebo (tyrosine) were seen in half the patients; these were mild and did not influence the treatment. Systemic symptoms occurred shortly after four active injections and after two placebo injections; only one patient stopped the treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food quality 6 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Freshwater suckers (Catostamidae family) were obtained from Lake Huron to study the possibility of developing new products utilizing its flesh and the influences of additives on the functionality of sucker muscle proteins. Results showed that sodium chloride increased protein solubility, but also decreased swelling, gel forming and pH. In comparison, sodium tripolyphosphate increased protein solubility, pH, swelling and gel formation. Fish sausages and canned products showed low binding characteristics. However, adding corn meal and soy protein in combination with sodium chloride and sodium tripolyphosphate improved their water holding capacity, texture and cook yield. It was concluded that sodium tripolyphosphate, corn meal and fat should be used in manufacturing minced sucker products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aspergillus flavus NRRL-6549 and NRRL-6550 were tested for their ability to produce aflatoxins, but only NRRL-6549 produced detectable amounts of B1. Summer sausages prepared and inoculated with NRRL-6549 were smoked and held at 10 or 30°C for 3 or 6 wk at low or high humidities. Mold growth occurred on both inoculated and uninoculated sausages, the amount increasing with time, temperature and humidity. Smoking delayed but did not prevent mold growth. At 3 wk, aflatoxins were detected only in unsmoked inoculated sausages held at 30°C and high relative humidity. After 6 wk, B1 was found only in unsmoked inoculated sausages held at 10°C and high humidity, but at 30°C was present at 2.6–6.6 μg/kg in all inoculated samples at both low and high humidities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 12 (1983), S. 65-70 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Exposure of workers applying paraquat to fields of tomatoes and citrus, and diquat to waterways containing water hyacinths and hydrilla, was monitored with dermal α-cellulose pads attached at each of ten body locations and with personal air monitors. Estimated total body exposure for tomato applicators was apparently influenced by tractor type. Exposure levels from highest to lowest were: open tractor 〉 enclosed cab tractor ⩾ high-clearance tractor. Citrus applicators' exposure to paraquat averaged 28.5 mg/hr and 12.2 mg/hr, with tank concentrations of 0.11% and 0.07%, respectively. Diquat applicators received minimal exposure. Respiratory exposure was 〈0.1% of the total body exposure in all experiments. Urine samples collected periodically for all workers were, with one exception, without detectable pesticide contamination. Use of disposable coveralls and regularly washed impermeable gloves should effectively reduce exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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