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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 279 (1979), S. 339-341 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Change in the force of contraction in papillary muscle (a) and atria (b). ED50 values (???? l1±s.e.m.) were calculated by fitting the logit function to the experimental data using the least-square method: papillary muscle, guinea pig (D) 110.3± 1.9, cat(*) 124.1±2.6; ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 29 (1973), S. 1349-1351 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a range from 6 to 30°C, the influence of temperature on the relation between the light intensity and the amplitude of the b-wave of the exposure potential has been investigated for the isolated frog retina. Between 10 and 25°C, the gross activation energy of the response to light leads to a temperature coefficient which shows that the formation of the b-wave is mainly checked by diffusion processes. While at 6°C the b-wave has vanished, a complete delayed off-response can still be registered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 31 (1975), S. 546-548 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Grösse und Form des Belichtungspotentials der isolierten Hunderetina stimmen mit den Ergebnissen in vivo überein und lassen sich vorwiegend der Stäbchenaktivität zuschreiben. Ein Vergleich zwischen dem späten Rezeptorpotential des homoiothermen Hundes und der b-Wellenamplitude des poikilothermen Frosches ergibt, dass die Bildung beider Potentiale analogen thermodynamischen Gesetzmässigkeiten folgt, wobei der Temperaturbereich bei der Hunderetina um 9°C zu höheren Temperaturen verschoben ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 341 (1973), S. 297-304 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Isolated Retina ; External Potassium ; Retinal Na+-, K+-Content ; Exposure Potential ; Flame Photometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of the external K+-concentration in a range from 0 to 10 mMol/l on the exposure potential (ERG) and the Na+-, K+-distribution in the retinal tissue of Rana esculenta was investigated. After 45 min of perfusion with the test solution moist combustion of the tissue and analysis by flame photometry was carried out. At concentrations of less than 1 mMol/l an extensive loss of retinal potassium could be observed which corresponded to a slow and steady decrease of the exposure potential. Simultaneously the mean intracellular Na+-content increased. Above 2 mMol/l a rapid decline of the potentialΦ b to a constant level was recorded. At the same time there was a slight increase in retinal potassium and a decrease in sodium. The quick transition to steady values of the ERG at high external K+-concentrations is attributed to the limitation of the potassium uptake of retinal cells which brings about a constant distribution of electrolytes in a short time. The slow drop in potential at a low potassium content of the bathing solution is ascribed to the diffusion process of K+ through cellular membranes of the retina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 38 (1977), S. 307-314 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmethacrylate (MMA) ; Desheathed sciatic nerve ; Sucrose gap method ; Node of Ranvier ; Voltage clamp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde der Einfluß von monomerem Methylmethacrylat (MMA) auf das Ruhe- und Summenaktionspotential des isolierten entscheideten N. ischiadicus des Frosches (Saccharose-Trennwand-Methode) untersucht. Oberhalb von 10 mM trat eine dosisabhängige Abnahme des Summenaktionspotentials und eine Hyperpolarisation der Membran auf, die mit zunehmender MMA-Konzentration anstieg (4.1 mV±0.2 S.E.M. nach 50 mM MMA). Die durch niedrige [Ca2+]0 oder Veratrin hervorgerufene Depolarisation ließ sich durch MMA rückgängig machen. Die homologen Äthyl-, Allyl- und n-Butylester waren wirksamer als MMA, der Isobutylester weniger wirkungsvoll, während Na-Methacrylat und Methacrylsäureamid keinen Einfluß zeigten. Voltage clamp Experimente am isolierten Ranvierschen Schnürring zeigten, daß 50 mM MMA zu einer Abnahme der Na+- und K+-Ströme führten.
    Notes: Abstract The influence of monomeric methylmethacrylate (MMA) on resting and compound action potential of the isolated desheathed sciatic nerve of the frog (sucrose gap method) was determined. Above 10 mM there was a dose-dependent decrease of the compound action potential and a hyperpolarization of the membrane which was augmented with increasing MMA concentrations (4.1 mV±0.2 S.E.M. after 50 mM MMA). The depolarization in low [Ca2+]0 solutions or with veratrine was reversed by MMA. The homologous ethyl, allyl and n-butyl esters were more effective than MMA, and the isobutyl ester less effective, whereas Na-methacrylate and methacrylamide showed no influence. Voltage clamp experiments on the node of Ranvier indicated that 50 mM MMA led to a decrease of the Na+ and K+ currents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 33 (1974), S. 17-30 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Cu(II)-Intoxication ; Isolated Retina ; ERG ; Retinal Cucontent ; d-Penicillamine ; Dimercaprol ; Na-Thiosulfate ; EDTA ; Cu-EDTA ; Cu(II)-Intoxikation ; Isolierte Retina ; ERG ; Cu-Gewebskonzentration ; d-Penicillamin ; Dimercaprol ; Natriumthiosulfat ; EDTA ; Cu-EDTA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur Untersuchung der toxischen Wirkung von Cu (II)-lonen auf das zentralnervöse Gewebe wurde die isolierte Froschnetzhaut mit Badlösungen von unterschiedlicher CuCl2-Konzentration umströmt. Zur Charakterisierung der Netzhautfunktion diente die b-Wellenamplitude (ϕb) des Belichtungspotentials (ERG) als Meßgröße. Die Cu(II)-Lösungen bewirkten während 30minütiger Applikation eine dosisabhängige Potentialabnahme, die bei 6 μM/l reversibel, bei höheren Konzentrationen jedoch irreversibel war. Die Verlängerung der Applikationsdauer führte bereits bei 6 μM/l zu einem fortschreitenden, irreversiblen Potentialverlust. Ferner wurde der Einfluß der Komplexbildner d-Penicillamin, Dimercaprol, Natriumthiosulfat und EDTA auf die Cu(II)-Intoxikation der Netzhaut untersucht. In Übereinstimmung mit dem Intoxikationsmechanismus, der sich auf die Blockade von Enzymen mit SH-Gruppen zurückführen läßt, bewirkten die SH-Donatoren die beste Detoxikation, wobei entsprechend der klinischen Erfahrung d-Penicillamin einen besonders günstigen Einfluß ausübte. Die Cu-Analyse mit Hilfe der Atomabsorptionsspektrometrie ergab, daß sich der Cu-Gehalt der Netzhaut durch die Umströmung mit Tyrodelösung im Anschluß an die Cu(II)-Intoxikation erheblich reduzieren ließ, obgleich die entsprechende Abnahme des ERG nicht rückgängig zu machen war. Der logarithmische Anstieg der Cu(II)-Konzentration der Badlösung verhielt sich proportional sowohl zum Anstieg des Cu-Gehaltes im Gewebe als auch zur Abnahme des Belichtungspotentials. Eine deutliche Verringerung der Cu-Gewebskonzentration ließ sich nur durch d-Penicillamin herbeiführen.
    Notes: Abstract The isolated frog retina was perfused with bathing-solutions of different CuCl2-concentrations in order to investigate the toxic influence of Cu(II)-ions on the central nervous tissue. The amplitude of the b-wave (ϕb) of the exposure potential (ERG) was used to characterize retinal function. During 30 min of application the Cu(II)-solutions effected a decrease in potential dependent on dosage which was reversible at 6 μM/l but irreversible at higher concentrations. The prolongation of the Cu(II)-application led to a progressive and irreversible loss of potential already at 6 μM/l. Furthermore, the influence of the complexing agents d-penicillamine, dimercaprol, Na-thiosulfate and EDTA on retinal Cu(II)-intoxication was investigated. Corresponding to the mechanism of intoxication, which may by related to the blockade of enzymes containing SH-groups, the SH-donators brought about the best detoxication. The influence of d-penicillamine was especially favorable, which is in agreement with clinical experience. The Cu-analysis by means of the atomic absorption spectrometry showed that the Cu-content of the retina was much reduced if perfusion with Tyrode solution followed Cu(II)-intoxication, inspite of the persistance of the corresponding decrease of the ERG. A logarithmic increase in the Cu(II)-concentration of the bathing solution was proportional to an increase in the retinal Cu-content as well as to a decrease in the exposure potential. A considerable drop in the Cu-content of the tissue could only be effected by d-penicillamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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