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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE PRINCIPLE OF ANOMALY IN QUANTUM MECHANICS (1948)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dialectica 2 (1948), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1746-8361
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Philosophy
    Notes: The following two questions are examined: 1o Do the unobservable parameters possess precise, though unknown, values ? 2o If these unobservable values were known, would it be possible to make precise predictions of the reults of later measurements ?The answer is shown to be negative; the questions, therefore, are not meaningless, being capable of a falsification. The inquiry leads to the establishment of a principle of anomaly, more precisely speaking, of causal anomaly, which is to be added to Heisenberg's principle of indeterminacy. This principle states that the principle of action by contact is violated whenever definite values are assigned to the unobserved quantities, i. e., when an exhaustive interpretation of quantum mechanics is used. The two most important exhaustive interpretations are given by the corpuscle and the wave interpretation; each leads to causal anomalies, though for different places.The causal anomalies can be eliminated by the use of a restrictive interpretation, which separates statements about unobserved quantities, as a third propositional class, from true or false statements. Bohr and Heisenberg have called such statements meaningless, without being able to eliminate them completely; these statements arte thus merely shifted into the metalanguage. In another version of the restrictive interpretation such statements are assigned a third truth value, the value indeterminate, and quantum mechanics is then presented in the form of a three-valued logic.The inquiry is carried through without the presupposition of any philosophical conception; every interpretation is examined with respect to the consequences to which it leads. - H. R.'
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-8361.1948.tb00707.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pigments of the gliding bacterium Herpetosiphon giganteus (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 3 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1978.tb01906.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bemerkungen zur Hypothesenwahrscheinlichkeit (1976)
    Springer
    Erkenntnis 8 (1976), S. 256-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8420
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176031
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On meaning (1976)
    Springer
    Erkenntnis 8 (1976), S. 404-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8420
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176046
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die semantische und die Objekt-Auffassung von Wahrscheinlichkeitsausdrücken (1976)
    Springer
    Erkenntnis 8 (1976), S. 50-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8420
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176019
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carotenoid glucosides and menaquinones from the gliding bacterium Herpetosiphon giganteus Hp a2 (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 112 (1977), S. 307-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Herpetosiphon ; Gliding bacteria ; Carotenoid glucosides ; Menaquinones ; Chemosystematic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The gliding bacterium Herpetosiphon giganteus Hp a2 was shown to contain γ-carotene, one monoglucosyloxy and two new diglucosyloxy carotenoids with a x-O-acyl-diglucosyloxy carotenoid as main component. Flexirubin-like pigments could not be detected in this organism. As in the Myxobacterales and Cytophagales (Kleinig et al., 1974) menaquinones (MK-6 and MK-7) were found to be the only isoprenoid quinones present in Herpetosiphon. The chemosystematic implications of these findings are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00413098
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of myxospore formation in Stigmatella aurantiaca (Myxobacterales) (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 117 (1978), S. 173-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Stigmatella aurantiaca ; Myxobacteria ; Induced sporulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Stigmatella aurantiaca could be induced by numberous different chemicals (e.g. glycerol, Na+) to form myxospores. Induced myxospores were similar to natural myxospores with respect to morphology and resistance to desiccation and ultrasound. Induction was achieved also by incubating vegetative cells at 41°C. Prerequisites for successful induction were: good aeration, presence of 2–10 mM Mg2+, a pH around 7, and an energy source (e.g. glucose, sucrose); whereas a nitrogen source seemed not to be required. The efficiency of induction was high in the upper log phase of growth, and near zero early in the exponential and in the stationary phase. When induced under optimal conditions the cells clumped together 30–40 min after addition of the inducer; they began to change shape 20–30 min later; the morphological conversion was completed 150 min after induction. If induced in growth medium the cells reverted at all stages of conversion into the vegetative state as soon as the inducer was removed. In simple artificial induction media which did not allow growth, a “point of no return” was reached 30 min after induction. A “point of no return” could be demonstrated also in growth medium if the inducer was removed 30 min after induction and inhibitors of protein or of RNA synthesis were added at the same time. As all RNA and protein synthesis essential for sporulation took place during the first 30 min after addition of inducer, this period was defined as the induction phase proper: it is followed by the differentiation phase till the 150th minute, and a maturation phase of several hours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402305
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of Herpetosiphon, and a note on the taxonomy of the genus (1975)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 102 (1975), S. 281-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Cell Wall Structure ; Intracytoplasmic Membranes ; Bulb Formation ; Flexibacter giganteus ; Taxonomy of Herpetosiphon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fine structure of the Gram-negative filamentous gliding bacterium, Herpetosiphon is described. The outer membrane of the cell envelope could not be resolved as a separate structure, probably because it is fused with the underlying dense (peptidoglycan) layer. There was an additional wall layer outside this membrane-peptidoglycan complex, but a sheath in the classical sense, as postulated in the definition of the genus, was lacking. On the cell surface a loose network of fibrils could be seen. Inside the cells 3 types of intracytoplasmic membranes were discernible: a) true mesosomes near cross walls; b) a system of coarser membranes which was not connected with the septa and formed networks or tubular complexes; c) degenerated septa within bulbs. the bulbs are swollen sections of filaments, occurred mainly in ageing cultures, and are probably a degeneration phenomenon. The filaments contained necridia, i.e. dead and empty cells, across which breaks may occur so that empty cell wall cylinders remain attached to the ends of the daughter filaments, falsely suggesting the presence of a sheath. The taxonomy of Herpetosiphon is discussed in detail: The organism has been described before as Flexibacter giganteus. It is proposed to abandon the species H. aurantiacus in favor of H. giganteus, but to retain the genus Herpetosiphon. An improved definition of the genus is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428379
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations of the pigments fromCytophaga johnsonae Cy j1 (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 117 (1978), S. 253-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Gliding bacteria ; Cytophaga johnsonae ; New flexirubin-type pigments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Besides carotenoids a complex of flexirubin-type pigments was isolated from the gliding bacteriumCytophaga johnsonae Cy j1 and separated into 6 components, which partly containe chlorine. In spite of the fact that these components still consist of pigment mixtures, the gross structures of 18 new flexirubin-type pigments could be deduced by spectroscopic and chemical investigations. The results open insights into biosynthesis and structural variety of the flexirubins, the novel non-isoprenoid pigments recently found inFlexibacter elegans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00738543
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen an Stoffwechselprodukten von Mikroorganismen, XI: Flexirubin, ein neuartiges Pigment aus Flexibacter elegans (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 109 (1976), S. 2490-2502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on Metabolites of Microorganisms, XI: Flexirubin, a Novel Pigment from Flexibacter elegansUp to now only carotinoid pigments have been found in ‘gliding bacteria’ of the Flexibacter/Cytophaga-type. The main pigment of Flexibacter elegans was now isolated by chromatographic separation and named flexirubin. Its structure was deduced to be 7. Flexirubin is the first member of a new class of bacterial pigments. In respect to the chemical structure this class is characterized by a polyene-carboxylic acid chromophore, which is esterified with a phenol carrying a long aliphatic side chain.
    Notes: Bisher wurden in den „Gleitenden Bakterien“ vom Typ Flexibacter/Cytophaga nur Carotinoide aufgefunden. Chromatographische Trennung des Farbstoffkomplexes aus Flexibacter elegans führte nun zur Isolierung des Hauptpigmentes Flexirubin, für das Struktur 7 abgeleitet wird. Flexirubin ist der erste Vertreter einer neuartigen Gruppe von Bakterienpigmenten, die sich strukturell durch einen Polyencarbonsäure-Chromophor in Esterbindung mit einem Phenol, das eine lange Alkyl-Seitenkette trägt, auszeichnet.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19761090717
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