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  • 1975-1979  (7)
  • 1915-1919  (1)
  • Chemistry  (7)
  • 5-Hydroxytryptamine  (1)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling
  • Recombinant DNA
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of halothane, lidocaine and 5-hydroxytryptamine on fluidity of synaptic plasma membranes, myelin membranes and synaptic mitochondrial membranes (1979)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 307 (1979), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Anesthetics, inhalation ; Anesthetics, local ; 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Membrane lipids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although it is agreed that the bilayer lipid region of neural membranes is a principle site of action of general anesthetics, the nature of the action is somewhat controversial, and may depend on the structure of the membranes and the concentration of the anesthetics. Spin-labeled rat brain myelin membranes were shown to have higher order in their bilayer lipid region than that of synaptic plasma membranes, which was in turn higher than that of synaptic mitochondrial membranes, and corresponded to their respective contents of cholesterol (highest in myelin, lowest in mitochondria). Two broad discontinuities in the temperature dependence of the order parameter were observed in the bilayer lipids of all three membranes, a lower one between 12 and 20°C and a higher one between 32 and 38°C. Low concentrations of halothane (0.25 and 0.5 mM) and lidocaine (0.1 mM) increased the order in synaptic plasma membranes, but did not affect myelin or mitochondria membranes in the temperature range between 32 and 42°C. In synaptic plasma membranes the ordering effect of halothane switched to a fluidizing one between anesthetic concentrations of 0.75 and 1.1 mM. High concentrations (2.3 mM halothane and 10 mM lidocaine) decreased the order (fluidized) in all three membranes and was observed most clearly in the hydrophobic region of the lipid bilayer. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) at 10−2 and 10−1 mM increased the order in synaptic plasma membranes and at some temperatures also in synaptic mitochondrial membranes, but not in myelin membranes. 5-HT antagonized the fluidizing effect of 2.3 mM halothane and 10 mM lidocaine in synaptic plasma membranes. The antagonism seemed to be only partial in the hydrophilic region of the bilayer lipids in mitochondrial membranes, but total in the hydrophobic region by 10−1 mM 5-HT. Although relatively high concentrations of 5-HT were used, the results showed that this neurotransmitter is able to influence the bilayer lipid fluidity particularly in synaptic plasma membranes. The results, furthermore, indicate that the biphasic dose-dependent effect on lipid fluidity of halothane and lidocaine occurs only in synaptic plasma membranes, and it is suggested that the difference between the degree of fluidity and the responses in the membranes investigated are due to differences in lipid compositions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00505934
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrodynamic properties of proteoglycan subunit from bovine nasal cartilage. Self-association behaviour and interaction with hyaluronate studied by laser light scattering (1979)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 18 (1979), S. 1727-1747 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Measurements of translational diffusion coefficients by quasielastic laser light scattering, sedimentation coefficients, and intrinsic viscosities at zero shear of proteoglycan subunit fraction A1-D1-D1 isolated from bovine nasal septa are reported. Molecular weights and hydrodynamic dimensions are compared with those expected on the basis of structural models previously proposed. Comparison of the concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient in the presence of NaCl and GdnHCl leads to the conclusion that significant self-association behaviour of subunit occurs in the absence of GdnHCl. In the absence of added salt, anomalous nonlinear concentration dependence of Dt estimated from wide-angle light-scattering experiments is observed. In addition, Dt apparently becomes angle dependent. These results are interpreted in terms of the perturbation of normal translational diffusion of the monomer by strong repulsive intermolecular interactions due to the combined effects of long-range electrostatic forces and macromolecular congestion at higher concentrations. By carrying out experiments at small scattering angles, it is possible to determine Dt0 for proteoglycan subunit in the absence of supporting electrolyte. Titration of a dilute solution of subunit with hyaluronic acid results in a sigmoidal behaviour of the Stokes radius, indicating the formation of complexes of higher molecular weight results from the noncovalent association of proteoglycan subunits with hyaluronate. Observation of Dt appears to provide a useful method for studying the proteoglycan subunit-hyaluronate interactions.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1979.360180711
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1,2,3-Tricarbonylverbindungen, XII. Konstitutionsermittlung der Reaktionsprodukte von Ninhydrin mit 2-Aminophenol bzw. 2-Aminothiophenol (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 3954-3958 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,2,3-Tricarbonyl Compounds, XII. Elucidation of the Constitution of the Reaction Products of Ninhydrin with 2-Aminophenol and 2-AminothiophenolNinhydrin (1) reacts with 2-aminophenol (2) and 2-aminothiophenol (6) to give products the constitutions of which were elucidated by means of the 1H- and 13C NMR spectra to be 10a-hydroxy-indeno[2,1-b]benz[1,4]oxazine-11(10aH)-one (3) and 10a-hydroxy-indeno[2,1-b]benz-[1,4]thiazine-11(10aH)-one (7), respectively. Structures mentioned in the literature are on the one hand corrected and on the other hand doubtless established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19771101229
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mikrobiologische Umwandlungen nichtsteroider Strukturen. IX Mikrobiologische Hydroxylierung von Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 109 (1976), S. 3606-3614 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Microbiological Transformations of Nonsteroidal Structures, IX Microbiological Hydroxylation of Δ8TetrahydrocannabinolΔ8Tetrahydrocannabinol (5) is hydroxylated at the ring system and the side chain by fermentations with Pellicularia flilamentosa or Streptomyces lavendulae. P. filamentosa yields the compounds 7β,3′- (1) und 7β,4′-dihydroxy-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (3) as well as 8β,9α-dihydroxy-(2a) und 8β,9α,4′-trihydroxy-6a,10a-trans-hexahydrocannabinol (4a), whereas S. lavendulae leads to 7α-hydroxy- (6), 7α,2′- (7), 7α,3′- (8), 7α4′-Dihydroxy-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (9) und 4′-hydroxy-7-oxo-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (10).
    Notes: Δ8Tetrahydrocannabinol (5) wird durch Fermentationen mit Pellicularia filamentosa oder Streptomyces lavendulae gleichzeitig am Ringsystem und in der Seitenkette hydroxyliert. P. filamentosa ergibt die Produkte 7β,3′- (1) und 7β,4′-Dihydroxy-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (3) sowie 8β,9α-Dihydroxy-(2a) und 8β,9α,4′-Trihydroxy-6A,10a-trans-hexahydrocannabinol (4a), während S. lavendulae zu 7α-Hydroxy-(6), 7α,2′- (7), 7α,3′- (8), 7α4′-Dihydroxy-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (9) und 4′-Hydroxy-7-oxo-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (10) führt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19761091114
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mikrobiologische Umwandlung von Steroiden, XV: Mikrobiologische Hydroxylierung von 3α-Acetoxy-5β-pregnan-20-carbonsäure und deren Methylester mit Calonectria decora und Syncephalastrum racemosum (1978)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 111 (1978), S. 2143-2151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Microbial Transformations of Steroids, XV: Microbial Hydroxylation of 3α-Acetoxy-5β-pregnane-20-carboxylic Acid and of its Methyl Ester by Calonectria decora and Syncephalastrum racemosum3α-Acetoxy-5β-pregnane-20-carboxylic Acid (1) is hydroxylated by fermentation with Calonectria decora in 12β- (3), 7β,11β- (4), and 1β,12β-position (5) with hydrolysis of the 3-acetoxy group. The methyl ester 2 is attacked in 7α,12β- (6), 7β, 11α- (7), and 12β,15α-position (8), Syncephalastrum racemosum forms from 1 the hydroxy products in positions 11β (9), 12β (3), 7β,11β (4), and 11β,15β (10) as well as the further transformation products 3α-hydroxy- (13), 3α,11β-dihydroxy- (14), 3α,12β-dihydroxy-5β,20α-pregnane-20,18-carbolactone (11), and 11,18-epoxy-3α-hydroxy-5β,20α-pregnane-20,18-carbolactone (16), 1 is transformed by Mycobacterium smegmatis into methyl 3-oxo-pregnane- (18) and 3-oxo-1,4-pregnadiene-20-carboxylate (20).
    Notes: 3α-Acetoxy-5β-pregnan-20-carbonsäure (1) wird durch Fermentation mit Calonectria decora unter Verseifung der 3-Acetylgruppe in 12β- (3), 7β,11β- (4) und 1β,12β-Stellung (5) hydroxyliert. Der Methylester 2 wird analog in 7α,12β- (6), 7β,11α- (7) und 12β, 15α-Position (8) angegriffen. Syncephalastrum racemosum bildet aus 1 die Hydroxylierungsprodukte in den Positionen 11β (9), 12β (3), 7β,11β (4) und 11β,15β (10) sowie die weiteren Umwandlungsprodukte 3α-Hydroxy- (13), 3α,11β-Dihydroxy- (14), 3α,12β-Dihydroxy-5β,20α-pregnan-20,18-carbolacton (11) sowie 11,18-Expoxy-3α-hydroxy-5β,20α-pregnan-20,18-carbolacton (16). Durch Mycobacterium smegmatis wird 1 zu 3-Oxo-4-pregnen- (18) und 3-Oxo-1,4-pregnadien-20-carbonsäure-methylester (20) umgewandelt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19781110611
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemotherapeutische Nitroheterocyclen, XXVI. 5-Nitro-2-thiazolylpyrazole und 5-Nitro-2-thiazolylisoxazole aus 1,3-Dicarbonylverbindungen der Nitrothiazolreihe (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1976 (1976), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemotherapeutic Nitroheterocycles, XXVI.  -  5-Nitro-2-thiazolylpyrazoles and 5-Nitro-2-thiazolylisoxazoles from 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds of the Nitrothiazole Series5-Nitrothiazole-2-carboxylic acid chloride (1) and copper salts of 1.3-dicarbonyl compounds 4 are used as starting materials for the synthesis of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds 6 with a 5-nitro-2-thiazolyl moiety. Reaction of compounds 6 with substituted hydrazines or hydroxylamine affords the title compounds, some of which are mixtures of isomers.
    Notes: Aus dem 5-Nitrothiazol-2-carbonsäurechlorid (1) und Kupfersalzen von 1,3-Dicarbonylverbindungen 4 werden 1,3-Dicarbonylverbindungen 6 mit einem 5-Nitro-2-thiazolylrest hergestellt. Durch Umsetzung der Verbindungen 6 mit verschieden substituierten Hydrazinen oder Hydroxylamin werden die im Titel genannten Verbindungen synthetisiert, die zum Teil als Isomerengemisch vorliegen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.197619760103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Natural abundance 15N NMR of monosubstituted indolesContribution No. 5086. (1976)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 117-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 15N chemical shifts of twenty-four substituted indoles have been determined in natural abundance (in organic solvents) using Fourier transform NMR. The overall chemical shift range is 27 ppm, with groups in the 2-, 3- and 5-ring positions showing the largest substituent effects. Substituents capable of resonance interaction with the indole nitrogen give shifts in the expected directions but they cannot be correlated with known substituent parameters. Compounds measured in DMSO give 0·2 to 10·2 ppm downfield shifts with respect to the same compound measured in CDCl3. 13C NMR data for previously unreported compounds are also reported.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270080302
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Natur der Nebenvalenzen. XVII: Vorausberechnung der Zersetzungstemperaturen von Ammoniakaten (1918)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 51 (1918), S. 130-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19180510116
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