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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in blood flow and vasculature of the dog kidney undergoing normothermic and hypothermic ischaemia (1977)
    Springer
    Urological research 5 (1977), S. 7-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Hypothermia ; Ischaemia ; Renal blood flow ; Xenon wash out technique ; Sequential renal scanning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 11 mongrel dogs both kidneys have been subjected to a 2 h ischaemic period. One kidney was cooled by perfusing the renal artery at 4°C while the contralateral normothermic kidney was clamped for 2 h. Studying the renal blood flow using the Xenon wash out technique, sequential renal scanning and angiography, marked differences between hypo- and normothermic ischaemia kidneys were observed. One or two hours following hypothermic perfusion a marked decrease of blood flow in the first compartment and vasoconstriction was evident, while within this period following normothermic ischaemia an enhanced renal blood flow was observed. After 24 h renal blood flow and renal function tested by 131I-Hippuran clearance returned to normal values. Angiographic studies corresponded to the preoperative findings. In contrast, normothermic ischaemia kidneys showed a decreased renal blood flow, impairment of kidney function in isotope studies and pathological angiographic changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257110
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of systemic treatment with 5-fluorouracil on the epidermis of the guinea pig (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 263 (1978), S. 31-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: 5-Fluorouracil ; 3H thymidine labelling index ; Mitoses in the epidermis ; Atrophy of the epidermis ; S-phase ; 5-Fluorouracil ; 3H-Thymidin-Labelling-Index ; Mitosen in der Epidermis ; Atrophisierung der Epidermis ; DNS-Synthesezeit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Vor und während einer Behandlung mit 5-Fluorouracil (1 mg i.p. in 2tägigem Abstand/100 g KG) wurde beim Meerschweinchen der 3H-Thymidin-Labelling-Index in der Basalschicht der Epidermis bestimmt. Parallel wurde die Zahl der in der Metaphase blockierbaren Mitosen in der Epidermis mit der Colcemidmethode ermittelt. Außerdem wurden Epidermisfläche, Epidermisdicke, Zellzahl in der Epidermis und Zellgröße in der Epidermis analysiert. 5-Fluorouracil reduziert den 3H-Thymidin-Labelling-Index und die Mitoserate bei der Colcemidmethode in der gleichen Weise, wobei der Effekt erst nach einer Behandlungszeit von mehr als 22 Tagen voll zum Tragen kommt. Die Parallelität dieser Befunde läßt annehmen, daß die DNS-Synthesezeit nicht wesentlich verändert wird, wenn man sie vom Zeitpunkt der Thymidin-Synthese an rechnet. Zeitlich parallel kommt es außerdem zu einer Atrophisierung der Epidermis.
    Notes: Summary The thymidine labelling index and the mitosis rate (blocked by colcemid) in the basal cell layer of the guinea pig were determined before and during treatment with 5-fluorouracil (1 mg i.p. in 2 day's interval/100 g body weight). Additionally, the epidermal area and thickness and the number and size of cells were measured. 5-Fluorouracil equally reduces the thymidine labelling index and the mitosis rate with the full effect after treatment of at least 22 days. From these findings it is concluded that the S-phase — calculated from the end of the thymidine synthesis — is not altered. Furthermore atrophy of the epidermis runs parallel with the reduction of the 3H thymidine labelling index and the mitosis rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446851
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Analytik von Organozinnstabilisatoren (1975)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 273 (1975), S. 19-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Organozinnverbindungen, Alkylzinnverbindungen, Organozinnstabilisatoren ; Chromatographie, Gas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die quantitative Bestimmung von Mono-, Di-, Tri- und Tetraalkylzinnverbindungen in Mischungen durch Gas-Chromatographie ist möglich nach Alkylierung zu gemischten Tetraalkylzinnderivaten. Die Alkylierung mit Methyl-, Butyl- und Octylmagnesylchlorid in Diäthyläther ist quantitativ und verläuft ohne Veränderung der ursprünglichen Zinnverteilung. Sie läßt sich nicht nur auf Alkylzinnoxide und -chloride, sondern auch direkt auf Alkylzinn-thioglykolate anwenden. Die aus der Umsetzung der Thioglykolsäureester resultierenden Nebenprodukte werden von der gas-chromatographischen Analyse an Kieselgel absorbiert und die Tetraalkylzinnverbindungen mit n-Pentan eluiert. Die gas-chromatographische Trennung wird wahlweise an Carbowax oder Polyglycol 20000 durchgeführt bei Temperaturen zwischen 100 und 230° C. Die Peak-Flächen entsprechen den Gew.-% Tetraalkylzinn.
    Notes: Abstract The quantitative determination of mono-, di-, tri- and tetraalkyl tin compounds in mixture by GLC is possible after alkylation to mixed tetraalkyl tins. The alkylation with methyl-, butyl- and octyl magnesium chloride runs quantitatively without any change in the original alkyl groups attached to the tin. The method can be applied not only for alkyl tin oxides and chlorides but also directly for alkyl tin thioglycolates. The by-products resulting from the thioglycolic acid ester cleavage are absorbed on silica gel prior to GLC and the tetraalkyl tins are eluted with n-pentane. Gas-chromatographic analysis is carried out alternatively with carbowax and polyglycol 20000 at temperatures between 100 and 230° C. The peak areas correspond to the weight percentage of tetraalkyl tin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00459399
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of organotin chlorides on the thermal stability of PVC (1979)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 1 (1979), S. 51-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Metal chlorides formed from metal stabilizers under processing conditions have an influence on the thermal stability of PVC. Zinc chloride, e. g., has a strong destabilizing effect, whereas lead chloride behaves almost indifferently. Alkyltin chlorides however, have a stabilizing effect in as much as they cause a significant retardation of the thermal dehydrochlorination rate of PVC. Using 1-chlorobutene-2 as model substance, a chloro allyl isomerization could be proved caused by organotin chlorides under certain conditions. These results support a complex chemical isomerization concept to explain the stabilizing effect of organotin chlorides on PVC.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730010112
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