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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Nerve injuries ; Nerve grafting ; Homografts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Bei 28 Patienten mit Durchtrennung peripherer Nerven, bei welchen eine direkte Nervennaht nicht möglich war, wurden homologe Transplantationen durchgeführt. Eine Reinnervation war nur bei 2 Fällen zu verzeichnen: Bei einem Säugling mit Durchtrennung des Plexus brachialis im Gefolge der operativen Entfernung eines Lymphangioms der Supraclavicularegion sind 3 Transplantate interponiert worden. Hier trat — wahrscheinlich über die Transplantate — Reinnervation des M. deltoideus, M. biceps brachii, M. brachioradialis und der Fingerbeuger ein. Hingegen wird man die Wiederherstellung des M. supra- und infraspinam und wohl auch des M. pectoralis major und M. serratus anterior auf eine Reinnervation in den entsprechenden direkt aus dem Plexus brachialis hervorgehenden Nerven beziehen müssen. — Bei einem 6jährigen Jungen mit Durchtrennung des N. medianus in der Mitte des Oberarms trat eine sehr befriedigende Reneurotisation der abhängigen Muskulatur am Unterarm und partiell zuletzt auch des M. abductor pollicis brevis ein, die lt. EMG (polyphasische Einheiten) nicht auf atypische Innervation bezogen werden kann. Schließlich ließen sich bei einem Erwachsenen mit Durchtrennung des Ramus profundus des N. radialis im EMG vorübergehend wenige kleine Einheitpotentiale registrieren, die bei einer Kontrolle nicht mehr nachzuweisen waren. Hier muß eine sekundäre narbige Umschnürung der wenigen Axone im Transplantat stattgefunden haben. In allen übrigen Fällen wurde eine Reinnervation vermißt. 2. Die eigenen Resultate werden mit den Ergebnissen anderer Autoren, welche das gleiche Nervenmaterial transplantiert haben, verglichen: Offenbar tritt nach der homologen Transplantation nur in Einzelfällen eine Reinnervation ein. 3. Mögliche Fehlerquellen in der Beurteilung der postoperativen Befunde werden aufgezeigt: Eine Reinnervation nach Teiltransplantation kann über erhalten gebliebene Faszikel des Nerven zustande kommen. Atypische Innervationen können zu Fehlbeurteilungen Anlaß geben. Aufhellungen der Sensibilität proximal im cutanen Versorgungsgebiet des geschädigten Nerven beweisen keine Reinnervation sensibler Fasern, sondern können darauf beruhen, daß in der Subsidiärzone (Foerster) ein anderer Nerv die sensible Versorgung teilweise übernimmt. 4. Die histologischen Befunde von 3 Transplantaten, die anläßlich der Retransplantation mit autologem Material entnommen worden sind, werden vorgelegt. Axone waren lediglich im Bereich der proximalen Nahtstelle und teilweise auch noch innerhalb des Transplantates nachweisbar, während ein Durchwachsen der distalen Nahtstelle nicht stattgefunden hatte. 5. Nach den gegenwärtig vorliegenden Erfahrungen sollte die homologe Transplantation trotz vereinzelter Reinnervationen zugunsten der autologen Transplantation, die durchaus befriedigende Resultate erbracht hat, aufgegeben werden.
    Notes: Summary 1. 28 patients with peripheral nerve lesions treated by lyophilized homologous grafts were reexamined 1 to 3 years after operation. In 2 cases only signs of reinnervation were found: in an infant in whom the brachial plexus had been transected during removement of a lymphangioma in the supraclavicular region. Three fascicles were transplanted. Reinnervation — most probably through the grafts — occurred in deltoid muscle, biceps brachii, brachio-radialis muscle and flexor digitorum. Reinnervation, however, of supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles and probably of pectoralis major and serratus ant. muscles with nerve supply directly from brachial plexus most probably is due to recovering of nerves injured in the sense of axonotmesis. In a 6-year-old boy with median nerve lesion very good reinnervation occurred in the dependent muscles which cannot be related to an atypical innervation because polyphasic units could be demonstrated during reinnervation. Finally, a few small units electromyographically were recorded in an adult with transection of the ramus profundus of the radial nerve. These potentials did not show up again when the examination was repeated. Secondary scar tissue is supposed to have damaged the few axons in the graft. In all other cases reinnervation was missed. 2. Our results are compared to the findings of other authors who used the same nerve-material: reinnervation has only occurred in very few cases. 3. Possible sources of error in the judgment of the findings have been shown to be: reinnervation after partial transplantation from preserved nerve fibres. Error may also be due to atypical innervation. An improvement in sensibility in the proximal part of the cutaneous region of the injured nerve does not necessarily mean reinnervation because another nerve may partly take over the sensibility supply. 4. Histological findings of 3 grafts are demonstrated resected when operation was repeated with autologous material. Axons were to be seen only in the region of the proximal suture, sometimes also in the graft, while there were no axons beyond the distal suture. 5. According to our experiences, the application of homografts should not be continued, although there are a few reinnervations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 107 (1990), S. 65-69 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Meningioma ; tumour recurrence ; multiple tumours ; falx ; brain neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although meningiomas are of benign character and generally of encapsulated growth, recurrence is a known problem in treatment. The authors present the time course of a recurrent parasagittal meningioma of the falx, which recurred eleven times. Despite modern radiological diagnostic methods, which made early diagnosis of recurrent tumour possible, and the use of modern microsurgical techniques with radical tumour extirpation and followed by radiotherapy, the fatal course of benign tumour disease could not be stopped.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 54 (1980), S. 107-115 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Extra-intracranial bypass ; aneurysm ; giant aneurysm ; microsurgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We describe in detail one case, and briefly mention another where occlusion of a main vessel was necessary for removal of an aneurysm sac. The combined surgery of extracranial-intracranial bypass and the removal of the aneurysm at a second operation four to five weeks later is reported. The two-stage procedure is preferable to the one-stage proceeding for better assessment of the patency of the anastomosis and the possibility of undertaking a second attempt at anastomosis if the first bypass should become occluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 41 (1978), S. 163-175 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary High pressure lumbar air insufflation and endoscopical surgical technique and control improve surgical results and widen indications for the transsphenoidal approach to pituitary adenomas. These complementary methods require a sitting position for the patient and an axial approach to the sella turcica. By lumbar high pressure insufflation even very big pituitary adenomas may often be brought into the operation field and make possible a complete extirpation by a transsphenoidal approach. This possibility is increased by an operative technique under endoscopic control, the latter contributing considerably to complete tumour extirpation, especially with endocrine-active tumours.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei transnasal durchgeführten mikrochirurgischen Operationen von Hypophysentumoren läßt sich durch die zusätzliche Anwendung von lumbaler Überdruckluftfüllung und endoskopischer Operationstechnik und -kontrolle eine weitere Verbesserung der Operationsergebnisse sowie eine Erweiterung der Indikationen für den nasalen Zugangsweg erreichen. Die sitzende Lagerung des Patienten mit achsengerechtem Zugangsweg zur Sella turcica schafft, wie oben angeführt, die Voraussetzungen zum Einsatz dieser ergänzenden Methoden. Durch die lumbale Luftinsufflation unter Überdruck lassen sich auch sehr große Hypophysentumoren häufig so in das vorgegebene Operationsfeld verlagern, daß eine vollständige Operation vom transnasalen Zugang aus möglich ist. Diese Möglichkeit wird durch den Einsatz der operativen Technik unter endoskopischer Kontrolle noch erweitert; letztere trägt auch wesentlich zur vollständigen Tumorentfernung, insbesondere bei endokrin aktiven Tumoren, bei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Spinal roots ; spinal osteophytosis ; intervertebral disc displacement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 32 cases of negative exploration in a joint follow-up series of 3,032 lumbar disc operations are described. Data from 15 hospitals were analyzed by means of questionnaires and computer-aided analysis. Detailed information is given about pre as well as intraoperative findings. The causes of negative lumbar disc exploration can be divided into two groups. 1. Genuine misdiagnosis where other causes are responsible for the symptoms, and 2. poor technique where despite genuine disc prolapse no evidence was found at operation. The most important causes in the first group were osteochondrotic compression, distended epidural veins, and root tension. The results are less favourable in these patients than in the overall series but, compared to the other complicated courses, the results were markedly better. A review of the literature is given, the possible causes for negative explorations are discussed, and a directive is established for the surgical procedure in cases where an expected prolapse is not found at operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 316 (1966), S. 724-724 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 313 (1965), S. 561-566 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 301 (1962), S. 914-916 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 316 (1966), S. 722-723 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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