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  • Capillaries  (2)
  • Glucose tolerance  (2)
  • 02.70.-c  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Split-step fourier methods applied to model nonlinear refractive effects in optically thick media (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 389-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 02.60.Cb ; 02.70.-c ; 42.10 ; 42.25.Bs ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We describe and example the Beam Propagation Method (BPM) used to model and simulate nonlinear refractive and absorptive effects in materials with applications to optical limiting and switching. Various scenarios including laser-beam trapping and laser-beam division are investigated, in order to demonstrate the power of the BPM. A novel technique is also described for efficiently modelling the external far-field propagation from nonlinear media, including the propagation of non-Gaussian-shaped spatial profiles. The methods are finally combined with the phenomenon of nonlinear absorption to demonstrate enhanced power limiting in the presence of self-refraction. Optimal parameters for high-fluence power-limiting are subsequently discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081201
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impaired glucose tolerance and mild hyperglycemia in sucrose-fed rats does not impair insulin secretion (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: High sucrose diet ; Glucose tolerance ; Islet function ; Insulin release
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We fed normal rats a high sucrose diet in order to test the hypothesis that mild hyperglycemia can induce defects in pancreatic beta-cell function and impair glucosestimulated insulin release. Rats provided with free access to a sucrose solution (35%) voluntarily consumed 50% more carbohydrate than control per day. After 7 days of sucrose feeding, glucose tolerance was significantly impaired; the area under the glucose tolerance test curve (GTT) was 683±61 mmol/120 min compared with 472±56 mmol/120 min in controls (P〈0.05). Impaired glucose tolerance was still present after a further 12 days (area under the GTT: 749±99 mmol/120 min). Sucrosefed rats were significantly (P〈0.05) hyperglycemic by 1.5 mmol/l over controls. When insulin secretion was assessed in vivo and in vitro in control and sucrose-fed rats, no significant differences were apparent in plasma samples collected over a 1-h period or in statically incubated or perifused isolated pancreatic islets. In addition, the rates of glucose utilisation and oxidation were normal in islets from sucrose-fed rats. These data do not support the hypothesis that minimal hyperglycemia is sufficient to impair glucose-stimulated insulin release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048545
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impaired glucose tolerance and mild hyperglycemia in sucrose-fed rats does not impair insulin secretion (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words High sucrose diet ; Glucose tolerance ; Islet function ; Insulin release
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We fed normal rats a high sucrose diet in order to test the hypothesis that mild hyperglycemia can induce defects in pancreatic beta-cell function and impair glucose-stimulated insulin release. Rats provided with free access to a sucrose solution (35%) voluntarily consumed 50% more carbohydrate than control per day. After 7 days of sucrose feeding, glucose tolerance was significantly impaired; the area under the glucose tolerance test curve (GTT) was 683±61 mmol/120 min compared with 472±56 mmol/120 min in controls (P〈0.05). Impaired glucose tolerance was still present after a further 12 days (area under the GTT: 749±99 mmol/120 min). Sucrose-fed rats were significantly (P〈0.05) hyperglycemic by 1.5 mmol/l over controls. When insulin secretion was assessed in vivo and in vitro in control and sucrose-fed rats, no significant differences were apparent in plasma samples collected over a 1-h period or in statically incubated or perifused isolated pancreatic islets. In addition, the rates of glucose utilisation and oxidation were normal in islets from sucrose-fed rats. These data do not support the hypothesis that minimal hyperglycemia is sufficient to impair glucose-stimulated insulin release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048545
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur reagibilität von kortikalen Knochenkapillaren (1995)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 380 (1995), S. 176-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Cortical bone ; Capillaries ; Endothelium ; Epinephrine ; ATP ; Insulin ; Transmission electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es sollte herausgefunden wurden, ob vasoaktive Pharmaka morphologische Veränderungen in kortikalen Knochenkapillaren machen können. Dazu erhielten Swiss-Mäuse i.v.-Bolusinjektionen von Adrenalin, ATP and Insulin. Eine Kontrollgruppe blieb unbehandelt; einer anderen wurde isotonische Kochsalzlösung injiziert. Alle Tiere wurden in gleicher Weise gehandhabt: Das mittlere Stück der Tibiadiaphyse wurde reseziert and für die TEM aufgearbeitet. Die Lumina and die Endothelien der Kapillaren wurden morphometriert. Dabei fanden sich einige signifikante Unterschiede: Adrenalin vergrößert sowohl die Lumenweite als auch die Endotheldicke. ATP verdünnt das Endothel. Insulin (die Hypoglykämie?) verdickt das Endothel. Diese Befunde begründen einige physiologische Hypothesen: Die Adrenalineffekte könnten eine Verkleinerung des Extravasalraums and ein intraossäres Ödem bedeuten, was die Diffusionszeit von Mineralien verlängerte. Der intrakortikale Perfusionsdruck nähme ab and die Perfusionsrate des Knochens stiege. ATP würde die Diffusionszeit reduzieren and den Extravasalraum vergrößern. Offenbar haben Kapillaren auch im Knochengewebe spezifische Insulinrezeptoren.
    Notes: Abstract In order to study any morphological effects that vasoactive drugs might exert on cortical bone capillaries, Swiss mice received one intravenous bolus injection each of epinephrine, ATP and insulin. In one control group saline solution was injected and another was not treated. All animals were handled in the same way. A piece of the tibia diaphysis was resected and prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The lumina and the endothelia of capillaries were submitted to computerized morphometry. Some significant changes were noted: epinephrine increases both the width of the lumen and the endothelium. ATP decreases the endothelium. Insulin (hypoglycaemia?) thickens the endothelium. These finding suggest some physiological hypotheses: the epinephrine-induced widening of the lumen and the thickening of the endothelium might reflect a decreased extravasal space and oedema of cortical bone that might cause the diffusion of minerals to take longer. Intracortical perfusion pressure would then decrease and the bone perfusion rate increase. ATP might reduce the transcapillary diffusion time and increase the extravasal space in cortical bone. Apparently there are specific insulin receptors in cortical bone capillaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207726
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphologische Wirkung von Adrenalin und Insulin auf Knochenkapillaren nach Rezeptorenblockade (1997)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 382 (1997), S. 164-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Cortical bone ; Capillaries ; TEM ; Receptor blockade ; Epinephrine ; Insulin ; Schlüsselwörter Knochenkapillaren ; TEM ; Rezeptorenblockade ; Adrenalin ; Insulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 3mal sechs Mäusen wurden die α- und β-Rezeptoren mit Phentolamin und Propranolol blockiert. Den 3 Gruppen wurden Kochsalz, Adrenalin und Insulin injiziert. Kortikale Knochenkapillaren aus der Tibiadiaphyse wurden für die TEM aufgearbeitet. Ihre Lumen- und Endothelflächen wurden als Estimator angegeben und gruppenweise verglichen. Signifikante Änderungen wurden nur im Endothel nach Insulin gesehen. Das spricht für spezifische Insulinrezeptoren in der terminalen Strombahn von Knochen und bestätigt frühere Beobachtungen von Adrenalinwirkungen.
    Notes: Abstract In three groups of six mice each, the α- and β-receptors were blocked by phentolamine and propranolol. The mice in the three groups then received an intravenous bolus injection of saline solution, epinephrine, and insulin, respectively. Cortical bone capillaries from the tibia diaphysis were submitted to transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The lumen and endothelium were measured and the results compared. Significant changes were only noted in the endothelium after the administration of insulin. These findings suggest that there are also insulin receptors in bone. Furthermore, they support previous findings in similar studies with epinephrine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008036
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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