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  • Glutathione  (2)
  • 13.40.Fn  (1)
  • Cognitive functions  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Geriatrische Patienten ; Anästhesie ; Kognitive Funktionen ; Physiologische Parameter ; Hüft-Totalendoprothese ; Key words Geriatric patients ; Anaesthesia ; Cognitive functions ; Physiological parameters ; Hip arthroplasty
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to show the influence of the parameters of gas exchange (arterial oxygen pressure paO2, arterial oxygen saturation SatO2) and haemodynamics (arterial systolic and mean blood pressure RRs and MAP) on the restitution of cognitive functions in geriatric patients scheduled for elective hip arthroplasty. Methods: A total of 30 patients (70 years, ASA II) were randomized to be operated either in regional anaesthesia (n=15) or general anaesthesia (n=15). PaO2 (by capillary blood gas analysis), RRs and MAP (by oscillometry) were measured 15 and 90 minutes after arrival in the recovery unit (t1 and t2), 24 and 72 hours postoperatively (t3 and t4), and cognitive functions were tested. Intraoperatively, throughout the day and the first night after surgery we measured satO2 by continous pulse oximetry. We recorded MAP and RRs by oscillometry every 3 minutes during the operation and every15 minutes for the rest of that day and night. Results: The parameters of gas exchange and haemodynamics did not differ among the groups. PaO2 was significantly reduced in both groups compared to baseline 24 hours postoperatively (t3) and remained low until 72 hours postoperatively (t4). Nearly all cognitive functions were significantly reduced in both groups compared to baseline 15 and 90 minutes after arrival in the recovery unit (t1 and t2), but recovered on the first postoperative day (t3). Both groups kept deficits in verbal memory and reading capacity up to the third postoperative day (t4). There was no correlation between the physiological parameters and the restitution of the tested cognitive functions. Conclusion: The restitution of cognitive functions during the first three postoperative days in geriatric patients scheduled for elective hip surgery does not depend on the anaesthetic technique. According to our results regional anaesthesia does not show any advantage for geriatric patients undergoing elective hip arthroplasty.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Ziel unserer Untersuchung war es, mögliche kognitive Funktionsdefizite geriatrischer Patienten nach Allgemein- und rückenmarknaher Regionalanästhesie mit Parametern des Gasaustauschs (Sauerstoffpartialdruck paO2, Sauerstoffsättigung SatO2) und der Hämodynamik (arterieller systolischer und mittlerer Blutdruck RRs und MAP) in Beziehung zu setzen. Methodik: 30 Patienten (70 Jahre, ASA II), die sich der elektiven Implantation einer Hüft-Totalendoprothese unterzogen, wurden randomisiert entweder in rückenmarknaher Regionalanästhesie (n=15) oder Allgemeinanästhesie (n=15) operiert. 15 bzw. 90 min nach Ankunft im Aufwachraum (AWR – t1 bzw. t2), 24 bzw. 72 h postoperativ (t3 bzw. t4) wurden der paO2 (kapilläre Blutgasanalyse), RRs und MAP (oszillometrische Messung) dokumentiert sowie die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit testpsychologisch untersucht. Intraoperativ, während des Operationstags und der ersten Nacht wurden im AWR die SatO2 pulsoxymetrisch kontinuierlich aufgezeichnet, der MAP und RRs oszillometrisch intraoperativ alle 3 min, im AWR alle 15 min gemessen. Ergebnisse: Die Parameter des Gasaustauschs und der Hämodynamik unterschieden sich in beiden Gruppen nicht. Der paO2 war in beiden Gruppen 24 h postoperativ (t3) zum präoperativen Ausgangswert (t0) signifikant erniedrigt und blieb auch 72 h postoperativ (t4) deutlich unter der Baseline. Bei beiden Narkoseverfahren erwiesen sich 15 und 90 min nach Ankunft im AWR (t1 und t2) nahezu alle untersuchten kognitiven Funktionen gegenüber dem Ausgangswert als signifikant verschlechtert. Beide Gruppen blieben bis zum 3. postoperativen Tag (t4) in der mittelfristigen verbalen Merkfähigkeit und in der Lesegeschwindigkeit beeinträchtigt. Zwischen den physiologischen Parametern und der postoperativen kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit bestand in beiden Gruppen keine Korrelation. Schlußfolgerung: Bei geriatrischen Patienten, die sich elektiven hüftgelenknahen orthopädischen Eingriffen unterziehen, erfolgt die Restitution kognitiver Funktionen in den ersten drei postoperativen Tagen unabhängig vom angewandten Anästhesieverfahren. Anhand unserer Daten bietet eine Regionalanästhesie bei hüftchirurgischen Eingriffen für geriatrische Patienten keine nachweisbaren Vorteile gegenüber der Allgemeinanästhesie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase ; Mononuclear cells ; Leukemias ; Glutathione ; n-Acetyl cysteine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The expression of the ectoenzyme γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC2.3.2.2., γGT) was investigated by flow cytometry on populations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy subjects and patients suffering from several types of leukemia before and under chemotherapy. In unstimulated PBMC, 28% of these cells were found to be γGT positive. The highest expression was measured on monocytes (CD14/γGT+ cells: 60%). Within the subsets of T lymphocytes (CD3/γGT+ cells: 18%) we saw no clear differences between CD4+ and CD8+ cells. B lymphocytes, NK cells, and activated cells showed low expressions (up to 10%). Treatment of PBMC with mitogens, α-IFN, IL-2, and GM-CSF did not affect the enzyme expression on normal mononuclear cells (MNC). However, a rapid increase of γGT+ cells was found in the presence of glutathione (GSH) and n-acetyl cysteine (nAC), particularly on monocytes, B cells, and NK cells. Comparing 40 healthy subjects and untreated patients suffering from leukemias, a significantly higher expression of γGT+ cells in the total MNC populations (B-CLL: 57%, CML: 62% γGT+ cells) was observed in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), whereas other leukemias did not show clear differences. Most interestingly, the γGT expression was diminished in all populations of CML cells after 5 h of incubation in the presence of 10 units/ml IFN-α. These data suggest a possible protective role of γGT in MNC and a regulatory function of this enzyme in the development of CML.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase ; Mononuclear cells ; Leukemias ; Glutathione ; n-Acetyl cysteine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of the ectoenzymeγ-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC2.3.2.2.,γGT) was investigated by flow cytometry on populations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy subjects and patients suffering from several types of leukemia before and under chemotherapy. In unstimulated PBMC, 28% of these cells were found to beγGT positive. The highest expression was measured on monocytes (CD14/γGT+ cells: 60%). Within the subsets of T lymphocytes (CD3/γGT+ cells: 18%) we saw no clear differences between CD4+ and CD8+ cells. B lymphocytes, NK cells, and activated cells showed low expressions (up to 10%). Treatment of PBMC with mitogens, α-IFN, IL-2, and GM-CSF did not affect the enzyme expression on normal mononuclear cells (MNC). However, a rapid increase of yGT+ cells was found in the presence of glutathione (GSH) and n-acetyl cysteine (nAC), particularly on monocytes, B cells, and NK cells. Comparing 40 healthy subjects and untreated patients suffering from leukemias, a significantly higher expression ofγGT+ cells in the total MNC populations (B-CLL: 57%, CML: 62%γGT+ cells) was observed in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), whereas other leukemias did not show clear differences. Most interestingly, theγGT expression was diminished in all populations of CML cells after 5 h of incubation in the presence of 10 units/ml IFN-α. These data suggest a possible protective role ofγGT in MNC and a regulatory function of this enzyme in the development of CML.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 13.40.Fn ; 25.30.Bf
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The measurement of the polarisation transfer to the proton in the reactions $$H(\vec e,e'\vec p)$$ and $$D(\vec e,e'\vec p)$$ performed with longitudinally polarised electrons in quasi-free kinematics is presented. The coincidence measurement was executed atQ 2≈8fm −2 using the 855 MeV, c.w. beam of the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The recoil polarisation was determined by means of a carbon analyser. The experiment shows that the binding of the nucleon does not modify the polarisationP x of the recoil proton within an error ofΔ P x/Px≈10%. The measured polarisation agrees with recent theoretical predictions. Implications for the measurement of the electric form factor of the neutron using the $$D(\vec e,e'\vec n)$$ reaction are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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