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  • 133Xenon method  (1)
  • 15N  (1)
  • Aminophylline  (1)
  • Brain development  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of aminophylline on cerebral haemodynamics and oxidative metabolism in premature infants (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Aminophylline ; Cerebral blood volume ; Cytochrome c oxidase ; Near infrared spectroscopy ; Newborn infant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of aminophylline on cerebral blood volume and oxidative metabolism in newborn infants was investigated with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Thirteen mechanically ventilated premature infants who received aminophylline to facilitate weaning from the respirator were selected. Gestational age ranged between 26 and 34 weeks, postnatal age between 1 and 7 days and birth weight between 760 and 2300 g. A bolus of 6 mg aminophylline/kg body weight was infused within 2 min. NIRS was performed continuously across the head to monitor changes in cerebral blood volume and cytochrome c oxidase. Heart rate, transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension (tcpCO2) and arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2) were recorded simultaneously. The infusion of aminophylline was associated with an increase in heart rate (median 12, interquartile range 5–20 beats per min,P=0.0004) and a drop in tcpCO2 (median −0.4, interquartile range −0.1 to −0.5 kPa,P=0.015). Oxygen saturation remained stable (±3%). A decrease in cerebral blood volume was measured with NIRS in 9/13 patients (median −0.15 ml/100g brain tissue, interquartile range +0.08 to −0.28,P=0.10). Oxidized cytochrome c oxidase decreased in 11/13 patients (median −0.27 μmol/l, interquartile range −0.19 to −0.44,P=0.01). Our findings demonstrate an immediate step-response of heart rate and tcpCO2 to aminophylline in premature infants. The simultaneous reduction of cytochrome c oxidase in the brain cannot be explained as a consequence of changes in tcpCO2 or changes in cerebral blood volume. We therefore speculate that aminophylline interferes directly with cerebral metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959223
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral blood flow and neurological outcome in the preterm infant (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 138-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Cerebral blood flow ; Preterm infants ; Neurological outcome ; Brain development ; 133Xenon method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral blood flow (CBF) studies have provided some insight into pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral damage in newborn children; their value in predicting brain damage, however, remains elusive. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of CBF measurements in predicting developmental outcome in preterm neonates at 18 months. Preterm babies with a gestational age of less than 34 weeks and a birth weight of less than 1500 g (n = 71) were enrolled in the study. CBF was measured by the nonivasive intravenous 133Xe method on three different occasions. We classified our measurements into three groups: depending on the time when performed group 1: between 2 and 36 h (n = 52); group 2: between 36 and 108 h (n = 44); group 3: between 108 and 240 h (n = 41). At the age of 18 months neurodevelopment testing was performed according to the Bayley mental and motor scales. Surviving infants had a higher mean CBF over the three groups than non surviving children (15.2 ± 3.5 ml/100 g brain tissue/min vs 13.0 ± 2.1 ml/100 g brain tissue/min, P 〈 0.05). There was no correlation of CBF with mental or motor development in our study population in either of the three groups. Conclusion In preterm infants basal CBF is higher in surviving than in non surviving infants, but there is no correlation of resting CBF and later neurological outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310051034
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of genetic variability for symbiotic dinitrogen fixation in fieldgrwon fababean (Vicia faba L.) using a low level15N-tracer technique (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 106 (1988), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: 15N ; nitrogen fixation ; plant breeding ; Vicia faba
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Before starting a breeding program aimed at improving the nitrogen nutrition ofVicia faba, the authors tried an alternative technique to the acetylene reduction assay, to measure some genetic variability in the plant material. The quantity of dinitrogen fixed by several cultivars ofVicia faba was estimated using a low enrichment15N tracer method and high precision15N mass spectrometry. The fababeans were cultivated for two years in two different soils. The percentage of fixed dinitrogen in the seed varied between genotypes from 40 to 83% of the total nitrogen and was positively correlated with the total seed nitrogen (r=0.64 to 0.86). A highly significant positive correlation was also found between the total seed nitrogen and the quantity of fixed dinitrogen in the seed (r=0.95 to 0.99). The technique used to measure dinitrogen fixation proved to be useful and reliable enough to discriminate between various genotypes, grown over a period of two years in two different soils. However, several non-fixing control plants showed significant differences in their15N enrichment and the problem of choosing a good reference plant was raised and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371223
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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