Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen immobilization and mineralization during initial decomposition of 15N-labelled pea and barley residues (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1996), S. 39-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Immobilization ; Mineralization ; 15N-labelled crop residues ; Residue quality ; Soil microbial biomass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The immobilization and mineralization of N following plant residue incorporation were studied in a sandy loam soil using 15N-labelled field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) straw. Both crop residues caused a net immobilization of soil-derived inorganic N during the complete incubation period of 84 days. The maximum rate of N immobilization was found to 12 and 18 mg soil-derived N g–1 added C after incorporation of pea and barley residues, respectively. After 7 days of incubation, 21% of the pea and 17% of the barley residue N were assimilated by the soil microbial biomass. A comparison of the 15N enrichments of the soil organic N and the newly formed biomass N pools indicated that either residue N may have been assimilated directly by the microbial biomass without entering the soil inorganic N pool or the biomass had a higher preference for mineralized ammonium than for soil-derived nitrate already present in the soil. In the barley residue treatment, the microbial biomass N was apparently stabilized to a higher degree than the biomass N in the pea residue treatment, which declined during the incubation period. This was probably due to N-deficiency delaying the decomposition of the barley residue. The net mineralization of residue-derived N was 2% in the barley and 22% in the pea residue treatment after 84 days of incubation. The results demonstrated that even if crop residues have a relative low C/N ratio (15), transient immobilization of soil N in the microbial biomass may contribute to improved conservation of soil N sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420218
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen acquisition by pea and barley and the effect of their crop residues on available nitrogen for subsequent crops (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 459-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Crop residues ; Hordeum vulgare L. ; Pisum sativum L. ; Mineralization-immobilization turnover of N ; Symbiotic N2 fixation-labelled N
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen acquisition by field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown on a sandy loam soil and availability of N in three subsequent sequences of a cropping system were studied in an outdoor pot experiment. The effect of crop residues on the N availability was evaluated using 15N-labelled residues. Field pea fixed 75% of its N requirement and the N2 fixation almost balanced the N removed with the seeds. The barley crop recovered 80% of the 15N-labelled fertilizer N supplied and the N in the barley grain corresponded to 80% of the fertilizer N taken up by the crop. The uptake of soil-derived N by a test crop (N catch crop) of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) grown in the autumn was higher after pea than after barley. The N uptake in the test crop was reduced by 27% and 34% after pea and barley residue incorporation, respectively, probably due to N immobilization. The dry matter production and total N uptake of a spring barley crop following pea or barley, with a period of unplanted soil in the autumn/winter, were significantly higher after pea than after barley. The barley crop following pea and barley recovered 11% of the pea and 8% of the barley residue N. The pea and barley residue N recovered constituted only 2.5% and 〈1%, respectively, of total N in the N-fertilized barley. The total N uptake in a test crop of mustard grown in the second autumn following pea and barley cultivation was not significantly influenced by pre-precrop and residue treatment. In the short term, the incorporation of crop residues was not important in terms of contributing N to the subsequent crop compared to soil and fertilizer N sources, but residues improved the conservation of soil N in the autumn. In the long-term, crop residues are an important factor in maintaining soil fertility and supplying plant-available N via mineralization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335923
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen immobilization and mineralization during initial decomposition of15N-labelled pea and barley residues (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1997), S. 39-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Immobilization ; Mineralization ; 15N-labelled crop residues ; Residue quality ; Soil microbial biomass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The immobilization and mineralization of N following plant residue incorporation were studied in a sandy loam soil using15N-labelled field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) straw. Both crop residues caused a net immobilization of soil-derived inorganic N during the complete incubation period of 84 days. The maximum rate of N immobilization was found to 12 and 18 mg soil-derived N g−1 added C after incorporation of pea and barley residues, respectively. After 7 days of incubation, 21% of the pea and 17% of the barley residue N were assimilated by the soil microbial biomass. A comparison of the15N enrichments of the soil organic N and the newly formed biomass N pools indicated that either residue N may have been assimilated directly by the microbial biomass without entering the soil inorganic N pool or the biomass had a higher preference for mineralized ammonium than for soil-derived nitrate already present in the soil. In the barley residue treatment, the microbial biomass N was apparently stabilized to a higher degree than the biomass N in the pea residue treatment, which declined during the incubation period. This was probably due to N-deficiency delaying the decomposition of the barley residue. The net mineralization of residue-derived N was 2% in the barley and 22% in the pea residue treatment after 84 days of incubation. The results demonstrated that even if crop residues have a relative low C/N ratio (15), transient immobilization of soil N in the microbial biomass may contribute to improved conservation of soil N sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420218
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of 15N labelling to study the turnover and utilization of ruminant manure N (1998)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1998), S. 56-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Animal manure ; Immobilization ; Mineralization ; Nitrogen ; Slurry distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  An improved understanding of the cycling of animal manure N is a prerequisite for making better use of this N source. A sheep was fed 15N-labelled grass in order to study the fate of 15N-labelled ruminant manure N in the plant-soil system. The uniformity of labelling was found to be satisfactory when an appropriate feeding strategy was used. The mineralization of labelled faecal N was compared to the mineralization of labelled feed N and indigestible feed N by measuring residual labelled organic N in unplanted topsoil in the field. After 18 months, 61% of both faecal N and feed N was recovered in organic form in the topsoil, while 94% of the indigestible feed N was still present in the soil. The influence of slurry distribution in soil on the crop uptake of labelled faecal N in slurry was studied in a sandy and a sandy loam soil. The crop uptake of labelled faecal N was compared with the uptake of 15N-labelled mineral fertilizer in a reference treatment. The uptake was 28–32% of that of the reference treatment with simulated slurry injection, 13–25% with incorporated slurry and 18–19% with slurry on the soil surface. The mineralization of faecal N in the autumn after application in spring was low irrespective of the slurry distribution in soil. The results demonstrate that the contact between animal manure and the soil matrix significantly influences the short-term turnover and availability of faecal and ammonium N in slurry, especially in fine-textured soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050463
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen acquisition by pea and barley and the effect of their crop residues on available nitrogen for subsequent crops (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 459-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Crop residues ; Hordeum vulgare L. ; Pisum sativum L. ; Mineralization-immobilization ; turnover of N ; Symbiotic N2 fixation-labelled N
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen acquisition by field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown on a sandy loam soil and availability of N in three subsequent sequences of a cropping system were studied in an outdoor pot experiment. The effect of crop residues on the N availability was evaluated using 15N-labelled residues. Field pea fixed 75% of its N requirement and the N2 fixation almost balanced the N removed with the seeds. The barley crop recovered 80% of the 15N-labelled fertilizer N supplied and the N in the barley grain corresponded to 80% of the fertilizer N taken up by the crop. The uptake of soil-derived N by a test crop (N catch crop) of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) grown in the autumn was higher after pea than after barley. The N uptake in the test crop was reduced by 27% and 34% after pea and barley residue incorporation, respectively, probably due to N immobilization. The dry matter production and total N uptake of a spring barley crop following pea or barley, with a period of unplanted soil in the autumn/winter, were significantly higher after pea than after barley. The barley crop following pea and barley recovered 11% of the pea and 8% of the barley residue N. The pea and barley residue N recovered constituted only 2.5% and 〈1%, respectively, of total N in the N-fertilized barley. The total N uptake in a test crop of mustard grown in the second autumn following pea and barley cultivation was not significantly influenced by pre-precrop and residue treatment. In the short term, the incorporation of crop residues was not important in terms of contributing N to the subsequent crop compared to soil and fertilizer N sources, but residues improved the conservation of soil N in the autumn. In the long-term, crop residues are an important factor in maintaining soil fertility and supplying plant-available N via mineralization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335923
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineral-fixed ammonium in clay- and silt-size fractions of soils incubated with 15N-ammonium sulphate for five years (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 8 (1989), S. 298-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Mineral-fixed ammonium ; Non-exchangeable ammonium ; Soil particle-size fractions ; Soil texture ; 15N ; N turnover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Four soils with 6, 12, 23, and 47% of clay were incubated for 5 years with 15N-labeled (NH4 2SO4 and hemicellulose. The incubations took place at 20°C and 55% water-holding capacity. Samples of whole soils, and clay- (〈2 μm) and silt-(2–20 μm) size fractions (isolated by ultrasonic dispersion and gravity sedimentation) were analysed for labeled and native mineral-fixed ammonium. Mineral-fixed ammonium in non-incubated soil samples accounted for 3.4%–8.3% of the total N and showed a close positive correlation with the soil clay content (r 2 = 0.997). After 5 years of incubation, the content of mineral-fixed ammonium in the clay fraction was 255–430 μg N g−1, corresponding to 71%–82% of the mineral-fixed ammonium in whole soils. Values for silt were 72–166 μg N g−1 (14%–33% of whole soil content). In the soils with 6% and 12% clay, less than 1 % of the labeled clay N was present as mineral-fixed ammonium. In the soil with 23% clay, 3% of the labeled N in the clay was mineral-fixed ammonium. Labeled mineral-fixed ammonium was not detected in the silt fractions. For whole soils, and clay and silt fractions, the proportion of native N present as mineral-fixed ammonium varied between 3% and 6%. In contrast, the proportion of labeled N found as mineral-fixed ammonium in the soil with 4701o clay was 23%, 38% and 31% for clay, silt, and whole-soil samples, respectively. Corresponding values for native mineral-fixed ammonium were 12%, 16%, and 10%. Consequently, studies based on soil particle-size fractions and addressing the N turnover in clay-rich soils should consider the pool of mineral-fixed ammonium, especially when comparing results from different size fractions with those from fractions isolated from soils of a widely different textural composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263158
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symbiotic N2 fixation in pea and field bean estimated by15N fertilizer dilution in field experiments with barley as a reference crop (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 92 (1986), S. 3-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: A-value ; Barley ; Field bean ; Isotope dilution ; Nitrogen fixation ; 15N ; Non-fixing reference crop ; Pea ; Pisum sativum ; Vicia faba
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The total amount of nitrogen derived from symbiotic nitrogen fixation in two pea and one field bean cultivar, supplied with 50 kg N ha−1 at sowing (‘starter’-N), was estimated to 165, 136, and 186 kg N ha−1, respectively (three-year means). However, estimates varied considerably between the three years. At the full bloom/flat pod growth stage from 30 to 59 per cent of total N2 fixation had taken place. The proportion of total N derived from N2 fixation at maturity was higher in seeds than in vegetative plant parts and amounted to 59.5, 51.3 and 66.3 per cent of total above-ground plant N in the two pea cultivars and field bean, respectively (three-year means). The recovery of fertilizer N was 62.2, 70.2, 52.1, and 69.5 per cent in the two pea cultivars, field bean and barley, respectively. Growth analysis indicated that barley did not meet the claims for an ideal reference crop in the15N fertilizer dilution technique for estimating N2 fixation in pea and field bean. ‘Starter’-N neither increased the seed yield nor the N content of the grain legumes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372260
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyphal N transport by a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus associated with cucumber grown at three nitrogen levels (1994)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 160 (1994), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: 15N ; Cucumis sativus ; Glomus intraradices ; hyphal N transport ; plant N status ; VA mycorrhiza
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Cucumis sativus L. cv. Aminex (F1 hybrid) was grown alone or in symbiosis with Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith in containers with two hyphal compartments (HCA and HCB) on either side of a root compartment (RC) separated by fine nylon mesh. Plants received a total of either 100, 200 or 400 mg N which were applied gradually to the RC during the experiment. 15N was supplied to HCA 42 d after plating, at 50 mg 15NH4 +-N kg−1 soil. Lateral movement of the applied 15N towards the roots was minimized by using a nitrification inhibitor and a hyphal buffer compartment. Non-mycorrhizal controls contained only traces of 15N after a 27 d labelling period irrespective of the amount of N supplied to the RC. In contrast, 49, 48 and 27% of the applied 15N was recovered in mycorrhizal plants supplied with 100, 200 and 400 mg N, respectively. The plant dry weight was increased by mycorrhizal colonization at all three levels of N supply, but this effect was strongest in plants of low N status. The results indicated that this increase was due partly to the improved inflow of N via the external hyphae. Root colonization by G. intraradices was unaffected by the amount of N supplied to the RC, while hyphal length increased in HCA compared to HCB. Although a considerable 15N content was detected in mycorrhizal roots adjacent to HCB, only insignificant amounts of 15N were found in the external hyphae in HCB. The external hyphae depleted the soil of inorganic N in both HCA and HCB, while the concentration of soil mineral N was still high in non-mycorrhizal containers at harvest. An exception was plants supplied with 400 mg N, where some inorganic N was present at 5 cm distance from the RC in HCA. The possibility of a regulation mechanism for hyphal transport of N is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00150340
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...