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  • 3-O-methyldopa  (1)
  • Keywords: Caspase-1, caspase-3, tumor necrosis factor receptor R1 (p55), Parkinson's disease, brain.  (1)
  • Population survey  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of tolcapone, a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, on motor symptoms and pharmacokinetics of levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 104 (1997), S. 229-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor ; 3-O-methyldopa ; levodopa ; Parkinson's disease ; tolcapone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of tolcapone, a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, on the bioavailability and efficacy of levodopa were evaluated in 12 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), 8 of whom showed signs of daily motor fluctuations (wearing-off phenomenon). Motor disabilities were assessed in 12 patients at 7 time points before and after the chronic administration of tolcapone using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). The UPDRS score was improved at all points of determination. Eight patients with wearing-off phenomenon on levodopa showed symptomatic improvement on the combination. The area under the curve (AUC) for levodopa increased by 34% (p=0.0059) after the administration of tolcapone. The elimination half-life (T1/2) of levodopa was significantly prolonged by 81% (p=0.0001) after the treatment. The AUC of 3-O-methyldopa, a metabolite of levodopa, was decreased by 79% (p=0.0001) and the Cmax (maximum concentration) was also decreased by 80% after the administration (p=0.0001) of tolcapone. The combination of tolcapone and levodopa was well tolerated. Our findings suggest that tolcapone improves the pharmacokinetics of levodopa in plasma and motor symptoms of fluctuating PD patients. It is suggested that tolcapone may be a useful drug adjunct to levodopa in treating patients with PD with wearing-off phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01273183
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Islet cell antibodies in the Japanese population and subjects with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 660-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Population survey ; islet cell antibody ; Type 1 diabetes ; autoantibodies ; pre-Type 1 diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet cell antibodies were studied in 1,112 non-diabetic adults, 473 normal school children and 162 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients in a Japanese population. The prevalence of islet cell antibodies was 0.5%, 0.4% and 32%, respectively. Most islet cell antibodies positive subjects with Type 1 diabetes had short duration of the disease. No patients who had over 10 years from the onset had islet cell antibodies. Six non-diabetic adults with islet cell antibodies were followed for 4 years. Only one with Hashimoto's thyroiditis showed a diabetic pattern in her oral glucose tolerance test. However, none developed overt insulin-dependent diabetes until 1984. Two out of these six subjects continued to be positive for both islet cell antibodies and antithyroid antibodies or antinuclear antibodies. Islet cell antibodies in the remaining four patients disappeared during the second year. It is difficult to predict the onset of Type 1 diabetes by islet cell antibodies in non-diabetic individuals because they may be transient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291971
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Caspase activities and tumor necrosis factor receptor R1 (p55) level are elevated in the substantia nigra from Parkinsonian brain (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 107 (2000), S. 335-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Keywords: Caspase-1, caspase-3, tumor necrosis factor receptor R1 (p55), Parkinson's disease, brain.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The activities of caspase-1 and caspase-3 were measured by use of fluoropeptides as substrates for the first time in the brain (substantia nigra, caudate nucleus, putamen, cerebellum, and frontal cortex) from control and parkinsonian patients. The activities of caspases in the brain were significantly higher in the substantia nigra from parkinsonian patients than those in the brain from control patients (p 〈 0.01). However, the activities of caspases in the caudate nucleus, putamen, cerebellum, and frontal cortex showed no significant difference between parkinsonian and control patients. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor R1 (TNF-R1, p55) level was also elevated in the substantia nigra of the parkinsonian brain in comparison with that of controls (p 〈 0.05). Since both caspases and TNF-R1 may play important roles in apoptotic cell death through TNF-α-induced signaling pathway, our present data suggest the presence of a proapoptotic environment in the substantia nigra of parkinsonian brain, probably inducing vulnerability of neurons and glias towards a variety of noxious factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007020050028
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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