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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nervous system manifestations and neuroradiologic findings in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 33-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: AIDS ; Central nervous system ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report a series of thirteen patients with nervous system complications out of a total of thirty AIDS patients admitted to our hospital over the last two years for which CT and/or MRI have been performed. Five were homosexual men and eight patients (5 men, 3 women) were of African origin (Zaïre and Rwanda) (n=5) or had had sexual intercourse with the local African population (n=3). The nervous system complications encountered included: toxoplasma gondii brain abscess (2 patients); cryptococcus neoformans meningitis+toxoplasmosis (1 patient); toxoplasmosis+lymphoma (2 patients); progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (1 patient); lymphocytic meningitis or encephalitis (3 patients); lymphoma (1 patient); polyradiculoneuritis (3 patients). Three of thirteen patients had multiple intracranial abnormalities: one had concomitant intraparenchymal toxoplasma abscess and cryptococcal meningitis; in one patient a lymphoma developed after the successful medical treatment of a toxoplasma abscess; conversely, one patient developed a toxoplasma abscess two years after mediastinal radiotherapy for a systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In conclusion, in our experience, nervous system toxoplasmosis is the most frequent AIDS related CNS complication. Our series demonstrates the high frequency of a second neurological disease occurring either concomitantly or separately. In these cases, while CT may readily identify the intracranial abnormalities, it contributes little towards an etiological diagnosis. Finally, our series illustrates the importance of a central African endemic focus for AIDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00342027
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Traumatic lumbosacral nerve root meningoceles (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 425-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Nerve root avulsion ; Traumatic meningocele ; CT ; Myelography ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of traumatic lumbar meningoceles at four levels in combination with total and partial nerve root avulsion and with perservation of a nerve root is reported. Several diagnostic imaging techniques (myelography, CT, myelo-CT and MRI) are compared and their value in demonstrating the continuity of the nerve roots is discussed. MRI could assess the continuity of a nerve root in a traumatic meningocele, not demonstrable by myelography or myelo-CT. The combination of myelography, myelo-CT and MRI is likely to provide a complete diagnostic evaluation of nerve root lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343868
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging findings in diffuse axonal injury after closed head trauma (1998)
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 960-965 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Brain ; hemorrhage ; Brain ; injuries ; Brain ; MR ; Brain ; CT ; MR ; gradient echo imaging ; MR ; FLAIR imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Even in patients with closed head trauma, brain parenchyma can be severely injured due to disruption of axonal fibers by shearing forces during acceleration, deceleration, and rotation of the head. In this article we review the spectrum of imaging findings in patients with diffuse axonal injuries (DAI) after closed head trauma. Knowledge of the location and imaging characteristics of DAI is important to radiologists for detection and diagnosis. Common locations of DAI include: cerebral hemispheric gray-white matter interface and subcortical white matter, body and splenium of corpus callosum, basal ganglia, dorsolateral aspect of brainstem, and cerebellum. In the acute phase, CT may show punctate hemorrhages. The true extent of brain involvement is better appreciated with MR imaging, because both hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic lesions (gliotic scars) can be detected. The MR appearance of DAI lesions depends on several factors, including age of injury, presence of hemorrhage or blood-breakdown products (e. g., hemosiderin), and type of sequence used. Technical aspects in MR imaging of these patients are discussed. Non-hemorrhagic lesions can be detected with fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), proton-density-, or T2-weighted images, whereas gradient echo sequences with long TE increase the visibility of old hemorrhagic lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050496
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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