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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The long-term growth rate of residual acoustic neurinomas (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 129 (1994), S. 127-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Acoustic neurinoma ; computed tomography ; growthrate ; intracapsular removal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The growth rate of 19 residual acoustic neurinomas was examined in a long-term follow-up study (median, 10 years; range, 5 to 17 years) following intracapsular removal. Of these, 10 (53%) had regrowth, three (16%) showed regression, and six (32%) were unchanged. The 10 acoustic neurinomas showing regrowth were divided into two categories, either solid or cystic, according to computed tomographic findings. Five acoustic neurinomas with cyst formation showed rapid regrowth, with the tumour doubling time ranging from 0.15 to 5.0 years (median, 4.5 years), and required re-operation. Five solid tumours showed slow regrowth, with the tumour doubling time ranging from 9 to 34 years (median, 15 years). Although cyst formation is a major factor in rapid regrowth, residual acoustic neurinomas without cyst formation have a slower growth potential. In this study, 74% of the residual acoustic neurinomas have never required re-operation. It is advisable to choose intracapsular removal if there is major risk of neurological deficits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01406491
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term follow-up of the residual intracanalicular tumours after subtotal removal of acoustic neurinomas (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 206-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Acoustic neurinoma ; intracanalicular tumour ; magnetic resonance imaging ; subtotal removal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined growth potential of residual intracanalicular tumours left from subtotal removal of large acoustic neurinomas. Eleven patients were followed-up by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The interval between surgery and MR study ranged from 12 to 29 years (median, 16 years). MR images of two patients showed no evidence of tumour remnant, and in six a small tumour was localized in the internal auditory canal. The other three showed an intracanalicular tumour protruding slightly towards the intracranial portion. This result suggests that the intracanalicular residual tumours have less risk of regrowth after subtotal removal of acoustic neurinomas. It is advisable to choose intracapsular subtotal removal without opening the internal auditory canal in the treatment of acoustic neurinoma, if it is large in size and there is a high risk of nerve injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411362
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cystic acoustic neurinomas: Studies of 14 cases (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 695-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Acoustic neurinoma ; computerized tomography ; cystic tumour ; magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cystic acoustic neurinomas (ANs) are less frequent and are different from solid ANs in clinical and radiological features. We had 14 cystic ANs (13.5% of 104 cases) in the last 17 years. Computerized tomographic or magnetic resonance images allowed for the classification of these cystic ANs into three types: Type A being large single cysts with a thin tumourous wall (7 cases); type B single cysts with a thick tumourous wall (3 cases); type C multicystic (4 cases). Half of the cystic ANs were not accompanied by enlargement of the internal auditory canal, despite the largeness of the cysts. The mean size of the tumours was 29 mm in diameter. Type A cysts had a shorter clinical history than types B and C. One patient had intact hearing. In five cases, an atypical initial symptom such as facial pain, dysgeusia, facial palsy, unsteadiness or vertigo presented. The trigeminal nerve was involved in 12 cases, the facial nerve in nine. The characteristic features of cystic ANs are largeness of the tumour, a short clinical history, an atypical initial symptom, facial nerve involvement, and/or no enlargement of the internal auditory canal. In addition, the histological features are a lobular growth pattern, high nuclear atypia, and numerous macro phages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411474
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in reciprocal ia inhibition during voluntary contraction in man (1984)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 53 (1984), S. 400-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: H-reflex ; Ia inhibition ; Tonic voluntary contraction ; Ankle muscles ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Reciprocal Ia inhibition from ankle flexors to extensors was studied during voluntary tonic isometric dorsiflexion and plantar flexion in five normal subjects. The Ia inhibition was examined as the short-latency suppression of the soleus H-reflexes by stimulation of the low-threshold afferents in the common peroneal nerve (Mizuno et al. 1971). At rest, weak Ia inhibition was demonstrated in four subjects out of five, the maximal amount being 14.1 ± 5.0% suppression of the control H-reflex. The absolute amount of inhibition, which was calculated by subtracting the mean size of the conditioned H-reflex from that of the control H-reflex and expressed as a percentage of the maximal M-response, increased during ankle dorsiflexion, and decreased or disappeared during plantar flexion in parallel with the amount of contraction. The neural mechanisms for facilitation of the Ia inhibitory pathway during dorsiflexion were considered to support the hypothesis of “α-γ-linkage in reciprocal inhibition”, i.e. combined facilitatory effects on the Ia inhibitory interneurone from the supraspinal centers directly and indirectly via the γ motoneurone — Ia afferent route. The mechanism for inhibition of the pathway during plantar flexion was considered to be inhibition of the Ia interneurone of the flexor side by Ia interneurone of antagonist extensors. A quantitative aspect of activity in the reciprocal Ia inhibitory pathway on the performance of voluntary movement is revealed in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238170
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facilitation of quadriceps motoneurones by group I afferents from pretibial flexors in man (1989)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 78 (1989), S. 10-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Non-monosynaptic Ia excitation ; Spinal interneurones ; Quadriceps ; Ankle flexors ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The neuronal pathway of the facilitation of quadriceps (Q) motoneurones (MNs) evoked by stimulation of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) has been reinvestigated using both the post-stimulus time histogram (PSTH) method for measurement of the firing probability of individual units and the H reflex technique. It has been found that Ia (and to an unknown extent Ib) afferents from pretibial flexors — but not from peroneal muscles — are responsible for this excitation. The central latency of the CPN-induced excitation of Q MNs was estimated to be 3–3.7 ms longer than that of their monosynaptic Ia excitation. To further investigate the neuronal pathway of the CPN-induced excitation the spatial facilitation technique was used, the effects on the Q H reflex of two conditioning stimuli (applied to the CPN and the femoral nerve — FN) being compared when applied separately and together. When the two conditioning volleys were timed to reach the spinal cord simultaneously the facilitation of the H reflex on combined stimulation was larger than the algebraic sum of the effects by separate stimuli in 40% of the cases. It is argued that this additional facilitation reflects summation at a premotoneuronal level and it is concluded that non-monosynaptic Ia excitation of Q MNs from Q and pretibial flexors is, at least partly, mediated through a common pathway. In those individual units in which stimulation of the FN and/or the CPN evoked a non-monosynaptic Ia excitation, this excitation was reduced on combined stimulation of the two nerves. It is argued that this reflects inhibition of the interneurones mediating the excitation, i.e. consists in a disfacilitation of the MNs. It is suggested that the non-monosynaptic (homonymous and heteronymous) Ia excitation of Q MNs in man (and the inhibition of this excitation) is mediated through a system of neurones similar to the system recently described in the cat by Edgley and Jankowska (1987).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230681
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reciprocal Ia inhibition during voluntary movements in man (1974)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 529-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Man ; H-reflex ; Reciprocal Ia inhibition ; Voluntary movements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Effects on the H-reflex of the triceps surae muscle from the volleys in the common peroneal nerve were investigated in normal human subjects at rest and during voluntary ankle movements. A depressive effect was revealed during active dorsiflexion but not at rest. Since this depression was evoked by volleys of low-threshold afferents and had a very short latency which suggests a disynaptic linkage, it was regarded as the reciprocal Ia inhibition. In an exceptional case, which showed an H-reflex in pretibial muscles at rest in spite of normal central nervous functions, reciprocal Ia inhibition of the triceps surae as well as pretibial motoneurones was observed in a resting state. It was stressed that there is a close parallelism between the excitability of a group of a-motoneurones and of interneurones which mediate Ia inhibition of the antagonists. Relying on recent observations from animal experiments neuronal mechanisms of the present observation were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237171
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