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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adamantinoma of bone (1982)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 398 (1982), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Bone neoplasms ; Adamantinoma ; Ultrastructure ; Immunoenzyme ; Tibia/fibula ; Keratin ; Blood group antigens ; Factor VIII-related antigen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adamantinoma of bone is a rare tumor, and fine structural analysis has been done in only a few cases. We report four cases studied by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical methods. Ultrastructural evaluation revealed a characteristic constellation of features, including intracellular bundles of type I microfilaments, moderate numbers of evenly dispersed mitochondria, scattered profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum, occasional Golgi bodies and lysosomes, and scattered glycogen particles. Microvillous processes and desmosomes were identified in all tumors. Well-formed basement membranes enveloped cell clusters but did not surround individual cells. Intercellular basement membrane-like material also was found focally in pools. Ultrastructural features of endothelial differentiation, including Weibel-Palade bodies, micropinocytotic vesicles, and tight junctions, were not identified. Immunoperoxidase stains for coagulation factor VIII (von Willebrand factor) and blood group antigens were negative, whereas similar stains for keratin were positive. Our findings strongly suggest that adamantinoma is a neoplasm expressing definite epithelial, rather than endothelial, characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00585615
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II study of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in recurrent primary brain tumor (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 30 (1996), S. 243-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: recurrent glioma ; 5-fluorouracil ; leucovorin ; radiation therapy ; astrocytoma ; oligodendroglioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirty patients with recurrent primary brain tumors were treated with a combination of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin. There were three responses seen. Toxicity consisted of stomatitis, diarrhea, and hematological suppression. 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin would appear to be minimally effective in recurrent brain tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177275
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The results of radiotherapy for brainstem tumors (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 40 (1998), S. 171-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: brainstem tumors ; surgery ; radiation therapy ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: This analysis was performed to examine the outcome of adult and pediatric patients with brainstem tumors. Methods and materials: Forty patients with brainstem glioma were evaluated retrospectively. Included were 24 females and 16 males ranging in age from 3 to 81 years (median, 29.5 years). These patients were treated with various combinations of surgery, chemotherapy, and ratiotherapy (RT). The length of follow-up in survivors ranged from 0.6 to 20 years (median: 3.2 years, mean: 6 years). Survival rates were calculated with the Kaplan Meier method and differences between survival curves were calculated using the log-rank test. Results: The overall 2 and 5-year survival rates were 44% and 34%, respectively. The median survival time was 19 months. The 5-year survival rate was 54% for patients with tumors outside the pons compared to 21% for those with tumors involving the pons (p=0.04). The 5-year survival rate was 59% for patients with exophytic tumors as compared to 23% for those with intrinsic tumors (p=0.05). Patients undergoing subtotal resection had a 5-year survival rate of 53% compared to 28% for those having only a biopsy or no surgical intervention (p=0.04). None of the other potential prognostic or treatment related factors evaluated [patient age, tumor grade, tumor histology, radiotherapy parameters (including BID fractionation, 3-D treatment planning, or the use of doses 〉 55 Gy), or the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy] evaluated were associated with patient survival. Conclusions: Brainstem gliomas generally occur in younger individuals. The survival rates were better for patients with exophytic tumors, those involving sites other than the pons, and tumors amenable to subtotal resection. Improvements in the outcome of patients with brainstem gliomas will require new therapeutic approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006193306286
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomized trial of radiation therapy (RT) plus dibromodulcitol (DBD) versus RT plus BCNU in high grade astrocytoma (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 33 (1997), S. 239-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: high grade astrocytoma ; dibromodulcitol ; BCNU ; radiation therapy ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: We performed a randomized trial to comparesurvival distributions and toxicity of radiation therapy (RT)and DBD with RT and BCNU in patientswith high-grade astrocytoma. Methods: A total of 238patients with supratentorial grade 3 and grade 4astrocytoma were studied. Patients were stratified by age,extent of surgery, tumor grade, and performance scoreand randomly assigned to receive RT 55-60 Gyand either DBD, 200 mg/m2 orally on Days1–10 every five weeks or BCNU, 200 mg/m2intravenously every seven weeks. Median age was 60years; 62% were 55 years or older. Eighty-threepercent had subtotal resection, 58% had grade 4tumors, and 83% had performance scores of 0–2.Results: Survival distributions for all patients in thetwo arms were similar, with median survival of41 weeks in each arm. Time to progressiondistributions were virtually identical, with medians of 22weeks. BCNU produced significantly greater hematologic toxicity; medianleukocyte and platelet nadirs on the first cyclewere 3.6 vs. 4.7 (P=0.0001) and117 vs. 162 (P 〈 0.0001), and overallplatelet nadirs were 80.5 vs. 114 (P =0.0019). Non-hematologic toxicities were also significantly greater withBCNU, including nausea (57% vs. 31%; P 〈0.0001) and vomiting (45% vs. 17%; P 〈0.0001). Conclusion: This trial found no evidence ofdifferences in treatment efficacy when either DBD orBCNU is combined with radiation therapy for patientswith high-grade astrocytoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005735405986
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of von Hippel-Lindau Protein (VHL-P) in Nontumorous and Adenomatous Human Pituitaries (1999)
    Springer
    Pituitary 1 (1999), S. 227-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7403
    Keywords: angiogenesis ; immunocytochemistry ; pituitary ; VHL protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the presence of von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL-P) in 7 nontumorous pituitaries and 68 pituitary adenomas by immunocytochemistry using a polyclonal antibody which detects both normal and mutated forms. In nontumorous pituitary VHL-P was variable expressed in the cytoplasm of most adenohypophysial cells. In addition, weak diffuse staining was noted in the posterior lobe. Among the 53 VHL-P immunopositive adenomas (78%), 32 showed only cytoplasmic, 7 only nuclear, and 14 both cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivity. In densely (8 cases) and sparsely (7 cases) granulated somatotroph adenomas nuclear and weak cytoplasmic immunoreactivity were common; all 4 sparsely granulated lactotroph adenomas had only moderate cytoplasmic immunostaining; all 7 functioning corticotroph adenomas presented intense cytoplasmic immunoreactivity and 4/7 showing nuclear immunostaining as well; all 3 silent subtype 1 adenomas were negative; 3/4 silent subtype 2 and 4/7 silent subtype 3 adenomas exhibited only cytoplasmic immunoreactivity; thyrotroph adenomas showed variable patterns from negative in 1/7, to only cytoplasmic in 2/7, nuclear alone in 2/7, or both in 2/7. Only weak, focal cytoplasmic immunoreactivity was noted in gonadotroph adenomas of female (2/4) and male 1/5 type. Lastly, all 4 null cell and 8 oncocytic adenomas showed moderate to intense cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. It can be concluded that the majority of pituitary adenomas express the VHL-P with variable distributions and intensity in different tumor types. The frequent localization of VHL-P in the nuclei of somatotroph adenomas, the least vascularized tumor type, suggests a possible inhibitory role of VHL-P in pituitary angiogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009990005835
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and Regulation of Proconvertases PC1 and PC2 in Human Pituitary Adenomas (1999)
    Springer
    Pituitary 1 (1999), S. 187-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7403
    Keywords: pituitary ; proconvertase ; chromogranin ; pancreastatin ; in situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pituitary adenomas are members of the family of neuroendocrine cells and tumors which have secretory granules containing chromogranins/secretogranins and other proteins. Pituitary adenomas express the neuroendocrine specific proconvertases PC1 (also known as PC3) and PC2, which are important for the proteolytic processing of chromogranins/secretogranins molecules. We examined the distribution of PC1 and PC2 in primary cultures of 20 pituitary adenomas and analyzed the regulation of the proconvertase mRNAs and proteins by various secretagogues including hypothalamic hormones and phorbol ester to determine the role of PC1 and PC2 in CgA processing in pituitary adenomas. Although PC2 was present in all adenomas, there was a differential distribution of PC1 with PRL adenomas expressing lower levels of PC1 compared to other adenoma types by RT-PCR analysis, in situ hybridization and immunostaining. Treatment of primary cultures of pituitary adenomas with phorbol 12-myristrate 13-acetate (PMA) resulted in an increase in pancreastatin (PST) secretion in most pituitary adenomas and increased PC1 mRNA and protein expression in gonadotroph adenomas, but not in other types of adenomas. Analysis of a human pituitary adenoma cell line, immortalized by recombinant defective adenovirus (HP75), which expressed chromogranin A, FSH, PC1 and PC2 showed that PST was secreted by these immortalized cells. Treatment with TGFβ1 resulted in an increase in PST secretion and in PC1 mRNA and protein. These results indicate that a) there is a differential distribution of PC1 in human pituitary adenomas with PRL adenomas expressing very little PC1 mRNA and protein and b) that PC1 expression in gonadotropin hormone-producing adenomas is regulated by PMA and TGFβ1. These findings support the observation that chromogranin A is a substrate for the endoproteinase PC1 in human pituitary adenoma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009909232243
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leptin Signal Transduction in the HP75 Human Pituitary Cell Line (2000)
    Springer
    Pituitary 3 (2000), S. 211-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7403
    Keywords: pituitary ; HP75 cells ; STATs and SOCS-3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Leptin is an adipocyte-derived cytokine with many functions including signaling the status of body energy stores through activation of the leptin receptor (OB-R). Activation of the long form of OB-R (OB-Rb) results in JAK2 phosphorylation, activation of STATs, and subsequent gene expression. Activated STAT3 induces SOCS-3 expression in some cell types, which in turn down-regulates the JAK/STAT pathway. Although both leptin and OB-R are expressed in pituitary cells, the mechanism of signal transduction and its regulation in this organ has not been studied extensively. In these experiments we show that leptin reduces proliferation in a human pituitary cell line (HP75) and also increased apoptosis in these cells. Leptin also increased SOCS-3 mRNA and protein expression and tyrosine-phosphorylation in the HP75 human pituitary cell line. These findings suggest that SOCS-3 plays an important role in the inhibition of proximal leptin signal transduction in the anterior pituitary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012994712851
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