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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of peripheral nerve lesions during pregnancy on parturition in rats (1990)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 182 (1990), S. 499-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Pregnancy ; Parturition ; Pelvic nerve ; Pudendal nerve ; Visceral afferent nerves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Bilateral section of either the sensory or motor branch of the pelvic nerve or pudendal nerve was performed in rats on days 8–10 of pregnancy, and the effects on delivery were observed. Bilateral resection of the sensory branch of the pelvic nerve reduced the number of live pups per litter, and increased the number of stillbirths and the number of fetuses retained in utero per litter at day 24. Sectioning motor components of the pelvic nerve, or both motor and sensory components of the pudendal nerve, had no effects on delivery in rats. We conclude that of the peripheral nerves evaluated in this study, only the sensory branch of the pelvic nerve is required for normal vaginal delivery in this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00178916
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ovarian sympathectomy in the guinea pig (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 236 (1984), S. 257-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ovary ; Adrenergic nerves ; Follicle growth ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of ovarian adrenergic nerves on follicular growth during the estrous cycle in the adult guinea pig was ascertained by comparing follicular development in control and chemically sympathectomized ovaries from the same animal. Selective ovarian sympathectomy was achieved by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into a surgically closed periovarian membranous sac (bursa) on day 2 of the cycle (day 1 = day of estrus). The contralateral surgically closed ovarian bursa was injected with solvent used for 6-hydroxydopamine. Animals were laparotomized on days 5, 10 and 14 of the cycle. Blood from the utero-ovarian vein was collected bilaterally for measurement of progesterone and androstenedione. The ovaries were processed for histologic examination, and the number of follicles in each ovary was analyzed morphometrically. Sympathectomy on day 2 caused a decrease in healthy preovulatory follicles (〉 700 μm diameter) on day 10 of the cycle. There were no differences in ovarian weights or the total number of follicles per ovary at this time. On days 5 and 14 of the cycle, there were no differences in ovarian weights, total number of follicles per ovary or follicles in any size classification. Sympathectomy did not alter progesterone levels in the uteroovarian vein as compared to contralateral control levels. From control ovaries, there was a significant increase in progesterone in the blood of the utero-ovarian vein on day 10 but venous levels of progesterone from sympathectomized ovaries were not significantly different at any day of the cycle. In the venous effluent from sympathectomized ovaries, androstenedione was elevated at day 5 compared to days 10 and 14. These observations suggest that ovarian adrenergic nerves may modulate growth of large antral follicles and ovarian steroidogenesis during the estrous cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214226
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ovarian sympathectomy in the guinea pig (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 236 (1984), S. 593-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ovary ; Adrenergic nerves ; Follicle growth ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of ovarian adrenergic nerves in follicular growth was studied in prepubertal guinea pigs by determining the effect of sympathectomy on 1) follicle populations and 2) follicular development following exogenous gonadotropin administration. Selective unilateral ovarian sympathectomy was achieved by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into a surgically closed periovarian bursa on day 20 postpartum. The contralateral surgically closed ovarian bursa was injected with the vehicle used for 6-hydroxydopamine. On day 25, animals were injected with pregnant mare serum or saline followed by human chorionic gonadotropin or saline 48 h later. All animals were laparotomized on day 28 and blood from utero-ovarian veins was collected bilaterally for androstenedione determination. Ovaries were processed for morphometric analysis of follicles. The sympathectomized ovary in saline-injected animals had a significant decrease in preantral follicles (characterized by ≤2 layers of granulosa cells without antrum formation), an increase in 310–500 μm diameter atretic follicles and an increase in follicles ≥700 um compared to the contralateral control ovary. There were no differences in androstenedione levels from the two sides, ovarian weights or the total number of follicles per ovary. Neither ovary had corpora lutea. The sympathectomized ovary in animals injected with gonadotropins was not different from the contralateral ovary in any of the parameters measured. Both control and sympathectomized ovaries had newly formed corpora lutea in response to the exogenous gonadotropins. These results suggest that ovarian adrenergic nerves normally participate in follicular development in the prepubertal guinea pig. However, exogenous gonadotropins may override neural influences on the prepubertal ovary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217227
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of rat ovarian interstitial gland cells during pregnancy (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 184 (1977), S. 143-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ovary (Rat) ; Pregnancy ; Interstitial gland ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the interstitial gland of the rat ovary was studied at estrus and on Days 4, 6, 10, 14 and 18 of pregnancy. At estrus, ovarian interstitial cells have small nuclei with dense irregular clumps of heterochromatin. Mitochondria are small and rod-shaped and have predominantely lamellar cristae. Numerous osmiophilic lipid droplets are present. At Days 4 and 6, nuclear heterochromatin is reduced, and nucleoli are larger and complex. Mitochondria are enlarged and often bizarre-shaped and have tubular cristae. Golgi and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are more conspicuous. At Day 10, prominent ultrastructural features include nuclei with conspicuous heterochromatin, smaller mitochondria with both lamellar and tubular cristae, numerous ribosomes and lipid droplets with decreased osmiophilia. At Days 14 and 18, nuclei have increased heterochromatin, mitochondria are small and have lamellated cristae and an increase in the size and number of lipid droplets occurs. These observations suggest that steroidogenic activity of interstitial cells is highest during the first half of pregnancy and regresses during the last half. It is suggested that the interstitial gland is an important ovarian source of pregnancy hormone(s) during the first half of gestation and that LH may modulate steroidogenic activity in this ovarian component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223064
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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