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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 182 (1990), S. 499-501 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Pregnancy ; Parturition ; Pelvic nerve ; Pudendal nerve ; Visceral afferent nerves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Bilateral section of either the sensory or motor branch of the pelvic nerve or pudendal nerve was performed in rats on days 8–10 of pregnancy, and the effects on delivery were observed. Bilateral resection of the sensory branch of the pelvic nerve reduced the number of live pups per litter, and increased the number of stillbirths and the number of fetuses retained in utero per litter at day 24. Sectioning motor components of the pelvic nerve, or both motor and sensory components of the pudendal nerve, had no effects on delivery in rats. We conclude that of the peripheral nerves evaluated in this study, only the sensory branch of the pelvic nerve is required for normal vaginal delivery in this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Ovary ; Ovarian sensory nerves ; Unilateral ovariectomy ; Compensatory ovarian hypertrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were subjected to right side dorsal rhizotomy of spinal nerves T12-L2 and ipsior contralateral unilateral ovariectomy at estrus (day 1). Estrous cycles were recorded daily, and on day 15 the remaining ovary was removed and weighed. Antral follicles were counted in representative day 1 and day 15 ovaries. Dorsal rhizotomy did not affect estrous cycles during the period after surgery. Also dorsal rhizotomy did not alter ipsilateral ovarian hypertrophy or follicular activation following unilateral ovariectomy. Thus, although the major portion of the ovarian sensory innervation is via the lesioned segments, interruption of these segments centrally does not alter compensatory ovarian responses subsequent to unilateral ovariectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 207 (1983), S. 623-627 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the right or left ovary of the rat produced labeling of perikarya in both nodose ganglia and ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) from T10 to L2. The greatest concentration of labeled cells was in T13 and L1, DRGs. It is suggested that visceral afferent fibers from the ovary may mediate visceral reflexes that modulate ovarian function.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 196 (1980), S. 51-59 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cutting the suspensory ligament reduced the ovarian content of norepinephrine (NE) to less than half that of controls and only a few blood vessels had perivascular fibers and an occasional nerve remained in the interstitial gland. Cutting the ovarian plexus had a less drastic, but similar effect on the ovarian content of NE and on the pattern of ovarian adrenergic nerves. Cutting both the suspensory ligament and ovarian plexus eliminated visualization of ovarian adrenergic nerves, but some ovarian NE was still measurable. Fluorescence and electron microscopic studies of the suspensory liagament revealed a large adrenergic nerve embedded in smooth muscle of the ligament. The nerve was also acetylcholinesterase-positive. Cutting the celiac plexus or incising a small nerve lateral to the plexus and medial to the origin of the suspensory ligament, had the same effect on the ovarian adrenergic nerves as cutting the suspensory ligament. It is concluded that the extrinsic adrenergic nerves to the rat ovary reach the organ by two routes: one via the nerve in the suspensory ligament (superior ovarian nerve), and one via the traditionally described ovarian plexus along the ovarian artery.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 210 (1984), S. 575-581 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Bilateral section of the pelvic parasympathetic nerves (pelvicneurectomy) on day 5 of pseudopregnancy had no effect on the wet weight of ovaries, uteri, and/or cervices, but at day 9 serum progesterone was reduced to approximately half that of sham-operated animals. Collagen in the cervix was visualized with picrosirius red staining under polarization microscopy. Pelvic neurectomy decreased the birefringence of Type 1 collagen in the cervix to less than half that of sham operated animals. The decreased birefringence, an index of the organization of collagen fibers, is believed to be attributable to reduced progesterone levels. Alternatively, the pelvic nerve may directly influence mucopolysaccharides or collagenolytic enzymes in the cervix.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: After injection of true blue (TB) into the pericardial sac and nuclear yellow (NY) into the left ulnar nerve of rats, most perikarya in the left eighth cervical and first thoracic dorsal root ganglia are single-labeled with either TB or NY. However, 7.1-14.7% of the sensory perikarya from the cardiac area labeled with TB are simultaneously labeled with NY. This finding indicates that some primary sensory perikarya receive processes from both the left arm and the heart. In addition to other mechanisms that may be operative in the referral of pain of cardiac origin to the medial left arm, these results suggest that sensory neurons with dichotomizing somatic and visceral peripheral processes may also contribute to this phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 190 (1978), S. 233-241 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Adrenergic and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-positive nerves were studied in the rat ovary four days after various experimental denervation procedures. Ablation of pelvic parasympathetic nerves (pelvic neurectomy [PN]) or abdominal vagotomy (AV) had no obvious affect on the adrenergic or AChE-positive nerves in the ovary. Section of the mesovarium resulted in the loss of all histochemically demonstrable adrenergic and AChE-positive nerves. Chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HD) resulted in the loss of all histo-chemically demonstrable adrenergic nerves. A few AChE-positive nerves remained in the hilar and medullary regions following chemical sympathectomy. When the presumptive parasympathectomy procedures (AV and PN) were combined with chemical sympathectomy, again no adrenergic nerves remained, however a few hilar and medullary AChE-positive fibers persisted after sympathec-tomy plus PN, but no AChE-positive fibers were demonstrable in the AV plus 6-HD group.These findings show that most of the AChE in ovarian nerves is localized in adrenergic nerves. It is suggested that the few AChE-positive fibers remaining in the ovarian hilar area after 6-HD treatment or 6-HD plus PN are derived from the vagus. These few AChE-positive nerves may be postganglionic vagal parasympathetic or they may be sensory fibers.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Following unilateral ovariectomy in the rat, the remaining ovary undergoes rapid compensatory changes including an increase in the number of antral follicles (follicular activation) and an increase in ovarian weight (compensatory ovarian hypertrophy). The ovary is innervated by the vagus nerve (Burden et al., 1983). In the present study, the effects of right and left cervical vagotomy and abdominal vagotomy on follicular activation and compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in the remaining right or left ovary were compared 15 days after unilateral ovariectomy. Neither right nor left cervical vagotomy affected compensatory ovarian hypertrophy of the right or left ovaries but abdominal vagotomy depressed compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in both the right and left ovaries. Left cervical vagotomy did not inhibit follicular activation, but right cervical vagotomy prevented follicular activation in the right but not left ovary. Also, abdominal vagotomy inhibited follicular activation in the right but not the left ovary. In animals with both ovaries which were subjected to the left or right cervical vagotomy or abdominal vagotomy follicular counts in both right and left ovaries were similar. Collectively, these data indicate that the vagus nerve participates in follicular activation after unilateral ovariectomy. The data also indicate that the right ovary is more dependent on vagal influences for follicular activation than the left ovary.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 184 (1977), S. 143-154 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ovary (Rat) ; Pregnancy ; Interstitial gland ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the interstitial gland of the rat ovary was studied at estrus and on Days 4, 6, 10, 14 and 18 of pregnancy. At estrus, ovarian interstitial cells have small nuclei with dense irregular clumps of heterochromatin. Mitochondria are small and rod-shaped and have predominantely lamellar cristae. Numerous osmiophilic lipid droplets are present. At Days 4 and 6, nuclear heterochromatin is reduced, and nucleoli are larger and complex. Mitochondria are enlarged and often bizarre-shaped and have tubular cristae. Golgi and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are more conspicuous. At Day 10, prominent ultrastructural features include nuclei with conspicuous heterochromatin, smaller mitochondria with both lamellar and tubular cristae, numerous ribosomes and lipid droplets with decreased osmiophilia. At Days 14 and 18, nuclei have increased heterochromatin, mitochondria are small and have lamellated cristae and an increase in the size and number of lipid droplets occurs. These observations suggest that steroidogenic activity of interstitial cells is highest during the first half of pregnancy and regresses during the last half. It is suggested that the interstitial gland is an important ovarian source of pregnancy hormone(s) during the first half of gestation and that LH may modulate steroidogenic activity in this ovarian component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 182 (1977), S. 133-138 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Innervation ; Fetal rat islets ; Histochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fetal rat pancreas, explanted at 18 days of gestation and cultured up to ten days, contains numerous acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons. These nerves usually appear in small ganglia although single nerve cells are encountered. The axons of these intrapancreatic nerves appear to terminate only in the islet tissue and not on any exocrine components of the expiant. It is concluded that the fetal rat pancreas contains an islet-specific group of cholinergic neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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