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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dorsal rhizotomy does not alter rat estrous cycles or ovarian compensatory responses (1993)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 187 (1993), S. 461-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Ovary ; Ovarian sensory nerves ; Unilateral ovariectomy ; Compensatory ovarian hypertrophy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Rats were subjected to right side dorsal rhizotomy of spinal nerves T12-L2 and ipsior contralateral unilateral ovariectomy at estrus (day 1). Estrous cycles were recorded daily, and on day 15 the remaining ovary was removed and weighed. Antral follicles were counted in representative day 1 and day 15 ovaries. Dorsal rhizotomy did not affect estrous cycles during the period after surgery. Also dorsal rhizotomy did not alter ipsilateral ovarian hypertrophy or follicular activation following unilateral ovariectomy. Thus, although the major portion of the ovarian sensory innervation is via the lesioned segments, interruption of these segments centrally does not alter compensatory ovarian responses subsequent to unilateral ovariectomy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174421
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of peripheral nerve lesions during pregnancy on parturition in rats (1990)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 182 (1990), S. 499-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Pregnancy ; Parturition ; Pelvic nerve ; Pudendal nerve ; Visceral afferent nerves
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Bilateral section of either the sensory or motor branch of the pelvic nerve or pudendal nerve was performed in rats on days 8–10 of pregnancy, and the effects on delivery were observed. Bilateral resection of the sensory branch of the pelvic nerve reduced the number of live pups per litter, and increased the number of stillbirths and the number of fetuses retained in utero per litter at day 24. Sectioning motor components of the pelvic nerve, or both motor and sensory components of the pudendal nerve, had no effects on delivery in rats. We conclude that of the peripheral nerves evaluated in this study, only the sensory branch of the pelvic nerve is required for normal vaginal delivery in this species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00178916
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Innervation of the cultured fetal rat pancreas (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 182 (1977), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Innervation ; Fetal rat islets ; Histochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The fetal rat pancreas, explanted at 18 days of gestation and cultured up to ten days, contains numerous acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons. These nerves usually appear in small ganglia although single nerve cells are encountered. The axons of these intrapancreatic nerves appear to terminate only in the islet tissue and not on any exocrine components of the expiant. It is concluded that the fetal rat pancreas contains an islet-specific group of cholinergic neurons.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222061
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ovarian sympathectomy in the guinea pig (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 236 (1984), S. 257-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Ovary ; Adrenergic nerves ; Follicle growth ; Guinea pig
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The influence of ovarian adrenergic nerves on follicular growth during the estrous cycle in the adult guinea pig was ascertained by comparing follicular development in control and chemically sympathectomized ovaries from the same animal. Selective ovarian sympathectomy was achieved by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into a surgically closed periovarian membranous sac (bursa) on day 2 of the cycle (day 1 = day of estrus). The contralateral surgically closed ovarian bursa was injected with solvent used for 6-hydroxydopamine. Animals were laparotomized on days 5, 10 and 14 of the cycle. Blood from the utero-ovarian vein was collected bilaterally for measurement of progesterone and androstenedione. The ovaries were processed for histologic examination, and the number of follicles in each ovary was analyzed morphometrically. Sympathectomy on day 2 caused a decrease in healthy preovulatory follicles (〉 700 μm diameter) on day 10 of the cycle. There were no differences in ovarian weights or the total number of follicles per ovary at this time. On days 5 and 14 of the cycle, there were no differences in ovarian weights, total number of follicles per ovary or follicles in any size classification. Sympathectomy did not alter progesterone levels in the uteroovarian vein as compared to contralateral control levels. From control ovaries, there was a significant increase in progesterone in the blood of the utero-ovarian vein on day 10 but venous levels of progesterone from sympathectomized ovaries were not significantly different at any day of the cycle. In the venous effluent from sympathectomized ovaries, androstenedione was elevated at day 5 compared to days 10 and 14. These observations suggest that ovarian adrenergic nerves may modulate growth of large antral follicles and ovarian steroidogenesis during the estrous cycle.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214226
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ovarian sympathectomy in the guinea pig (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 236 (1984), S. 593-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Ovary ; Adrenergic nerves ; Follicle growth ; Guinea pig
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The role of ovarian adrenergic nerves in follicular growth was studied in prepubertal guinea pigs by determining the effect of sympathectomy on 1) follicle populations and 2) follicular development following exogenous gonadotropin administration. Selective unilateral ovarian sympathectomy was achieved by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into a surgically closed periovarian bursa on day 20 postpartum. The contralateral surgically closed ovarian bursa was injected with the vehicle used for 6-hydroxydopamine. On day 25, animals were injected with pregnant mare serum or saline followed by human chorionic gonadotropin or saline 48 h later. All animals were laparotomized on day 28 and blood from utero-ovarian veins was collected bilaterally for androstenedione determination. Ovaries were processed for morphometric analysis of follicles. The sympathectomized ovary in saline-injected animals had a significant decrease in preantral follicles (characterized by ≤2 layers of granulosa cells without antrum formation), an increase in 310–500 μm diameter atretic follicles and an increase in follicles ≥700 um compared to the contralateral control ovary. There were no differences in androstenedione levels from the two sides, ovarian weights or the total number of follicles per ovary. Neither ovary had corpora lutea. The sympathectomized ovary in animals injected with gonadotropins was not different from the contralateral ovary in any of the parameters measured. Both control and sympathectomized ovaries had newly formed corpora lutea in response to the exogenous gonadotropins. These results suggest that ovarian adrenergic nerves normally participate in follicular development in the prepubertal guinea pig. However, exogenous gonadotropins may override neural influences on the prepubertal ovary.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217227
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cellular junctions in perifollicular contractile tissue of the rat ovary during the preovulatory period (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 219 (1981), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Ovary (rat) ; Intermediate junctions ; Gap junctions ; Theca externa ; Ovulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Rat ovarian perifollicular contractile tissue was examined at specified intervals prior to ovulation to determine the type, relative number, and length of cellular junctions. Rat ovaries were taken for electron-microscopic observation at 1500 h on the afternoon of proestrus (proestrus 0-h group), at 2000 h (proestrus 5 h group), at 0100 h (proestrus 10-h group) and at 1600 h on the afternoon of diestrus I. Close junctions, intermediate junctions, and gap junctions were counted and measured. The number of gap junctions 1,000 μm of membrane and the number of intermediate junctions 1,000 μm of membrane was significantly higher in the proestrus 10 h group as compared to the other groups. There was no difference in the number of close junctions during the periods studied. Also the length of all junctions was similar in all groups. These morphological findings are discussed in the context of a contractile role for perifollicular tissue in the ovulatory process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210023
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultrastructure of the cells of the ovarian interstitial gland in hypophysectomized rats (1978)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 193 (1978), S. 433-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Hypophysectomy ; Interstitial gland ; Ultrastructure ; Innervation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The fine structure of the interstitial gland of the ovary was studied in hypophysectomized rats and in hypophysectomized rats after denervation of the ovary or stimulation of the ovarian plexus. Hypophysectomized rats were used to eliminate gonadotropic influences on interstitial cells. In hypophysectomized rats, there was a large amount of intercellular space and cells had irregularly shaped nuclei and a large nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Prominent cytoplasmic features included small mitochondria with an electron-dense matrix, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, polysomes and large osmiophilic lipid droplets. Interstitial cells from stimulated ovaries had reduced intercellular space and a reduced nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Mitochondria had tubular cristae; smooth endoplasmic reticulum-surrounded lipid droplets, and large polysomes were present. After section of the ovarian plexus, intercellular space was increased and filopodia were numerous. Cytoplasmic features included mitochondria with a dense matrix and indistinct cristae, large electronlucent lipid droplets, and variously sized multivesicular structures. These observations suggest that stimulation of the ovarian plexus in hypophysectomized rats causes regressed cells to assume the fine structural features of active steroidogenic cells. In contrast, interruption of the ovarian nerve supply causes a qualitative and quantitative increase in ultrastructural features characteristic of regressed steroidogenic cells. These responses of interstitial gland cells to denervation and stimulation provide morphological evidence for a functional role for the adrenergic nerves to this ovarian compartment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225341
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultrastructure of rat ovarian interstitial gland cells during pregnancy (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 184 (1977), S. 143-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Ovary (Rat) ; Pregnancy ; Interstitial gland ; Ultrastructure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The fine structure of the interstitial gland of the rat ovary was studied at estrus and on Days 4, 6, 10, 14 and 18 of pregnancy. At estrus, ovarian interstitial cells have small nuclei with dense irregular clumps of heterochromatin. Mitochondria are small and rod-shaped and have predominantely lamellar cristae. Numerous osmiophilic lipid droplets are present. At Days 4 and 6, nuclear heterochromatin is reduced, and nucleoli are larger and complex. Mitochondria are enlarged and often bizarre-shaped and have tubular cristae. Golgi and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are more conspicuous. At Day 10, prominent ultrastructural features include nuclei with conspicuous heterochromatin, smaller mitochondria with both lamellar and tubular cristae, numerous ribosomes and lipid droplets with decreased osmiophilia. At Days 14 and 18, nuclei have increased heterochromatin, mitochondria are small and have lamellated cristae and an increase in the size and number of lipid droplets occurs. These observations suggest that steroidogenic activity of interstitial cells is highest during the first half of pregnancy and regresses during the last half. It is suggested that the interstitial gland is an important ovarian source of pregnancy hormone(s) during the first half of gestation and that LH may modulate steroidogenic activity in this ovarian component.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223064
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Experimental studies on the acetylcholinesterase-positive nerves in the ovary of the rat (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 190 (1978), S. 233-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Adrenergic and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-positive nerves were studied in the rat ovary four days after various experimental denervation procedures. Ablation of pelvic parasympathetic nerves (pelvic neurectomy [PN]) or abdominal vagotomy (AV) had no obvious affect on the adrenergic or AChE-positive nerves in the ovary. Section of the mesovarium resulted in the loss of all histochemically demonstrable adrenergic and AChE-positive nerves. Chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HD) resulted in the loss of all histo-chemically demonstrable adrenergic nerves. A few AChE-positive nerves remained in the hilar and medullary regions following chemical sympathectomy. When the presumptive parasympathectomy procedures (AV and PN) were combined with chemical sympathectomy, again no adrenergic nerves remained, however a few hilar and medullary AChE-positive fibers persisted after sympathec-tomy plus PN, but no AChE-positive fibers were demonstrable in the AV plus 6-HD group.These findings show that most of the AChE in ovarian nerves is localized in adrenergic nerves. It is suggested that the few AChE-positive fibers remaining in the ovarian hilar area after 6-HD treatment or 6-HD plus PN are derived from the vagus. These few AChE-positive nerves may be postganglionic vagal parasympathetic or they may be sensory fibers.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091900207
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The origin of the extrinsic adrenergic innervation to the rat ovary (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 196 (1980), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Cutting the suspensory ligament reduced the ovarian content of norepinephrine (NE) to less than half that of controls and only a few blood vessels had perivascular fibers and an occasional nerve remained in the interstitial gland. Cutting the ovarian plexus had a less drastic, but similar effect on the ovarian content of NE and on the pattern of ovarian adrenergic nerves. Cutting both the suspensory ligament and ovarian plexus eliminated visualization of ovarian adrenergic nerves, but some ovarian NE was still measurable. Fluorescence and electron microscopic studies of the suspensory liagament revealed a large adrenergic nerve embedded in smooth muscle of the ligament. The nerve was also acetylcholinesterase-positive. Cutting the celiac plexus or incising a small nerve lateral to the plexus and medial to the origin of the suspensory ligament, had the same effect on the ovarian adrenergic nerves as cutting the suspensory ligament. It is concluded that the extrinsic adrenergic nerves to the rat ovary reach the organ by two routes: one via the nerve in the suspensory ligament (superior ovarian nerve), and one via the traditionally described ovarian plexus along the ovarian artery.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091960106
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